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Description  |
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BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
The invention relates to water filters and more particularly to a portable
disposable fresh water filter for purifying tap water.
It is well known that in many localities the degree of purity of the tap
water is far from the degree that is satisfactory for human consumption.
Inventors have in the past sought ways to provide suitable methods of
improving the purity of fresh water.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,025,438 shows a filter cartridge with several layers of
different filtering media, for insertion into a suitable tap-connected
filter housing.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,016,080 shows a filter cartridge with multiple layers of
filter media disposed inside the filter cartridge at an angle in order to
improve fluid flow through the filter.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,900,395 shows a filtering apparatus having layers of
anthracite coal and black walnut shells as filter media.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,469,696 shows a cartridge-type water filter especially
suited for removing scale and other impurities from water.
U.S. Pat. No. 651,948 shows a portable, funnel-shaped filter containing
replaceable layers of granulated filter media for filtering small amounts
of drinking water.
All of the inventions disclosed in the prior art suffer from the drawback
that they are cumbersome to use for individuals who only desire to filter
small amounts of drinking water and wish not to be tied to a fixed filter
installation or having to be bothered by preparing elaborate filter media
or mixtures thereof. Applicant has overcome this problem by providing a
portable disposable filter that is convenient in use and may be used in
any locality, and is sufficiently inexpensive that it may be discarded
when the filter medium has been spent. It is not necessary to carry
bottles from the store, and the filter is extremely inexpensive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The portable disposable filter according to the invention consists
essentially of a filter part cnsisting of two layers of a porous
containing material or fabric which contains confined between the two
layers, a measured, small amount of filter medium.
The containing material may be any water resistant woven fabric such as
cheesecloth, or a fibrous material such as waterproof paper or suitably
woven or matted synthetic fiber, which, by itself may provide part of the
filtering process. The filter medium may advantageously be granular,
activated charcoal which is a well known highly effective filter medium,
but the scope of the invention shall not be confined to any particular
type of filter medium, since it is capable of working with any suitable
granulated filter medium.
In one of its more preferred embodiments the portable filter, according to
the instant invention, consists of a section of hose, made of containing
fabric, which is closed at one end, into which is poured a measured small
amount of filter medium, such as a teaspoon or less. The hose immediately
above the filter medium is constricted by means of a suitable drawstring,
rubber band or the like so that a small pouch enclosing the filter medium
is formed. The remaining hose section is next folded inside-out forming an
upward projecting skirt encircling the pouch filled with filter medium,
which can next conveniently be lowered into a wide-mouth water jar or
container with a threaded neck, which fits under a standard faucet, with
the skirt folded over the upper edge of the neck of the mouth, so that
unfiltered water can be poured into the jar where it is filtered as it
percolates through the filter medium, and is collected and stored as
filtered water in the jar. The water is filtered again when it is poured
out.
In another embodiment, the water container may have a screw-on or press-on
lid that can be screwed over the top of the jar's neck and hold in place
the folded-over skirt of the filter. The lid may advantageously have an
opening for pouring water into the jar, and the opening may have a snap-on
cap and/or may be adapted to receive the end of a water hose for filling
the jar, or a pouring spout.
In still another embodiment, the screw-on lid may have a folding handle
which in an extended position is helpful in tightly screwing the lid onto
the neck of the jar and for holding the filter. In still another
embodiment the screw-on lid may have an opening adapted to receive a
pouring spout.
In still another embodiment the portable filter part may be constructed of
two coordinated circular pieces of containing fabric which are joined at
the edges and contain filter medium in the space between the two pieces.
In still another embodiment with the two pieces of coordinated containing
fabric, the upper piece may be porous, while the lower piece is
impermeable except for a small center opening or grid so that the lower
piece acts as a funnel, for urging the filtered water percolating through
the filter medium, toward the middle of the filter, from where it pours
into the jar. In still another embodiment, the lower coordinated piece may
be formed of rather rigid aluminum foil that can be shaped into a cone,
bowl or hemisphere with small holes or a grid in the bottom that contains
the filter medium granules but lets water pass through. In still another
embodiment, the bottom piece of aluminum may have radially projecting
handle parts, so that the filter can be placed over the mouth of the jar
without falling into the jar. The projecting parts may have a hole or
eyelet for hanging the filter part when not in use.
Other objects of this invention will appear from the following description
and appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings
forming a part of this specification wherein like reference characters
designate corresponding parts in the several views.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a vertical elevational view of a wide mouth water jar with a neck
and a screw-on lid adapted to receive a waterhose and a removable snap-on
cap.
FIG. 2 is a top-down view of the water jar of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional, fragmentary view of the top of the
water jar with a screw-on lid, taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2, also
showing a cross-section of the portable water filter part containing
granular filter medium and held in place by the upward projecting skirt
pinched between the neck of the jar and the screw-on lid.
FIG. 4 shows steps of forming the water filter part from a closed section
of porous hose.
FIG. 5 is a bottom-up view of the finished filter, showing the constricted
bottom opening of the filter part, taken along the line 5--5 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a vertical, fragmentary, part cross-sectional view showing an
embodiment consisting of two coordinated circular pieces of containing
fabric, of which the upper one is joined at the edge to the inside of the
lower piece, the two pieces forming a space for containing filter medium,
and the filter part disposed inside the neck of a jar with a detached
screw-on lid.
FIG. 7 is a vertical, part cross-sectional view of a water jar in position
for pouring filtered water into a drinking glass.
FIG. 8 is a top-down view of the invention showing part of the water jar
with a screw-on lid with a folding handle in the extended position, with a
snap-on cap.
FIG. 9 is an elevational, fragmentary cross-sectional view of the filter
according to FIG. 8, taken along the line 9--9 of FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is a vertical, part cross-sectional, fragmentary view of the filter
according to FIG. 8, taken along the line 10--10 of FIG. 8.
FIG. 11 is a top-down view of the screw-on lid showing the folding handle
in closed position.
FIG. 12 is a vertical exploded view of the filter according to FIG. 8
showing the lid, the folding handle, a filter part with a ring for holding
the filter part attached to the neck of a water jar.
FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of the filter, seen in a vertical, part
cross-sectional fragmentary view, which consists of two coordinated pieces
of containing material of which the lower piece is formed of aluminum
foil, disposed over the mouth of a water glass.
FIG. 14 is a topdown view of the embodiment according to FIG. 13, with part
of the top piece broken away to show the granular filter medium.
Before explaining the disclosed embodiments of the present invention in
detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its
application to the details of the particular arrangements shown, since the
invention is capable of other embodiments. Also, the terminology used
herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5 show a water jar or any other suitable water container
for holding water, having a neck 14 with a wide mouth 16 closed by a screw
lid 11, attached by screw threads 23 to the outside threaded neck 14. The
lid has an opening 17 for pouring water with a matching cap 12 for closing
the opening 17. The cap 12 may have a flexible strap 18 for attaching the
cap 17 to the top of the lid 11.
A filter unit 20 consists essentially of a containing fabric forming a hose
closed at one end which holds a measured small amount of granulated filter
medium 21. The filter medium 21 may advantageously be granular activated
charcoal which is well known to be an effective filter medium. The filter
medium, however, shall not be confined to granular charcoal alone since
other filter media or compositions thereof are known. The closed end of
the hose containing the filter medium is constricted by a drawstring,
strap or rubber ring 24 so that a pouch 26 containing the filter medium 21
is formed. The hose may even be twisted to form the constriction. As seen
in FIG. 4 the pouch 26 has been formed of the close-ended hose consisting
of the containing fabric 22. By pulling tight the drawstring 24, and
turning the open ended part of the hose inside-out as seen in FIG. 3 the
open end of the hose forms a skirt 22 that can be folded over the edge of
the neck 14 and the screw lid 11 can be screwed onto the neck 14 with the
folded part of the skirt 22 pinched between the threaded outside of the
neck 14 and the inside of the screw lid 11, thereby holding the filter
unit 20 suspended by the skirt 22 in the mouth 16 of the jar 10.
In operation, unfiltered water may be poured through the opening 17, e.g.
via the hose 13 from where it percolates through the filter medium 21 and
drops into the jar 10 as filtered water. After some use, the filter medium
will be saturated with accumulated impurities from the water and the whole
filter unit 20 may be discarded and replaced with a new unit. When not in
use, the opening 17 in the lid 11 may be closed with a snap-on cap 12.
FIG. 6 shows in an exploded view the screw lid 11 with the opening 17
before it is screwed onto the neck 14, where it holds a filter unit 30 of
a somewhat different construction than the construction 20, described
hereinabove. In the embodiment 30 according to FIG. 6, the filter unit 30
consists of a circular piece of containing fabric 22 and 26 containing
granulated filter medium 21. Another separate piece of containing fabric
27, cut as a coordinated substantially circular piece of fabric 27 is
attached, at the edges 27a, to the inside of the skirt 22 by sewing,
adhesive, cementing or any other suitable process, so that the filter
medium 21 is contained between the two layers of fabric 26 and 27.
The fabric 26 and 27 may be a coarse woven fabric such as gauze, cheese
cloth, or a felted fibrous material or water-fast paper, such as is well
known filter paper and the like.
In one very advantageous embodiment the layers 26 and 27 may by themselves
have filtration characteristics that further augment the filter medium 21.
In another embodiment, according to FIG. 6, the outer containing fabric 26
with the skirt 22 may be a material with little or no water permeability
and may instead have a plurality of fine openings at the bottom center for
passing the filtered water, and small enough for containing the granules
of the filter medium 21. Such an arrangement has the advantage that the
waterflow through the filter unit 30 is urged toward the middle of the
bottom layer which provides a good, more penetrating water flow since
water to be filtered cannot simply traverse the peripheral part of the
filter unit.
FIG. 7 shows filtered water 25 being poured into a drinking glass C, while
it traverses the filter medium 21 a second time for additional
purification.
FIGS. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 show an embodiment of the filter in which a lid
40 is a snap on lid that can be snapped or pressed onto the neck 14 of the
jar to be retained by a circular ridge 42 on the outside of the neck 14.
This embodiment advantageously has a fold-out handle 43 pivotably attached
at pivot points 44 to a first ring 45 that fits tightly inside the rim 41a
of the lid 41. The first ring 45 with the handle 43 pivotably attached may
serve to hold the filter skirt pinched between the outside of the ring 45
and the inside of the rim of the lid 41.
In a somewhat different embodiment, a second ring 46 may be used to hold
the skirt 22 pinched to the inside of the first ring 45. This arrangement
has the advantage that the filter unit 20, 30 may be carried by the handle
43 and held over a container such as the jar 10 or another container for
temporarily collecting filtered water. The folding handle 43 may be
retracted as seen in FIG. 11, in which position it is folded over the lid
41.
Still another embodiment of the invention for use with a container is seen
in FIGS. 13 and 14, which show a filter unit 50 having an outer layer of a
relatively stiff metal foil, shaped as a shallow hemispheric bowl 55
containing granular filter medium 21 and having a number of small holes 56
punched in the bottom, so that filtered water can pass through the holes
but not the filter granules 21. An upper layer 51 of containing fabric
encloses the filter medium from the upper side and is advantageously
attached at its edges 56 to the inner wall of the bowl 55 by bonding,
stapling or any other suitable method. The bowl 55 may have two extensions
53 that can serve as handles and can also be used as retainers so that the
filter unit 50 can be placed over a drinking glass 51 for producing a
small amount of filtered water. A hole 54 in one or both handles 53 may
serve to hang the filter unit on a hook when not in use.
The entire filter unit 50 may be constructed inexpensively and may
advantageously be discarded and replaced when the filter medium 21 is
spent.
In operation it has been found that an amount of 1/2 ounce of granulated
activated charcoal in a filter according to the invention, can be used to
make approximately 100 gallons of purified water, before it must be
replaced.
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