Switch means on the frame of a forging device senses when the ram and piston enter a first zone of a pneumatic cushion during retraction to initiate timing. If a predetermined time has expired before the ram leaves the first zone, the fluid inlet valve is opened. If not, switch means senses when the ram and piston enter a second zone to initiate a second timing. If a second predetermined time expires before the ram leaves the second zone, the fluid inlet valve is opened. If not, switch means senses when the ram and piston enter a third zone, and after a predetermined time the fluid inlet valve is opened. Thus, by sensing ram position and measuring time ram remains within each zone, the effective upward velocity (distance/time) is measured and adaptive controls applied.
6102133 - RAM - Owned by Delmag Maschinenfabrik Reinhold Dornfeld GmbH & Co. (DE)
For selective operation in a Diesel mode and a pressure air mode a Diesel type pile hammer is additionally equipped with a pressure air accumulator, which is connected to the working space of the cylinder by a servo valve.
A forging hammer employs compressible fluid to drive the ram into impact and a trapped volume of compressible fluid to cause the ram to be retracted from impact position when fluid driving the ram into impact is released. The velocity of impact is adjusted by the timing of the opening of a valve allowing variable amounts of compressed fluid into a cylinder from a compressible fluid supply. Various means are provided to sense one or more of following: pressure of the compressible inlet fluid, residual velocity of the ram at the position at which the at least one inlet port is uncovered by the piston, position of the piston at the time of fluid admission and pressure of the lifting fluid. The sensed parameters are correlated in connection with predetermined criteria. This correlation is used to determine a range of possible kinetic energy at impact and that range is compared with a preselected kinetic input demand. Adjustments are then made at the valve means so that the anticipated kinetic energy will be at the preselected level at ram impact.
Described is an apparatus for the cold-forming, in particular for the cold extrusion of a workpiece, which has a die (3) and a feeding device (5) by means of which a relative motion can be produced between the workpiece (2) and the die (3). It is provided that the apparatus (1; 1') has a frequency generating device (10) working together with the feeding device (5) by means of which the relative motion between workpiece (2) and die (3), produced by the feeding device (5), can be modulated in such a way that after a forward stroke, in which the workpiece (2) and/or the die (3) is moved a first stroke length in the direction of feed (P), in a subsequent reverse stroke, a movement of the die (3) and/or of the workpiece (2) by a second stroke length can be carried out in a direction contrary to the direction of feed (P).
A die forging hammer senses the pressure of striking air and the pressure of lifting air from within the cylinder as well as ram start position. Various empirical information is stored and available to a computer which uses the inputs to compute velocity, ram position, rebound velocity and other pieces of information. In order to use the lifting air data, sequential pressure measurements are made by a microprocessor and stored for analysis and for use in deriving from stored empirical information about machine characteristics ram velocity and related information. Three types of systems are interwoven and may be used separately or simultaneously to control the blow control system. The blow control system itself compares input desired results with computed actual results and enables changes to valve timing to bring the actual into conformity with the desired. The adaptive system derives such information as actual velocity and energy, compares them with the corresponding desired results and makes immediate correction to valve timing in the course of the same blow. The self-regulating system stores information from a sequence of blows and makes a correction when it senses a trend away from the desired input. The process adaptive control senses factors such as forging temperature and forging deformation, which are factors related to the forging process, compares them with norms and make corrections to the valve timing to achieve desired results. Different programs are employed, preferably using algorithms applicable to the equipment in processes to derive desired output or intermediate information.
The device comprises a stamping member (2) arranged to be conveyed towards and hit a material body (1) with such a velocity that a rebound motion of the stamping member (2) is generated while a permanent deformation of the material body (1) is generated. The device has structure (3) for counteracting the rebound and generating at least one additional impact of the stamping member (2) against the material body (1) within a period, during which kinetic energy in the material body (1) generates an additional deformation in the body.
