Drugs which are suitable for such therapy in treatment of narcotic drug addiction by oral use, e.g., methadone, are formulated to prevent injection abuse through concentration of the active component in aqueous solution by incorporating in a solid dosage or tablet form of such drug an ingestible solid precipitating agent for said active component, preferably in association with at least one ingestible solid having thickening properties which causes rapid increase in viscosity upon concentration of an aqueous solution thereof. Formulating alkali insoluble amine-containing drugs in a dosage form that provides an alkaline reaction serves to inhibit its abuse.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 133,344, filed Apr. 12, 1971 for the instant inventors, now abandoned.
A compound of the following formula ##STR1## wherein: X is H, OH, or halogen group; Y is OH, amino or halogen group; Z is OH, amino or halogen group; M is CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 PO.sub.4, CH.sub.2 Cl, CH.sub.2 Br, CH.sub.2 Fl, or CH.sub.2 1 group, and R is H.sub.2 or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, when employed in pharmaceutically acceptable quantities alleviate the drug withdrawal syndrome from drug dependent warm blooded animals. A particular compound found suitable for this purpose is 1-(2-methyl-3-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-4-pyridyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tet rahydroisoquinoline.
The present invention relates to a method of using a bioassay consisting of an electrophysiological method and a cell culture system of dorsal-root ganglion (DRG) neurons to screen and identify opioids with a high potential for use as "low- or non-addictive" analgesics. Another aspect of the invention relates to a specific group of opioid alkaloids and analogues thereof identified by the bioassay of the invention for the unique ability to activate only inhibitory, but not excitatory, opioid receptor function, for use as low- or non-addictive analgesics. Another aspect of the invention relates to the specific use of etorphine or dihydroetorphine of the opioid alkaloid family as low- or non-addictive analgesics and for the treatment of opioid addiction.
Enteral pharmaceutical compositions containing medicinal agents having parenteral abuse potential are rendered resistant to aqueous extraction through the incorporation of a sufficient amount of a nontoxic, water gelable material. Attempts to extract the medicinal agent for parenteral abuse are thus inhibited or prevented since the material gels in the presence of water leaving no filterable liquid.
A dosage form which rapidly disintegrates in the mouth and forms a viscous slurry of either microcapsules or a powder is described. The rapidly disintegrating dosage form is meant for direct oral administration by placing a tablet or capsule in the mouth of a patient. Upon disintegration, a viscosity of the resulting slurry increases so as to form an organoleptically pleasant viscous material which retards the spread of insoluble materials including the drug.
The present invention features methods and articles of manufacture for treating nicotine withdrawal symptoms and promoting smoking cessation. The methods and articles feature the administration of an effective amount of a nicotine substitute and monitor the presence of nicotine in the biological sample of such subject with a nicotine detection system.
