A magnetic recording device includes a magnetic latent image on a latent image carrier and a developing device for moving a magnetic recording color microcapsule onto the magnetic latent image carrier, the microcapsule including a colored material covered with an outer wall and a magnetic material disposed on the outer wall. A transfer device transfers the colored material in the microcapsule on the latent image carrier onto a recording medium as the magnetic material disposed on the outer wall of the microcapsule substantially remains attracted to the magnetic latent image. A demagnetizing device demagnetizes the magnetic latent image on the latent image carrier, and a cleaner cleans off from the latent image carrier the magnetic material which substantially remained attracted to the magnetic latent image when the colored material was transferred onto the recording medium.

A device for treatment of ferromagnetic materials comprising means for developing a magnetic field of a selected intensity, duration, and cycle, which field is passed through materials to be processed, such as cutting tools and drill bits that have been sharpened or resharpened and other parts that have internal stresses. The magnetic field through the material provides stress relief of the stresses from welding, forming, heating cooling or sharpening or loading. The treatment increases surface wear resistance, decreases the coefficient of friction on the surfaces that are so treated, and increases the strength and modulus of elasticity. In certain types of materials, an increase in the surface concentration of such alloying metals such as wolfram, molybdenum, and tungsten, as well as oxygen and carbon is achieved. The structure comprises a coil and a controlled source of electrical power that generates a magnetic field for achieving the desired results.

An application-ready electrophoresis material includes a carrier and a dispersion of microcapsules therein, the microcapsules each containing a plurality of phases therein. At least some of the phases contrast visually and and exhibit differential responsiveness to an electric field, such that application of the field determines the visual appearance of the microcapsules. The material exhibits stability such the visual appearance persists despite removal of the field. In one aspect, the invention provides for enhanced stability of the visual appearance. In another aspect, the reflectivity of at least one of the phases is enhanced. In another aspect, one of the phases is particulate in nature and emits visible radiation.

An electrophoretic display has a substantially two-dimensional arrangement of microcapsules each having therein an electrophoretic composition of a dielectric fluid and a suspension of particles that visually contrast with the dielectric liquid and also exhibit surface charges; a pair of electrodes, at least one of which is visually transparent, disposed on and covering opposite sides of the microcapsule arrangement; and means for creating a potential difference between the two electrodes, the potential difference causing the particles to migrate toward one of the electrodes. The display may be powered by one or more piezoelectric elements, which are also suitable for powering other types of nonemissive displays.

A method of making isolated particles including the step of at least substantially encapsulating particles present in a highly dispersed colloidal suspension with an encapsulant material, such that the encapsulated particles remain independent and discrete upon separation from the suspension. Also, independent and discrete particles at least substantially encapsulated with the encapsulant material.