The present invention relates to novel macrocyclic carbonyl compounds of the macrocyclic carbamate and lactone type, to chiral macrocyclic structures, to macrocyclic urea compounds and to macrocyclic thiolactones and to a process for the preparation of same. The process of the invention comprises reacting a stannoxane, silazane or silathiane compound with an activated carbonyl compound in an organic solvent at moderate temperature.
RELATION TO OTHER APPLICATION
This application is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 262,508, filed May 11, 1981 now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part application to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 178,905 filed on Aug. 18, 1980, now abandoned, the contents of which are incorporated by reference.
A process for producing a biodegradable polymer, which comprises subjecting a cyclic compound of the following formula (1) or (2) to ring opening polymerization: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 is a C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-10 alkyl group.
The invention provides a novel composition and method for removing or reducing levels of recalcitrant constituents from an effluent, such as lignin chromophores, AOX species, such as chlorinated phenols, dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls, and high molecular weight material produced in the pulp and paper bleaching operations which includes using a composition comprised of (a) an amount of a source of an oxidant effective for oxidizing and thereby reducing the levels of such constituents and (b) an oxidatively stable oxidant activator having the structure ##STR1## wherein Y.sub.1, Y.sub.3 and Y.sub.4 each represent a bridging group having zero, one, two or three carbon containing nodes for substitution, and Y.sub.2 is a bridging group having at least one carbon containing node for substitution, each said node containing a C(R), C(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2), or a C(R).sub.2 unit and each R substituent is the same or different from the remaining R substituents; M is a transition metal with oxidation states of I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII or VIII or selected from Groups 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and Q is any counterion which would balance the charge of the compound on a stoichiometric basis.
The invention provides a novel composition and method for removing or reducing levels of recalcitrant constituents from an effluent, such as lignin chromophores, AOX species, such as chlorinated phenols, dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls, and high molecular weight material produced in the pulp and paper bleaching operations which includes using a composition comprised of (a) an amount of a source of an oxidant effective for oxidizing and thereby reducing the levels of such constituents and (b) an oxidatively stable oxidant activator having the structure ##STR1## wherein Y.sub.1, Y.sub.3 and Y.sub.4 each represent a bridging group having zero, one, two or three carbon containing nodes for substitution, and Y.sub.2 is a bridging group having at least one carbon containing node for substitution, each said node containing a C(R), C(R.sub.1)(R.sub.2), or a C(R).sub.2 unit and each R substituent is the same or different from the remaining R substituents; M is a transition metal with oxidation states of I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII or VIII or selected from Groups 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and Q is any counterion which would balance the charge of the compound on a stoichiometric basis.
The compositions of this invention comprise uncrosslinked reaction mixtures comprising (1) at least one organic monomer, oligomer or polymer comprising a multiplicity of organic, electrophilic substituents, and (2) at least one metal-containing polymer comprising a metal-nitrogen polymer. Preferred compositions of this invention comprise reaction mixtures comprising (1) at least one organic monomer, oligomer or polymer comprising a multiplicity of organic, electrophilic substituents, and (2) at least one of: silicon-nitrogen polymers, aluminum-nitrogen polymers and boron-nitrogen and polymer combinations thereof comprising a multiplicity of sequentially bonded repeat units the compositions comprising the reaction products of the reaction mixtures, and the compositions obtained by crosslinking the reaction products of the reaction mixtures. The crosslinking may be effected through at least one of thermal-based, radiation-based free radical-based or ionic-based crosslinking mechanisms. Furthermore, the reaction mixtures, the composition comprising the reaction products and the crosslinked composition may further comprise at least one filler or reinforcement. The composition may be molded or shaped by various techniques into numerous useful articles. Furthermore, the compositions may be applied as coatings by various techniques onto numerous articles to enhance the articles usefulness.
The compositions of this invention comprise uncrosslinked reaction mixtures comprising (1) at least one organic monomer, oligomer or polymer comprising a multiplicity of organic, electrophilic substituents, and (2) at least one metal-containing polymer comprising a metal-nitrogen polymer. Preferred compositions of this invention comprise reaction mixtures comprising (1) at least one organic monomer, oligomer or polymer comprising a multiplicity of organic, electrophilic substituents, and (2) at least one of: silicon-nitrogen polymers, aluminum-nitrogen polymers and boron-nitrogen and polymer combinations thereof comprising a multiplicity of sequentially bonded repeat units the compositions comprising the reaction products of the reaction mixtures, and the compositions obtained by crosslinking the reaction products of the reaction mixtures. The crosslinking may be effected through at least one of thermal-based, radiation-based free radical-based or ionic-based crosslinking mechanisms. Furthermore, the reaction mixtures, the composition comprising the reaction products and the crosslinked composition may further comprise at least one filler or reinforcement. The composition may be molded or shaped by various techniques into numerous useful articles. Furthermore, the compositions may be applied as coatings by various techniques onto numerous articles to enhance the articles usefulness.
