A pintle hook hitch having an outwardly upwardly curved, fixed horn, an outwardly extending pivotal latch arm movable between a lower, closed condition over the horn, and a raised open condition, the body having a jamb face for engagement by a lock, a primary lock pivotally shiftable between a lowered and locked position for abutment with the jamb face, and an unlocked position pivotally raised away from the jamb face, a vertical spring biasing the lock toward the lowered lock position, the primary lock also being laterally shiftable with a push button pivot pin between a first lateral position and a second lateral position, a lateral spring biasing the primary lock laterally toward the first lateral position. To pivotally open the latch arm, it is necessary to perform a three-step process of first pushing the second pivot pin laterally via the push button against the lateral spring bias to laterally shift the primary lock, then lift the primary lock against the bias of the vertical spring, and then lift the latch arm.

A trailer coupling has a removable unitary coupler-receiving element that includes both a ball configured to receive a spherical cavity coupler and a cylindrical neck configured to receive a drawbar eye. A latch is movable about a vertical axis between a closed position, where it engages the coupler-receiving element, and prevents removal of the eye from the neck, and an open position where it is separated from the coupler-receiving element and permits use of the ball. A locking mechanism locks the latch in its closed position and holds it against free movement from its open position. A trigger located in a finger-receiving cavity in the latch releases the locking mechanism. Because the latch rotates about a vertical axis, it can have a low profile and not extend substantially above the ball in the orientation.

The locking mechanism of the present invention is comprised of a pawl which is rotatable to a locking position, where it contacts the latch which covers the pintle that carries the trailer drawbar. The pawl has a central cavity which contains a pair of rotatably mounted prongs that normally extend outwardly from the sides of the pawl but which can be placed into the cavity when manually deflected. When the pawl is in its locking position, against the latch, the prongs extend into notches in the side walls of the body of the coupling and thereby prevent the pawl from being lifted off of the latch. A cam, which is rotatably mounted on the bolt which journals the pawl, has paired plates which fit behind the prongs and prevent them from being deflected into the cavity. Thus, before the prongs can be deflected and thereafter the pawl lifted to unlock the latch, the cam must be rotated to a position where its faces are moved away from the prongs.

An adaptor assembly for converting a pintle hook hitch to a ball-and-socket type is disclosed. The assembly comprises a cylindrical bar of sufficient length that is closely received through the eyelet of the pintle hook hitch and a base plate which is affixed along the length of the bar and extends directly therefrom. The base plate includes a first aperture centrally located to accommodate the hook and closure members of the pintle hook and a second aperture spaced near the rear of the base plate to receive the ball member of a ball-and-socket hitch. Threaded bolts are placed through each end section of the bar and are directly threaded through the rear mounting of a towing vehicle to which the pintle hook hitch is mounted.

An improved trailer hitch is disclosed for coupling a towing vehicle and a trailer. The invention is suitable for accommodating both ball and socket-type couplings and ring and pintle-type couplings. The integral body of the trailer hitch has the known elements of a rear mount for attaching the body to a towing vehicle, a ball housing with a bore for mounting a removable ball stud, a plate for mating with a towed vehicle, and a passge for connecting a latching arm. The improvement comprises four elements. First, the latching arm has a head, having a front face and a rear face, and a pair of substantially parallel legs integrally attached to opposite sides of the head and extending beyond the faces of the head. Each leg has an aperture for mating with the passage of the integral body and engaging a pin. Second, to prevent rotation of the latching arm, a notch on the integral body seats the rear face of the latching arm. Third, a pin is provided for insertion through the apertures of the legs and the passage of the integral body to lock the latching arm in place. This pin engages the final element of the improvement: a locking device prevents the pin from disengaging the apertures and passage. By including an insert into the passage of the integral body, the latching arm can attain multiple fixed positions and the hitch can accommodate a variety of different sized ball couplings.