A dwelling in which the utilities are built around a small core room with a bath arranged to either side of the core room and a kitchen arranged adjacent one bath so that all sewer lines may extend from the various facilities to a main single sewer line in the core. The core also provides for a water heater, air conditioning equipment, as well as water lines to the various facilities.

Plumbing systems for routing wastes from a plurality of plumbing fixtures to a sewer, and for venting gases from the plumbing fixtures to the atmosphere. Also, plumbing fittings for use in such plumbing systems.

A transport assembly for a modular environmental space module has a shipping shell having two shell halves which define a shipping package volume therebetween. One of the shipping shell halves serves as a roof component for an erected space module and the other shell half may serve as a portion of a shipping container or as a floor component for an erected space module. Within the package volume wall components are positioned in stacked relationship. The wall components extend between the roof component and an underlying surface or the floor component in an erected space module. A floor component may be included within the package volume together with opening frame components for interspersing with the wall components in the erected space module for providing access and light openings in the walls. Support jacks may also be included within the package volume for supporting the erected space module. The support jacks are configured to extend between the lower portions of the opening frame components and an underlying support surface or member. A utility manifold may be contained within the package volume beneath the floor component, located in its functioning position, whereby the erected space module may be connected to preselected utilities. Means for attaching the various space module components together to form the erected module may also be included within the package volume.

Method and apparatus for building construction wherein the building is formed as an integral unit of synthetic material. A first form means is provided which defines cavity portions representative of a building construction, walls and ceiling portions including predetermined utility component openings, window and door openings. Utility components including electrical environmental control and plumbing are positioned within the cavity portions of the first form means adjacent the predetermined utility component openings. Door and window frame means are positioned within the first form means adjacent the window and door openings. An additional form means is added to the first form means for effecting a substantially enclosed cavity portion representative of a pre-designed building. Means is provided for filling the enclosed cavity portions defined by the first form means and the additional form means with synthetic building material. After the enclosed form means have been filled with the synthetic building material, the material is allowed to set up sufficiently to assume the form of the enclosed cavity portions, after which the form means are removed to expose a building construction formed as an integral unit including upright walls and top portions having the utility components and window and door frames molded therein. The electrical and environmental control components are constructed as a preassembled packaged unit having a main control unit with input conduit means connected thereto and including a plurality of output conduits corresponding to the number of locations of output conduits required in the predesigned building. Means is provided for securing the utility components into position adjacent the openings provided in the form means and means is provided for securing the window and door frames in position in the form means prior to a forming operation.

A combination of pre-dimensioned and pre-engineered modular units which form at least a powder room within a room section of a building structure and a method of assembling same. The assemblage includes an interface unit having a drain-waste-vent piping system for the room, the unit being mounted to the surface of the "wet wall" of the room. The walls of the room may be either partially finished or completely finished at the time of assembly of the facility. The interface unit provides a unique template for locating the positions of, and for installing the components of the facility. By extending the powder room assemblage to include a bathtub and shower section, a unique full bathroom may be assembled in a very short time according to the method of the invention by persons of limited skills.