Catalytic ortho-alkylation process which comprises reacting a phenolic compound with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst composite comprising a calcination residue derived from a catalyst preform prepared from an admixture of (1) a magnesium carbonate and/or magnesium hydroxide, (2) a manganese compound, and (3) a complex of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) and a solvent selected from dichloromethane, dibromomethane, bromochloromethane and mixtures thereof.
This application is a continuation of co-pending application Ser. No. 309,355 filed Oct. 7, 1981, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 182,679 filed Aug. 29, 1980.
A method of making a catalyst comprising mixing a metal oxide precursor and a pore former to form a metal oxide precursor mixture and calcining the metal oxide precursor mixture in the presence of a flowing gas having a flow rate to form the catalyst comprising metal oxide. The catalyst comprises a first distribution of pores having a median pore diameter of 10 to 50 angstroms and a second distribution of pores having a median pore diameter of 1 to 500 angstroms. The median pore diameter of the second distribution of pores is inversely related to the flow rate of the gas.
A continuous process comprising: contacting a mixture comprising dihydroxy aromatic compound, water and an alkylating agent with a catalyst system in the presence of a flowing carrier gas, to form a mono alkylated dihydroxy aromatic compound, wherein the catalyst system is obtained by the calcination of a catalyst precursor system comprising a metal oxide precursor, a transition metal element and a pore former.
An alkylation method comprises reacting a hydroxy aromatic compound with an alkyl alcohol in the presence of an alkylation catalyst comprising a metal oxide wherein the alkylation catalyst, has a surface area to volume ratio of about 950 to about 4,000 m.sup.2/m.sup.3, an aspect ratio of about 0.7 to about 1.0 or a combination of the foregoing.
An alkylation catalyst comprises a metal oxide wherein the catalyst has a surface area to volume ratio of about 950 m.sup.2/m.sup.3 to about 4000 m.sup.2/m.sup.3.
