A smoking article which comprises a rod of smoking material contained within a wrapper has an air-permeability in a range of from 20 to about 120 Coresta units and is provided in the region of the mouth end, with ventilation means to give a degree of ventilation of 15 to 90%, the ratio of carbon-monoxide yield to tar yield of the smoking article being significantly less than 0.9. If the article has a tip means, the ventilation means may be provided, at least partially, in the tip means. The smoking material may include a high proportion of lamina-leaf tobacco having a relatively high nicotine content. Tobacco in the smoking material, possibly including stem tobacco, is coarsely cut or shredded. The smoking material may include up to 60% of expanded tobacco. The wrapper may contain an addition of a burn-promoting agent.
A filter tip cigarette comprising a rod of smoking material having an inner wrapper of sidestream reducing paper containing carbon as part of its total filler content and an outer overwrapping cigarette paper, and a ventilated filter tip of low efficiency / high pressure drop which provides a mainstream CO / "tar" ratio of 1:0 or less in conjunction with the filter ventilation.
This invention relates to a method of controlling the "tar" delivery of cigarette smoke and more particularly to the method of controlling "tar" delivery of the non-filter cigarette while maintaining resistance to draw and other parameters of the cigarette at acceptable levels.
The vented filter cigarette is produced by combining a filter having a highly air-permeable circumferential surface and a tipping paper having a plurality of pores. The tipping paper has an embossment in the area of the pores formed therein. The embossment serves to create a slight gap between the tipping paper and the circumferential surface of the filter, by which the tightness therebetween is loosened. Thus, the filter ventilation is increased, and the variation in the degree of the ventilation can be reduced.
A sternum closure device for securing parts of severed sternum, such as a human sternum following surgery. The device includes an anvil, capable of forming staples, a bracket positioned opposite the anvil, an instrument for creating openings in the sternum and a mechanism for feeding, mounting and applying the staples. The bracket is joined with the anvil through a displacement mechanism. The instrument for forming opening is designed as a bit brace having a reducing gear and two chucks, to enable concurrent drilling of openings in both severed parts of the severed sternum. The mechanism for feeding and mounting the staples comprises a ribbed bed, a cartridge containing staples and an instrument for mounting the staples.
A novel reconstituted tobacco sheet material is provided which is useful in providing a novel smoking product which has a smoking quality closely approximating that of cigarettes having conventional paper wrappers. The reconstituted tobacco sheet is prepared by a paper-making process in which the water-soluble material extracted in the paper-making process is not added back to the sheet, or if added back, to an extent of no more than 20 wt % of the reconstituted tobacco sheet. In the novel smoking product, a tobacco filler rod is enclosed within an outer wrapper, which usually comprises an inner binder layer and an outer wrapper layer, one or both formed of reconstituted tobacco sheet material. When the tobacco filler rod is double-wrapped, the novel smoking product also exhibits a significant reduction in sidestream smoking production in comparison to a conventionally-wrapped cigarette. The reconstituted tobacco sheet material has a porosity of at least about 50 Coresta units and contains about 0 to about 20 wt % of conventional chalk-type fillers.
