An electro-optical display, utilizing the field effect display, includes a thin layer of liquid crystal material positioned between two plates having electrically conductive segments. The material is a mixture of a selected stilbene, such as trans-4-n-butyl-alpha-chloro-4'-ethoxystilbene and a selected substituted benzylideneaminobenzonitrile, such as p-ethoxy-benzylidene-p'-aminobenzonitrile.
Light-polarizing films or sheets, preferably based on vinyl alcohol homopolymers or copolymers contain dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## in which X and Y have the meanings given in the description.
A liquid crystal composition for field effect display devices, comprising a nematic liquid crystal composition having a substantially positive dielectric anisotropy and at least one of o-terphenyl and m-terphenyl. This composition sufficiently functions at 2 V, because the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition can be made about 1.5 V.
A liquid crystal color display panel using a mosaic color filter and a twisted nematic liquid crystal layer arranged between a pair of linear polarizers and driven by a mosaic array of dot electrodes. An auxiliary glass plate quite thin in thickness is bonded onto the mosaic color filter built on the inner surface of a transparent plate, and the mosaic array of dot electrodes is formed on the inner surface of the auxiliary glass plate. With this structure, the liquid crystal layer and the mosaic color filter are separated only by the extremely thin auxiliary glass plate, and, therefore, a color disregistration due to parallax is minimized. The fragile auxiliary glass plate is reinforced by the strong back transparent plate.
New anisotropic compounds with a cross-polarizing substituent have the formula (1) ##STR1## The increase in .epsilon..perp. is achieved by the polarizing group X, preferably the cyano group or a halogen atom, which is not laterally on the ring, as with the known compounds, but is on the bridge, that is to say is part of the main bridge bonding rings A and B to one another. Ring A has the formula (1a) or (1b) given herein and is always cycloaliphatic, while ring B can be identical to ring A or is an aromatic ring of the formula (1c) or (1d) herein. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different end groups of the formula (1e) herein. The radical X on the bridge causes less widening of the molecule than a radical X on a ring, which provides comparatively higher clear points and moreover enables aromatic rings to be omitted from the anisotropic compounds.
