A self draining valve member for use with a water line of an underground water distribution system. The valve member comprises a cylindrical housing having screw threads formed on at least a portion of the outer surface thereof, with the screw threads being adapted to engage a threaded fitting on the water line. The housing has an inner chamber comprising first and second bores extending axially inward from the opposite ends of the housing. The chamber has a transverse wall which divides the chamber into two sub-chambers. A drain bore extends through the transverse wall to extablish flow communication between the two sub-chambers. Respective valve heads are positioned in the sub-chambers, with a valve stem extending through the drain bore and connecting the valve heads. A flange projects circumferentially from one end of the housing, and a hollow cylindrical hood extends from the flange away from the housing. Internal screw threads are formed on at least a portion of the internal surface of the hood, and a threaded plug engages the internal threads from the open end of the hood such that one end of the threaded plug can be screwed tightly against the end of the housing. An opening is provided through the threaded plug to establish flow communication between the housing and the cylindrical hood. A porous filter element is sealed between the housing and the threaded plug when the threaded plug is screwed against the second end of the conduit.

The infiltrative capacity and fluid storage capacity of leaching trenches, beds, and pits (collectively called leaching "fields" herein) are increased by means of fluid accumulators placed within the field and spaced from the side and bottom walls thereof by infill (crushed stone, gravel stone, etc.). Effluent discharged to the field accumulates in the infill until it exceeds a predetermined level with respect to the accumulators and then proceeds to fill the accumulators. When the effluent level in the infill later subsides, effluent is discharged from the accumulators into the infill for drainage into the soil.

An autonomous plant watering and growth enhancement apparatus for arid climatic regions may include a solar powered Peltier unit or absorption cycle atmospheric vapor condensation module, to deliver a supply of water to a storage module. The stored water is supplied to a subsurface, site-specific delivery system located intimately with a target plant. The apparatus preferably utilizes fuzzy logic supervision provided with local sensing means and historical vapor pressure maps to control and predict water usage while controllably supplementing the delivered water with nutrients and anti-transpirants as needed.

The present disclosure relates to an improved nursing bottle, particularly furnished with an elongated pipette in assembly associated with a partition board having four symmetrically-disposed discharge holes thereon, each equipped with a one-way openable valve cap; both are received in a bottle and disposed under a conventional nipple-mounted cap, so that the fluid contained therein can be sucked out by a child either in a lying or standing position.

A liquid sprinkler having a substantially hemispherical shaped head at the upper end of a vertical rise pipe. The head is spaced above an area to be watered and has a plurality of nozzles on the hemispherical surface which are sized and positioned to afford even water distribution over the watered area.