In a liquid crystal display device of the twisted nematic type comprising upper and lower substrates, upper and lower transparent electrodes formed on the inner surfaces of respective substrates, a liquid crystal interposed between the upper and lower electrodes with its molecules oriented in a twisted arrangement, each of the upper and lower electrodes is constituted by a plurality of electrode segments, and the upper electrode segments are displaced toward lower edge of the display with respect to the corresponding lower electrode segments.
A field effect mode liquid crystal display element displaying dot matrix pattern includes a cut-out portion formed either in the upper or lower electrode so that liquid crystal display molecules can be prevented from being inversely oriented at the edge of such a portion where these electrodes cross each other as might otherwise occur. The cutout portion prevents the liquid crystal display molecules from being inversely oriented at the edge of such a portion where these electrodes cross each other, thus significantly improving display quality. In addition, since such a cutout portion is provided by merely cutting off part of an electrode to prevent the unwanted inversion of LCD molecules during orientation, no specific signal process is required.
A liquid crystal cell comprising a cholesteric liquid crystal (3) between parallel plates (1, 2) as used e.g. for optical filters. The previously unavoidable interference through faulty disinclination is eliminated in that the cholesteric liquid crystal is mixed with a nematic or smectic liquid crystal material having negative dielectric anisotropy and the cell is subjected to an electric field directed at right angles to the plates.
A dot matrix type liquid crystal display device having two groups of mutually crossing parallel electrodes sandwiching a liquid crystal layer, the electrodes of one group having an aperture at each electrode crossing area along the direction of and centrally at the electrode of the other group. The electric field at the aperture portion is constantly slanted to a predetermined direction to present uniform and wide stable display areas.
Disclosed is a liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal layer, a pair of substrates holding the liquid crystal layer therebetween and having two sets of crossed electrodes formed thereon, a pair of crossed polarizers provided outside the substrates and having polarization axes parallel to the electrodes respectively, and an orientation means for making the liquid crystal molecules orient to the intermediate direction of the crossed polarizers at the commencement of voltage application. The orientation means is selected form pretilt, fringe electric field, combinations thereof, etc. In the beginning of voltage application, no leakage light is generated even if the liquid crystal molecules are tilted by a fringe electric field in the vicinity of the edges of the electrodes.
A method for detecting an electric field surrounding an electrical component with a device having a liquid crystal display element, the device being positioned at a distance from the component and being unconnected ohmically to either the component or ground.
