Method of and apparatus for the shock-wave forming of metallic and other workpieces in which an electrical discharge in a liquid produces a shock wave, preferably in a power jet directed against the workpiece. The discharge is produced between a pair of permanent electrodes with a gap between them temporarily bridged at least in part by a fusible conductor. The electrical supply preferably includes at least one high-voltage, low-current source for initiating the discharge and at least one high-current, low-voltage source for sustaining the discharge thereafter. Control of the power jet is effected by fluidic methods using transverse jets of the same or another fluid, preferably under the control of a programmer.
The present application is a continuation-in-part of my application Ser. No. 735,760 filed June 10, 1968 (now U.S. Pat. No. 3,566,647) as a continuation-in-part of my application Ser. No. 574,056 filed Aug. 22, 1966 (now abandoned but replaced by application Ser. No. 64,104) as a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 311,061 of Sept. 24, 1963, since issued as U.S. Pat. No. 3,276,558 and application Ser. No. 508,487 filed Nov. 18, 1965; of my aforementioned application Ser. No. 508,487 (now U.S. Pat. No. 3,512,384) filed Nov. 18, 1965 as continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 41,080 of July 6, 1960, since issued as U.S. Pat. No. 3,232,085; of my aforementioned application Ser. No. 574,056 filed Aug. 22, 1966; and of my copending application Ser. No. 696,757 (now U.S. Pat. No. 3,552,653) filed Jan. 10, 1968 as a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 574,056 of Aug. 22, 1966 and Ser. No. 629,633 filed Apr. 10, 1967 now U.S. Pat. No. 3,461,268.
Priority Data
Aug 17, 1968 [JA] 43/58749 Oct 11, 1968 [JA] 43/73973 Oct 11, 1968 [JA] 43/73974 Jun 10, 1969 [JA] 44/45531 Jun 10, 1969 [JA] 44/45532 Jan 31, 1969 [JA] 44/8455
A system and method for accomplishing localized feature forming in a sheet of material and/or the localized joining of multiple sheets of material. The system and method may also be used to attach a secondary component to a sheet of material. The system and method of the present invention employs a die having a shaped cavity for receiving a portion of the sheet material. A projectile is propelled from a projectile firing device to impact the sheet or sheets of material in the area overlying the subjacent die cavity. The projectile forces a portion of the sheet material into the die cavity, imparting a shape thereto. The kinetic energy transferred from the projectile to the sheet material may be used to form a metallurgical bond between multiple sheets of material. The metallurgical bond can be used alone to join the sheets, or may be used in conjunction with an interlocking shape to provide extra strength.
A system and method for accomplishing localized feature forming in a sheet of material and/or the localized joining of multiple sheets of material. The system and method may also be used to attach a secondary component to a sheet of material. The system and method of the present invention employs a die having a shaped cavity for receiving a portion of the sheet material. A projectile is propelled from a projectile firing device to impact the sheet or sheets of material in the area overlying the subjacent die cavity. The projectile forces a portion of the sheet material into the die cavity, imparting a shape thereto. The kinetic energy transferred from the projectile to the sheet material may be used to form a metallurgical bond between multiple sheets of material. The metallurgical bond can be used alone to join the sheets, or may be used in conjunction with an interlocking shape to provide extra strength.
A vacuum deposit device for use in producing thin film depositions. A metallic mass is accelerated along a pair of rail-type electrodes. The discharge current passing through the mass during acceleration is controlled as to magnitude and time duration to insure that the magnetic pinch pressure produced by the current exceeds the thermal expansion pressure of the mass thereby maintaining the mass in a solid, non-vapor state during acceleration. The device permits control over mass exit velocities and permits deposition areas of well defined shoulders.
An electrospray and/or atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometer includes an evacuated chamber, a sampling region within which is maintained a pressure greater than in the evacuation chamber, a sampling orifice that communicates between the sampling region and the evacuation chamber, and a mass analyzer that receives charged particles along a first axis through the sampling orifice from the sampling region into the evacuated chamber. A plurality of charged-particle jet generators, each having an associated jet axis, are adapted to be alternatively, selectively aligned such that a respective jet axis intersects with the first axis associated with the mass analyzer. This alignment is performed through the use of a hollow member which functions to guide charged particles through the sampling orifice to the evacuated chamber and, subsequently, to the mass analyzer.
