An orthogonal type gas laser oscillator is constructed in such a manner that a laser medium gas is caused to flow through an exciting region for the laser oscillation to perform the laser oscillation on the optical axis which runs in the direction orthogonal to the flowing direction of the laser medium gas; the exciting region is provided independently in even number and the flowing direction of the laser medium gas in one half of the exciting region and the flowing direction of the laser medium gas in the remaining half of the exciting region are mutually opposed.

A window for use with high energy laser (HEL) systems utilizes a combination of window and cooled mirror technologies. The present window is adapted to receive an elongated focus beam at one or more adjacent diamond plates. The plates are positioned in base members by peripheral edges thereof. Heat generated by the absorption of radiation from the beam is transferred directly to heat exchangers in the base members through the peripheral edges. The geometry of the window ensures that heat transfer is bidirectional. The very short distance the heat must travel results in a very small rise in temperature of the window with a correspondingly small amount of optical distortion.

A method and apparatus for quantum computing. A computer-program source code, data, and unsubstantiated output variables are converted into a class of computable functions by a program compiler. The computable functions are encoded, and a continualization method is applied to the encoded functions to determine a first-order, time-dependent, differential equation. Variational calculus is employed to construct a Lagrangian whose minimum geodesic is the solution for the first-order, time-dependent, differential equation. The Lagrangian is converted into a quantum, canonical, Hamiltonian operator which is realized as an excitation field via an excitation generator. The excitation field is repeatedly applied to a quantum processor consisting of a lattice of polymer nodes to generate an intensity-versus-vibrational-frequency spectrum of the lattice nodes. The average vibrational spectrum intensity values are used as coefficients in an approximating polynomial of the encoding function to determine the substantiated output variables, or program output.

A solid state laser includes a diamond crystal as a medium of laser beam emission, which generates a laser beam having a wavelength of 225 to 300 nm through exciton light emission.

A power laser has a cavity (2) delimited at its opposite ends by a first partially transmitting window (3) and a second reflecting window ( 4). The first window (3) is constituted by at least one diamond wafer (5) with uncoated flat parallel surfaces, having a controlled thickness whose variations do not exceed 0.2 micron. The diamond wafer (5; 6) is mounted in an annular support (9; 10) of material which is a good heat conductor and is provided with a cooler (11; 12). The window (3) can comprise two parallel wafers (5.sub.A, 5.sub.B) of diamond separated by a calibrated distance (14) which is an uneven multiple of .lambda./4n, .lambda. being the laser wavelength and n the index of refraction of the medium between the wafers. Or the second window (4) can also be constituted by a diamond wafer (6) with a reflective metallic coating (60). A sweeping gas can be blown over the internal surface of at least one of the windows.