 |
Claims  |
|
|
I claim:
1. A transactional system serving subscribers in a plurality of localities,
comprising a national data base having
a plurality of groups of addressed segments of data storage, each group
storing data pertaining to an associated one of said localities, each
group being addressable by a locality number,
a plurality of access-number addressed segments of data storage, each
assigned to one of said subscribers and storing a locality number for said
one of said subscribers,
means for linking said access-number addressed segments of data storage to
said groups of locality number addressed segments of data storage, so that
locality data stored in the group of locality number addressed segments of
data storage associated with a subscriber's locality number is
automatically addressed upon receipt of said subscriber's access number,
wherein at least one of said localities comprises a plurality of
sub-localities,
wherein each of said locality numbers has a predetermined number of digits
signifying said localities, and at least one additional digit for
identifying respective sub-localities,
wherein said locality numbers are zip code numbers,
wherein said groups of addressed segments of data storage comprise
classified ad sections, each having a respective number of ads stored
therein,
wherein said linking means comprises
means for retrieving a subscriber zip code from said access number
addressed segments of data storage in response to entry of said
subscriber's access number,
means for addressing groups of data storage segments using the retrieved
zip code number and for counting the number of ads in any locality number
addressed segments of data storage corresponding to localities having the
same first 3 digits as said retrieved zip code, and
means for transmitting to a subscriber controlled data access means the so
counted ads, if said number of ads is less than a predetermined maximum ad
number, or transmitting only sub-locality ads in locality number addressed
segments of data storage having zip codes having the same first 4 digits
as said retrieved zip code, if the so counted number of ads exceeds said
predetermined maximum number; and
said subscriber-controlled data access means comprising a plurality of
subscriber units, each having a locality number corresponding to a
geographic location thereof, each subscriber having an access number,
means for transmitting said access number to said national data base,
display means for displaying locality data received from said national data
base, and
means for said national data base to receive and process said
access-numbers.
2. A transactional system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising means
for storing "ad viewed" data indicative of subscribers viewing of a given
ad in "ad viewed" data storage locations.
3. A transactional system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising
subscriber controlled selection means for selecting an item from one of
said transmitted classified ad, means in said data base for transmitting
subscriber data and selected item identifying data back to said
subscriber, means receiving a verification signal from said subscriber
when the so transmitted data is correct, and means for storing said
selected item and subscriber data upon receipt of said verification
signal;
wherein said selected item is sold by a predetermined vendor; and
wherein said data base further comprises means for transmitting selected
item data and subscriber data to said vendor.
4. A transactional system serving subscribers in a plurality of localities,
comprising
a national data base having
a plurality of groups of addressed segments of data storage, each group
storing data pertaining to an associated one of said localities, each
group being addressable by a locality number,
a plurality of access-number addressed segments of data storage, each
assigned to one of said subscribers and storing a locality number for said
one of said subscribers,
means for linking said access-number addressed segments of data storage to
said groups of locality number addressed segments of data storage, so that
locality data stored in the group of locality number addressed segments of
data storage associated with a subscriber's locality number is
automatically addressed upon receipt of said subscriber's access number,
wherein said national data base is accessible by non-subscribers and
comprises
access code generating means including a random number generator for
generating an access-number for any non-subscriber who attempts to access
said data base, and
means for storing the so generated access-number in one of said access
number-addressed segments of data storage,
wherein said non-subscriber further furnishes his home address to said
national data base,
wherein said access number is mailed to said non-subscriber at said home
address, whereby said non-subscriber becomes a subscriber; said
transactional system further comprising
subscriber-controlled data access means, including a plurality of
subscriber units, each having a locality number corresponding to a
geographic location thereof, each subscriber having an access number,
means for transmitting said access number to said national data base,
means for transmitting data to said subscriber-controlled data access
means,
display means for displaying locality data received from said national data
base, and
means for said national data base to receive and process said
access-numbers.
5. A transactional system as set forth in claim 4, wherein said access code
is a number comprising a private key and a public key.
6. A transactional system in set forth in claim 5, wherein said access code
is a hexadecimal number, and wherein said private key comprises the first
5 digits and said public key comprises the second 5 digits of said
hexadecimal number.
7. A transactional system as set forth in claim 5, wherein said data base
further comprises subscriber initiated means for placing classified ads
for storage in said groups of locality number addressed segments of data
storage, said ad placing means comprising input data receiving means for
receiving ad data and said public key from an advertising subscriber,
transmit means for transmitting said ad data back to said advertising
subscriber for verification, and means for storing said ad data and
billing said advertising subscriber in response to a verification signal
indicative of correctness of said ad from said advertising subscriber.
8. A transactional system as said forth in claim 5, further comprising an
electronic mail system, wherein messages including said public key of a
mail sending subscriber are stored at a receiving subscriber message
location indentified the receiving subscriber's public key; and wherein
so-stored messages are transmitted to said receiving subscriber in
response to a message request and the receiving subscriber's access code.
9. A transactional system as set forth in claim 5, wherein each of said
subscribers further has a password; and wherein said national data base
requires said access number and said password for entry thereto.
10. A transactional system serving subscribers in a plurality of
localities, comprising
a national data base having
a plurality of groups of addressed segments of data storage, each group
storing data pertaining to an associated one of said localities, each
group being addressable by a locality number,
a plurality of access-number addressed segments of data storage, each
assigned to one of said subscribers and storing a locality number for said
one of said subscribers,
means for linking said access-number addressed segments of data storage to
said groups of locality number addressed segments of data storage, so that
locality data stored in the group of locality number addressed segments of
data storage associated with a subscriber's locality number is
automatically addressed upon receipt of said subscriber's access number,
subscriber controlled data access means having a plurality of subscriber
units each having a locality number corresponding to its geographic
location,
each subscriber having an access-number, wherein said data access means
comprises means for transmitting said access-number to said national data
base, and display means for displaying locality data received from said
national data base,
a predetermined number of telephone lines linking said subscriber
controlled data access means to said national data base,
wherein said national data base further comprises means for answering
subscriber calls, means for assigning a process identification number to
each received call, means for comparing the number of process
identification numbers to said predetermined number of telephone lines,
and means for commencing timing of said calls when said number of process
identification numbers is equal to said predetermined number of telephone
lines,
wherein said transactional system further comprises revenue-producing
transactions and non-revenue transactions, and
wherein said means for commencing timing of said calls delays timing of
said revenue-producing transactions relative to timing of said non-revenue
producing transactions; and
means for transmitting data to said subscriber controlled access means, and
means for said national data base to receive and process said
access-numbers. |
|
 |
|
 |
Claims |
|
|
|
Description |
|
|
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to telecommunication systems and, more particularly,
to transactional systems wherein the subscriber can furnish information
to, and receive information from a data base.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Presently telecommunications systems that supply information to individual
subscribers operate on a time fee basis. The subscriber pays for the
service, and the telephone connection to the computer by the hour or
minute. Further, if these systems are national in scope, they do not
emphasize the subscriber's locality and/or local information. On the other
hand, these systems that are local do not permit viewing information on a
national scale or in another locality.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The present invention is a transactional system which serves subscribers in
a plurality of localities. Mainly, it consists of a national data base
having a plurality of groups of locality storage locations. Each group
stores data pertaining to an associated one of the localities served by
the system and is addressable by a locality number. The national data base
further has a plurality of access number storage locations, each assigned
to one of the subscribers. The access number storage locations are linked
to the groups of locality storage locations so that locality data stored
in the associated one of the locality storage locations is automatically
addressed upon receipt of one of the access numbers. The system further
consists of a number of subscriber units, each having a locality number
corresponding to its geographic location. Each subscriber has an access
number which he transmits to the national data base when he wishes to
receive locality data. Each subscriber unit also has a display screen on
which the data received from the national data base can be displayed.
The system of the present invention allows electronic mail to be exchanged
among its subscribers, the purchase of items displayed on the screen,
furnishing of statistical data to vendors regarding the items viewed by
the subscribers, and a variety of other services such as connection to
other data bases.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic of the invention
are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself,
however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together
with additional objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood
from the following description of a preferred embodiment when read in
connection with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
FIG. 1 is in overall block diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the subscriber system access;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flow chart of the access code generator of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart for the electronic mail subroutine;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart for a typical transaction carried out by the system
of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart for the classified advertising subroutine, according
to the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The overall block diagram for the novel communications system of the
present invention is illustrated in FIG. 1. As illustrated there, a number
of subscribers, each having a personal computer 10, 11, 12, respectively,
are connected to the telephone line through modems 13, 14, and 15,
respectively. The calls reach the central telephone office 16, and are
passed through modems 17, 18, 19 and a multiplexer 20 to the central
processing unit 21 of the central computer. The central processing unit 21
is powered by a power supply 22, and controls a printer 23, a plurality of
floppy disks 24, hard disks 25 and a magnetic tape backup 26. The central
processing unit receives an input from an operator console 27, and a data
input console 28.
The flow chart of FIG. 2 illustrates how a subscriber, without payment of
any fee, accesses the system. As illustrated in this figure, the
subscriber reaches the main computer through the telephone lines. The
access preferably takes place through a free 800 number.
After connection to the computer via the 800 line and modem the computer
initializes a "pre-processor" program.
This program has several functions.
1. It checks all incoming signals for special characters. (i.e. undersired
control characters which may cause computer malfunctions). These are
stripped from the incoming stream of data and not permitted to pass
(through to the processor).
2. It checks if the incoming phone line is connected to an authorized
modem, by comparison with a stored file.
3. It starts the main program and prevents the subscriber from accessing
any other program in the system by issuing a command to the computer.
4. It produces a welcome message.
He is then asked whether he is a new or old subscriber. If a new
subscriber, it is requested that he furnish data, including mailing
address, telephone number, and name. After the requested data has been
entered by the subscriber, an access code is generated, as will be
described in greater detail with reference to FIG. 3. The system then
carries out a search to see whether the generated access code is a
duplicate of a previously assigned access code. It it is found that the
newly generated access code has not previously been used, the system
prints out a letter to the subscriber, informing him of the access code.
The letter is mailed to the address which the subscriber furnished to the
system. This completes the routine for a new subscriber.
If, on the other hand, the subscriber states that he is not a new
subscriber, his access number is requested. When the access number has
been entered by the subscriber, the data files or addressed segments of
data storage are searched to see whether the number is or is not a valid
number. If it is not a valid number, the request for the access number is
repeated. If, after a predetermined number of requests, for example three
requests, the subscriber still has not entered a valid access number, the
system hangs up. If, on the other hand, a valid access number is
furnished, the subscriber menu is presented to the subscriber, with
instructions to select a particular area. The areas or subroutines include
an electronic mail subroutine, a classified ad subroutine, other services,
and a gateway to outgoing phone lines which, for example, may connect with
other data bases. The other data bases may, for example, allow the
purchase of tickets to shows and concerts, sales of items from catalogs,
airlines reservations, etc.
The access code generator of FIG. 3 commences operation by generating a
random number, using the subscriber's name as seed. Such random number
generation is well known, and need not be described in detail here.
The random number which is generated is an 10 digit number, a decimal point
being placed after the digit number 5. Thereafter, the data base is
searched for a duplicate, as mentioned in connection with FIG. 2. If it is
a duplicate, the random number generation is repeated. If it is not a
duplicate, the access number and the information given by the subscriber
is entered into the data base. A password is added to the recorded
information. The password and access number are then included in a letter
typed to the subscriber. In a preferred embodiment, the access number is a
hexadecimal number, the first 5 digits constituting a public key, while
the last 5 digits constitute a private key. The function of the two keys
will be described in greater detail in connection with FIG. 4, the
electronic mail subroutine.
In FIG. 4, the subscriber has selected the electronic mail area from the
menu presented to him in FIG. 2. He is first asked whether he wishes to
read mail or send mail. If the former, the system searches for a file with
his public key appended. The data base is accessed and searches until a
coincidence is found. When this happens, the message is displayed, the
display time being controlled by the subscriber. When the subscriber is
ready for the next message, he activates a predetermined key on the
keyboard. The next message is then displayed. Each message includes the
public key of the sender, so that the subscriber is able to answer, if
necessary.
If the subscriber wishes to send a message, he answers the question whether
his request is a message search in the negative. He is then requested to
enter the public key of the addressee. After this is given, he is asked to
type in his message. A predetermined maximum is set, for example 4 lines
with a maximum of 40 characters per line. After the message has been
entered, it is transmitted back and displayed for verification. The
subscriber then indicates by a keyboard entry whether the message is or is
not correct. If it is not correct, he is requested to retype it. If it is
correct, the message is stored, and the subscriber sending the message is
returned to the main menu.
If the subscriber wishes to make a purchase, he selects the transactional
subroutine shown in FIG. 5.
If he wishes to make a purchase, he must first select the category or
catalog offering of the item he wishes to purchase. This selection is made
in response to a menu displayed on his screen. Once a vendors catalog
selection has been made, the system comes back with a further menu
arranged either as to price range, size, special feature or
characteristics, or any other arrangement suitable for the particular
items to be purchased. The items for sale in the so narrowed category are
then displayed on the subscriber's screen. A keyboard input selects a
particular item. Whereupon the screen displays more detailed information
about the item. He is then asked if he indeed wishes to purchase the item.
If yes, he is asked the quantity wanted and whether this is to be paid COD
or by credit card.
If the transaction is by credit card, the credit card number is requested
and checked by a credit card verification algorithm, utilizing both the
credit card number and expiration date.
If the search indicates that the credit card is a valid card, the details
of the transaction are displayed on the subscriber's screen. If the
subscriber indicates by activating a key on the keyboard that the
transaction is correct, the choice of any item he has made is stored in
the section of the data base assigned to the particular subscriber. The
information as to subscriber name, address, choice and public key is also
stored in the vendor's section, and a corresponding letter is transmitted
to the vendor. The letter also includes a bill for services rendered.
The subscriber, after he has made his selection, is asked whether he wishes
to make an additional purchase. If not, he is returned to the main menu.
If he does wish to purchase another item, the above-described routine is
repeated.
In the classified advertising subroutine illustrated in FIG. 6, the
subscriber first indicates whether he wishes to place an ad or not. If he
indicates that he does not wish to place an ad, he is asked whether he
wishes to look at classified ads. If not, the program is switched to the
special ad section. The special ads are similar to, for example, newspaper
ads from a commercial vendor. They occupy more room than the classified
ads, will generally have graphics, and are charged at a different rate. In
general, classified ads are entered by the subscriber directly and are
paid for per time period, e.g. at $10.00 a week. The commercial or special
ads are paid for both by the month and on a per inquiry basis. It is
therefore necessary to keep track of the number of times any given ad was
displayed.
To continue, after the subscriber has indicated that he wishes to view
special ads, a category menu is presented, and the subscriber makes a
selection. In the data base, a search with ZIP code comparison is first
carried out. The ZIP code number of the subscriber is, it will be
remembered, available to the system, since the subscriber had to furnish
his access number when first accessing the system (FIG. 2).
The system first determines how many ads would be displayed if all ads from
venders having the same first three digits in the ZIP code were to be
displayed. If this is more than a predetermined number, e.g. more than
can, for example, be displayed on three full screens, then a comparison
using the first four zip code digits is carried out. If this too yields an
excessive number of items, only ads within the given category for which
the vendor ZIP code corresponds exactly to the subscriber's ZIP code will
be displayed.
The display of the ads then can take place at the speed desired by the
subscriber. After a given screenfull has been displayed, the subscriber
initiates the next display by activating a key on his keyboard. A number
of ads for a given vendor which have been viewed is stored under the
vendor's access number, so that a charge can be made for the viewing.
Special services might be provided, such as, for example, indicating the
profession, age, and other grouping of the viewer of the ad. Such services
would of course involve additional charges.
If the subscriber chooses to view classified ads, a category selection is
made, and a full screen of classified ads (e.g. 80 characters across and
24 lines downwards) is activated after a ZIP code comparison is detailed
with regard to the special ads.
In the preferred embodiment, the classified ad displayed operates under
control of a timer, not under the viewer's control. If there are further
ads, these are displayed one screenfull at a time. When the number of ads
has run out, the viewers return to the main menu.
If the subscriber indicated, at the start of the subroutine, that he wished
to place an ad rather than view ads, he is asked for the Zip Code, in
which he wants his ad to appear, and the classification into which the ad
should be placed. After he has selected the category, he is asked to
furnish the text of the classified ad.
After entry of the desired as has been completed, the completion is
indicated by a key-board signal. The data is transmitted to the main
computer unit, which transmits it back for viewing on the screen for
verification. If the subscriber indicates that the text is incorrect, the
data entry routine is repeated. If the information displayed is correct,
the subscriber so indicates, and the ad text is stored under the correct
classification and corresponding billing data is entered. so that the bill
can, for example, be prepared off-line by an operator calling for a
computer print-out of a particular billing section.
It is to be noted again that subscribers are not charged for access to the
system, either at a flat rate or per unit time. There may, however, be a
need to allocate time per viewer when the system is in a higher use. This
is implemented as follows; each telephone line has a modem associated with
it. The computer, as it answers the phone lines via modem, assigns a
process ID number to each active modem, and also indicates the time at
which the modem became active. The number of process ID numbers is then
counted, and if equal to the number of available telephone lines, the
timing program commences.
It is first determined whether the user is currently engaged in a
revenue-raising activity, e.g. a purchase of an item, or a non-revenue
raising activity such as, for example, viewing community events. If it is
a non-revenue raising activity, the computer compares the current time to
the time assigned to each process ID number, and takes appropriate action
when the elapsed time exceeds a predetermined limit. This action includes
a warning and subsequently the communication is cut off. If it is a
revenue raising activity, additional time is added to the clock.
A check is also carried out to determine whether the subscriber has
activated the key-board within the previous five minutes. Whenever it is
determined that no activity from the subscriber has occurred, he is
assumed to have walked away and will be signed off.
While the invention has been illustrated in a preferred embodiment, it is
not to be limited to the apparatus and computer routines shown, since many
variations thereof will be evident to one skilled in the art and are
intended to be encompassed in the present invention as set forth in the
following claims.
* * * * *
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Description |
|
