This disclosure relates to packing elements for fluid-fluid contact apparatus of the packed tower type. The packing elements comprise open-ended tubular members of any desired cross-sectional configuration having a maximum transverse dimension or diameter greater than its width in the axial direction, and having one or more protuberances or ribs extending inwardly from the inside wall of the member. Additionally, the overall length of the packing element is at least as great as the diameter of the tubular portion thereof, and none of the protuberances extend the whole of the length of the packing element.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a division of copending application Ser. No. 445,961, filed Feb. 26, 1974, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,957,931, which, in turn, was a continuation of Ser. No. 209,969, filed Dec. 20, 1971, now abandoned.
Priority Data
Dec 18, 1970 [UK] 60280/70 Oct 04, 1971 [UK] 46165/71
A method for water purification in which waste water is fed into a reactor containing carriers having a biofilm which promotes a desired conversion of impurities, using carriers which are particulate elements having a larger surface than smooth elements of the same dimension and having a density in the range 0.90 to 1.20, normally 0.92 till 0.98, particularly 0.92 to 0.96 kg/dm.sup.3, wherein the carriers with biofilm are kept suspended in the water in a reactor for aerobic, anoxic or anaerobic water purification, comprising inlet and outlet tubes and optionally mixing means, and containing a large number of carriers for biofilm. This reactor is also comprised by the present invention.
A method for water purification in which waste water is fed into a reactor containing carriers having a biofilm which promotes a desired conversion of impurities, using carriers which are particulate elements having a larger surface than smooth elements of the same dimension and having a density in the range 0.90 to 1.20, normally 0.92 till 0.98, particularly 0.92 to 9.96 kg/dm.sup.3, wherein the carriers with biofilm are kept suspended in the water in a reactor for aerobic, anoxic or anaerobic water purification, comprising inlet and outlet tubes and optionally mixing means, and containing a large number of carriers for biofilm. This reactor is also comprised by the present invention.
A packing element having a cylindrical outer cover (11) with at least one guiding surface (16, 20, 21) of holohedral construction and dividing the outer cover (11) into several subspaces (19). The outer cover (11) has web ribs (12), running in the longitudinal direction of the cover, and annular ribs (13), running perpendicularly to the web ribs, thus forming approximately square net openings (14).
The invention provides highly deformation resistant Lessing rings made in two parts. The first part comprises a metal strip bent into a ring shape with the contacting ends provided with projections and indentations which fit together to form a complete ring. The ends are held together using an anchor strut which has projecting tabs at both ends. The tabs fit into cooperating slots located in the projections at the ends of the bent strip and at the midpoint of the bent metal strip. The tabs are bent over to locate all parts rigidly in place.
A tower packing element for use in towers for distillations, gas absorptions and related mass transfer operations. The base of the element has a surface contour which is generated by the rotation of a two-dimensional curve having reverse curvature through an approximate angle range of from ten to one hundred and eighty degrees around a straight line which lies within the plane of said curve. The base is further provided with slots and depending tongues.
