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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a laser irradiating apparatus, especially a laser
irradiating apparatus for medical purposes, and more particularly a laser
irradiating apparatus equipped with two pieces of laser light guides with
different applicable fields.
2. Description of the Prior Art
As is well known, interaction between a living body and laser beam greatly
depends upon the wavelength of the irradiation laser beam. So, appropriate
irradiation of plural kinds of working laser beams with different
wavelengths to affected parts of a living body enables much more effective
and appropriate operations against given symptoms than that of a single
laser beam only.
For instance, the use of YAG laser beams excellent in hemostasis and
coagulation in combination with CO.sub.2 laser beams excellent in incision
acts to inhibit further hemorrhage during the operation. It is known that
the same effect can be obtained when Ar laser beams are used in place of
YAG laser beams.
Accordingly, conventionally some apparatus in which plural kinds of working
laser beams with different wavelengths are simultaneously or optionally
selected for irradiation have been proposed. For instance, as disclosed in
the Japanese patent application Laid-Open No. 130145/81, an apparatus
equipped with a CO.sub.2 laser and a YAG laser, as working laser sources,
and two pieces of laser light guides is known.
In this conventional apparatus, one of the laser light guides is a light
guide for an articulated arm and irradiates CO.sub.2 laser beams and YAG
laser beams simultaneously or selectively. It goes without saying that
this light guide is used for general surgical operations. Also, the other
light guide is an optical fiber light guide and irradiates YAG laser beams
only. This light guide is incorporated in an endoscope device and used for
surgical operations under the endoscope visual field.
However, all the art apparatuses are concerned with the layout of the
optical system and do not teach any practical consideration required when
such apparatus are used for actual surgical operations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is the elimination of the
above-mentioned shortcomings of the conventional laser irradiating
apparatus. For this object, the present invention provides a laser
irradiating apparatus equipped with two pieces of light guides with
different applicable fields, in which some means to perform surgical
operations smoothly such as injection of assist gas are automatically
changed over according to a light guide to be used.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2a shows an optical path change-over device used in the present
invention.
FIG. 2b shows the operation of switches in the optical path change-over
device of FIG. 2a.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the
accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus 1 of the present
invention is provided with a first working laser source 2, a second
working laser source 3, a first guide light source 4 and a second guide
light source 5.
In the first working laser beam source 2, a CO.sub.2 laser resonator which
is excellent in incision capacity is used to output a first laser beam
201. On the other hand, in the second working laser beam source 3, a YAG
laser resonator is used to output a second laser beam 301. Also, in the
first guide light source 4, a He-Ne laser resonator is used to output a
first guide red light 401. In the second guide light source 5, a halogen
lamp is used to output a second guide white light 501.
Here, the second laser beam 301 and first guide light 401 are coaxially
mixed by means of a second mixing means 7. As clearly shown, the mixing
means 7 consists of a reflecting mirror 701 to reflect the first guide
light 401, and a dichroic mirror 702 to transmit the second laser beam 301
and reflect the first guide light 401. Both beams adjusted coaxially by
means of the mixing means 7 are output as a beam 302 as shown in the
figure.
Also, the first laser beam 201 and the beam 302 are coaxially mixed by a
mixing means 6. As shown in FIG. 1, the mixing means 6 consists of
reflecting mirrors 601 and 602 to reflect the first laser beam 201, a
reflecting mirror 604 to reflect the beam 302 and a dichroic mirror 603 to
transmit the first laser beam 201 and reflect the beam 302. Both beams are
adjusted coaxially by means of the mixing means 6 and are output as a beam
202 as shown in the FIG. 1.
The beam 202 is induced into an articulated arm light guide 10 to be
irradiated to a desired target. The light guide 10 is used for general
surgical operations. To the tip of the light guide 10, a handpiece 101
equipped with a condenser 101a is connected for condensing the beam 202. ,
To the handpiece 101, one end of a gas hose 15 is connected. To the other
end of the hose 15, a first assist gas cylinder 13 is connected. A
solenoid valve 18 is used to open or close a cylinder 13 in a state
described later. When the solenoid valve 18 is opened, a first assist gas
131 is sent under pressure into the handpiece 101 and blown off through a
tip opening. Though not illustrated, a pressure reducing valve is provided
between the cylinder 13 and the solenoid valve 18 to reduce the gas 131 to
an adequate pressure. .
For the first assist gas 131, N.sub.2 gas is used. As CO.sub.2 gas absorbs
the first laser beam 201 such as a CO.sub.2 laser beam, etc., CO.sub.2 gas
is not desirable to use. Blowing off of the assist gas 131 prevents smoke,
etc. occurring at the time of surgical operations from sticking to the
condenser 101a and also conveniently cools the condenser 101a. When air is
used in place of the N.sub.2 gas, a compressor can be used instead of the
cylinder.
On the other hand, an optical path change-over means 8 is provided on the
optical path of the beam 302 to change over the beam optical path
optionally. The means 8 changes over the optical path by making, for
instance, the reflecting mirror 801 fixed to a rotary solenoid (not shown
in the drawing) reflect the beam 302 or pass the beam 302 by. The means 8
is turned ON or OFF by the switch (not shown in the drawing) provided on
the control panel so as to change over its set condition.
When the reflecting mirror 801 is at the A position, the beam 302 travels
in straight lines and comes into the mixing means 6. When the reflecting
mirror 801 is at the B position, the beam 302 optical path is changed over
by the mirror and comes into a mixing means 9, which will be described
later. Since the output of the first guide light 401 is prohibited, as
described later, when the optical path is changed over, the second laser
beam 301 comes into the mixing means 9.
The second laser beam 301 whose optical path has been changed over by the
optical path change-over means 8 and the second guide light 501 from the
second guide, light source 5 are coaxially mixed by means of the mixing
means 9. The mixing means 9 consists of a dichroic mirror 901 to reflect,
for instance, the second laser beam 301 and transmit the second guide
light 501. Both beams are mixed coaxially and are output as a beam 502 as
shown in the FIG. 1.
The beam 502 is induced into a fiber light guide 11. The fiber light guide
11 can irradiate the beam 502 to a desired target. The light guide 11 is
incorporated in an endoscope device to apply it to surgical operations
under an endoscope visual field.
The fiber light guide consists of an optical fiber 112 to guide the beam
502 and a jacketing tube 113 surrounding the fiber 112. There is a
clearance provided between the fiber 112 and the jacketing tube 113, which
forms a passage for the second assist gas as described later. The tip
portion (injection end) of the jacketing tube 113 is, as the name implies,
formed as an open end and the basic end is sealed.
The condenser 111 in the figure condenses the beam 502 when inducing the
beam 502 into the fiber light guide 11. It goes without saying that the
beam 502 condensed by the condenser 111 is induced into the optical fiber
112 and transferred thereby. Though not illustrated, a condenser may be
provided at the tip of the fiber light guide 11 to condense the beams for
irradiation.
One end of the gas hose 14 is connected to the jacketing tube basic end
side. The other end of the hose 14 is connected to the second assist gas
cylinder 12. A solenoid valve 17 in the figure opens or closes the
cylinder 12 in a state described later. When the solenoid valve 17 is
opened, the second assist gas 121 is sent under pressure into the
jacketing tube and blown off through the fiber light guide tip portion. It
goes without saying that the pressure of the gas 121 is reduced by a
pressure reducing valve (not illustrated).
For the second assist which is 121, CO.sub.2 gas harmless for a living body
is used. Blowing off of the assist gas cools the optical fiber 112, and
also prevents smoke generated at the time of surgical operations from
sticking to the end surface of the optical fiber 112 and condenser (not
illustrated).
With reference to FIG. 2, operative relations between the optical path
change-over means 8 and the first guide light source 4, second guide light
source 5 and solenoid valves 17 and 18 are described.
As shown in FIG. 2(a), the optical path change-over means 8 is equipped
with limit switches 802 and 803, both of which are turned ON or OFF by a
position, of the reflecting mirror 801. More specifically, when the
reflecting mirror 801 is at the A position, the switch 802 is in the ON
condition and the switch 803 is in the OFF condition. When the reflecting
mirror 801 is at the B position, the switch 803 is in the ON position and
the switch 802 is in OFF position. When the reflecting mirror 801 is
driven by the rotary solenoid, both switches are turned ON or OFF by the
rotary solenoid driving force.
As shown in FIG. 2(b), the switch 802 is designed to control the first
guide light source 4 and solenoid valve 18; when the reflecting mirror 801
is at the A position, the switch 802 becomes ON and thereby the first
guide light source 4 and solenoid valve 18 are driven. Accordingly, the
first guide light 401 is output from the first guide light source. Also,
the solenoid valve 18 is opened to blow off the first assist gas 131
through the tip of handpiece 101 as previously described.
Likewise, the switch 803 is designed to control the second guide light
source 5 and solenoid valve 17; when the reflecting mirror 801 is at the B
position, the switch 803 turns ON and thereby the second guide light
source 5 and solenoid valve 17 are driven. Accordingly, the second guide
light 501 is output from the second guide light source 5. Also, the
solenoid valves 17 is opened to blow off the second assist gas 121 through
the tip of fiber light guide 11 as previously described.
When the reflecting mirror 801 is at the A position, the switch 803 is in
the OFF position, the second guide light source 5 and solenoid valve 17
are not driven. Accordingly, the second guide light 501 is not output nor
is the second assist gas 121 blown off. Likewise, when the reflecting
mirror 801 is at the position, the switch 802 is in OFF condition and
therefore the first guide light source 4 and solenoid valve 18 are not
driven. Accordingly, the first guide light 401 is not output nor is the
first assist gas 131 blown off.
According to a modification, a shutter is provided on each of the optical
paths of the first guide light 401 and the second guide light 501, and
these shutters are opened and closed by the signals from the switches 802
and 803, so as to control the outputs of the first guide light and the
second guide light. In this case, needless to say, the first and second
guide light sources 4 and 5 are kept in operation all the time.
As is evident from the foregoing description, the apparatus according to
this invention is operated by the following modes.
(1) The first mode is obtained by setting the optical path change-over
means 8 to the A position and driving the first working laser light source
2 and the second working laser light source 3. In the first mode, the
first laser beam 201, the second laser beam 301 and the first guide light
401 are coaxially irradiated through the articulated arm light guide 10
and the first assist gas 131 is blown off.
(2) The second mode is obtained by setting the optical path change-over
means 8 to the A position and driving the working laser beam 2 only, from
among the two working laser beam sources. In the second mode, the first
laser beam 201 and the first guide light 401 are coaxially irradiated from
the articulated arm light guide 10 and the first assist gas 131 is blown
off.
(3) The third mode is obtained by setting the optical path change-over
means 8 to A position and driving the second working laser beam source 3
only from among the two working laser beam sources. In the third mode, the
second laser beam 301 and the first guide light 401 are coaxially
irradiated through the articulated arm light guide 10 and the first assist
gas 131 is blown off.
(4) The fourth mode is obtained by setting the optical path change-over
means 8 to B position and by driving the second working laser beam source
3 only, from among the two working laser beam sources. In the fourth mode,
the second laser beam 301 and the second guide light 501 are coaxially
irradiated through the fiber light guide 11 and the second assist gas 121
is blown off.
As described in detail in the foregoing, the apparatus according to the
present invention is equipped with two kinds of light guides with
different applicable fields and thereby is able to select adequately the
light guide to be used according to the purposes. Especially, as the
assist gas is automatically changed over according to the kind of the
light guide to be used, the assist gas suitable for the surgical operating
conditions can be used and is very convenient in practical application.
For instance, N.sub.2 gas and air, etc. which cause no inconvenience, such
as absorption to the irradiating laser beam, can be used in the
articulated arm light guide. In the fiber light guide, CO.sub.2 gas, etc.
which has no effect on the bio-tissue can be used. Moreover, when changed
over to the light guide to be used, blowing-off of the assist gas from the
light guide not in use is automatically stopped. Thus, this saves the
operator's labor to stop blowing-off of the assist gas from the light
guide not in use and is convenient.
In this way, the present invention is convenient both for surgical
operations and for apparatus operations, and can provrde an excellent
apparatus in practical operations.
In addition, if a respective different guide light is used according to the
kind of the light guide to be used as shown in the embodiment, it will be
more convenient in practical application, because the guide light in the
fiber light guide uses a halogen lamp which is difficult to use in the
articulated arm light guide. As the halogen lamp light has a high
brightness and can be easily checked even in the bio-cavity, it is
convenient when surgical operations are performed under an endoscope
visual field.
When two pieces of guide light sources are not necessary in this apparatus,
or a single guide light is used for both light guides, the second guide
light source 5 can be omitted. In this case however, operation of both
solenoid valves 17 and 18 remains unchanged.
It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the
foregoing embodiment, and many modified embodiments can be made within the
scope of the present invention. For instance, even if the articulated arm
light guide is replaced with a fiber light guide having transmission
against the first laser beam, the same effect can be obtained. Also, when
the first guide light source, the second guide light source and the two
pieces of solenoid valves are controlled by a position of the reflecting
mirror in the optical path change-over means, it is possible to design so
that the first and second guide light sources and solenoid valves, etc.
are driven only when desired, by treating signals from two pieces of
switches provided in the means by means of an adequate logic circuit. Or,
the first and second guide light sources and solenoid valves can be
simultaneously switched ON or OFF by means of an outdoor switch to control
the optical path change-over means instead of providing the position
detecting switches. These matters apply to an apparatus in which a single
guide light is used for two pieces of light guides.
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