An improved asphalt emulsion composition comprises an oil phase having minor amounts of gilsonite and naphtha and a major amount of asphalt, and a water phase having water and a small amount of a cationic emulsifying agent, wherein the ratio between the oil and water phases is between about 1:1 and 2:1 by weight respectively, the asphalt having a distillation residue penetration of less than 40 dmm at 77.degree. F (25.degree. C).
A base stock composition comprises a blend of gilsonite, asphalt and a rubber latex residue. The base stock may be used alone as a paving material or emulsified to form a gilsonite emulsion having a variety of uses.
It has been discovered that a synthetic flux oil can contain and deliver asphaltites, such as gilsonite, more easily and readily to an asphalt to improve its properties. The synthetic flux oil includes the asphaltite and a carrier oil. Depending on the nature of the carrier oil, the synthetic flux oil may or may not need to be heated during mixing and incorporation into the asphalt.
Fast-breaking bituminous emulsions are prepared by using a liquid emulsifying agent obtained by condensation at a temperature of 160.degree.-180.degree. C. of diethylenetriamine and a C.sub.12-18 fatty acid having an iodine value of at least 25, followed by at least partial cyclization of the condensation product at a temperature between approximately 190.degree. and 240.degree. C., the initial molar ratio between the diethylenetriamine and the fatty acid being at least 5 to 1, and the end product having a total amine index of at least 5.6 and optionally containing up to 10% free diethylenetriamine.
Emulsion compositions containing substantial amounts of gilsonite consist essentially of a gilsonite phase consisting of a mixture of between about 33 and about 95% gilsonite, and a petroleum hydrocarbon having a boiling point above about 200.degree. F., and a water phase consisting essentially of water and a small amount of emulsifying agent. The emulsifying agent may include a surface active clay.
