The present invention relates to a method and device for the processing of organic substances, particularly the preparation of comestibles such as potatoes, with direct passage of electric current in an electrolyte. The method is distinguished in that the electric characteristics of the current passage processing, e.g. the voltage applied, are varied during the processing period and that the processing is divided into a number of stages with mutually dissimilar electric characteristics. The device is chiefly characterized by transporting means which convey a plurality of vessels filled with electrolyte and the substance to be treated, a filling station for filling said vessels with electrolyte and the substance to be processed, a processing path along which the transporting means convey the vessels and where said vessels are subjected to processing, current supply means which are electrically connectable with the electrolyte in the vessels on the processing path and control means which vary the electric characteristics of the current passage processing for each vessel while said vessel is moving along said processing path. In a further method, the applied voltage to the electrodes is intermittently interrupted and the electrodes for a continuous processing machine may be subdivided, the sections being alternately connected with the current supply in such a manner that all sections are never simultaneously connected to the current supply.
An electroconductive heater for heating a liquid product such as a liquid whole egg product which has a conductivity which increases with temperature, is disclosed. The electroconductive heater comprises an enclosed chamber defining a liquid product flow space, the enclosed chamber having an upstream end portion, a downstream end portion, and first and second electrically conductive plates positioned opposite one another in spaced relationship with the liquid product flow space therebetween. The first and second electrically conductive plates longitudinally extend from the upstream end portion to the downstream end portion. The chamber has a characteristic resistivity of the electrical pathway between the first electrically conductive plate and the second electrically conductive plate which is greater in the downstream end portion than in the upstream end portion. Apparatus and methods of using such electroconductive heaters are also disclosed.
A continuous process for making fat-free potato chips without using any cooking oil whatsoever. Chipping potatoes are prepared, sliced, continuously monolayered onto a conveyer and squeegeed to remove the excess starch and moisture. The slices are initial cooked on independently controlled conveyers in a primary 3-zone oven where they are first radiant heated and then subjected to two stages of forced air convection heating by driving the air into both surfaces of the slices simultaneously as the moisture content is reduced to 15%. The slices are then final cooked in a dielectric heater where an even controlled heat is applied in two tandem drying zones where the potato slices are subjected to long wavelength (65.8 ft.) radio frequency (15 mhz) waves from two 20 kw transmitters which reduce the moisture content of the finished slices to 7%. The finished potato chips are seasoned and packaged and have the texture, appearance and mouthfeel of deep-fat fried potato chips.
A continuous process for making fat-free potato chips without using any cooking oil whatsoever. Chipping potatoes are prepared, sliced, continuously monolayered onto a conveyer and squeegeed to remove the excess starch and moisture. The slices are initial cooked on independently controlled conveyers in a primary 3-zone oven where they are first radiant heated and then subjected to two stages of forced air convection heating by driving the air into both surfaces of the slices simultaneously as the moisture content is reduced to 15%. The slices are then final cooked in a dielectric heater where an even controlled heat is applied in two tandem drying zones where the potato slices are subjected to long wavelength (65.8 ft.) radio frequency (15 mhz) waves from two 20 kw transmitters which reduce the moisture content of the finished slices to 7%. The finished potato chips are seasoned and packaged and have the texture, appearance and mouthful of deep-fat fried potato chips.
