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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an electronic apparatus with a data recording and
reproducing device, and more particularly to an electronic apparatus with
a magnetic recording and reproducing device for recording tone data of
melody or the like as digital data on a magnetic recording medium such as
a magnetic tape and reading it back for reproducing the melody or the
like.
Electronic musical instruments, in which tone data can be preset in an
internal memory and read out for auto-play, have been used. The internal
memory, however, is a semiconductor memory having relatively small
capacity. Therefore, it is impossible to store a plurality of music
numbers and selectively read them out for reproduction in auto-play.
Usually, only a single music number can be stored in the semiconductor
memory, and if it is desired to obtain the auto-play of a different
number, it is necessary to renew the memory data.
Magnetic recording medium such as a magnetic tape is used as means for
recording a large quantity of music numbers. With a data reproducing
device of the conventional type, such as a cassette tape recorder, music
numbers, etc., recorded on a magnetic tape have been sequentially read and
reproduced in accordance with a recorded sequence, starting from the
leading and or a middle of the magnetic tape. Thus, music can be
reproduced only in a recorded sequence and, therefore, the output is
monotonous to the listener.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the invention is to provide an electronic apparatus including
a data reproducing device which is able to offer reproductions without
losing freshness, though the same recording means is repeatedly used for
the reproductions.
According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above-described
object, a random number generated by a random number generation means is
compared with a recording sequence number from the means for reading a
recording sequence of each data stored in the recording means and, by
selecting the data of the same sequence as the random number, a plurality
of data are randomly reproduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the electronic
musical instrument with tape recorder according to the invention;
FIGS. 2A and 2B are block diagrams showing the circuitry of the electronic
musical instrument with tape recorder shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an interface section in the
circuitry of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view showing part of a music score;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a symbol expression of the tone data of the score
of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a view showing a tone length format;
FIG. 7 is a view showing a tone data format table;
FIG. 8 is a view showing codes of tone data expression of FIG. 5;
FIG. 9 is a binary code expression of the codes shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a waveform chart for explaining the operation of an interface
section shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the circuit of FIG.
3;
FIG. 12 is a waveform chart for explaining the operation of the interface
section;
FIG. 13 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the circuit of FIG.
3;
FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a different embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 15 is a view showing a recording data format of a tape recorder;
FIG. 16 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the embodiment of
FIG. 14;
FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a further embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 18 is a view showing an example of the display on a display section
shown in FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the embodiment of
FIG. 17;
FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a still further embodiment of the
invention;
FIG. 21 is a view showing a recording data format;
FIG. 22 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the embodiment of
FIG. 20;
FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing a further embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 24A and 24B are flow charts for explaining the operation of the
embodiment of FIG. 20;
FIGS. 25A and 25B are top views showing an operation panel of a further
embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing the circuitry of the embodiment of FIG.
25;
FIG. 27 is a view showing the relation between tone color designation keys
and data area blocks;
FIG. 28 is a view showing a recording data format of a magnetic tape;
FIGS. 29A and 29B are views showing the construction of a display section;
FIGS. 30 to 33 are flow charts for explaining various programs of control
of the circuit of FIG. 26;
FIG. 34 is a view showing an example of title designation; and
FIG. 35 shows various states of display on a display section.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An embodiment of the invention will now be described. Referring to FIG. 1,
there is shown an electronic musical instrument with tape recorder. The
instrument comprises a casing 1, the front of which has an electronic
musical instrument section 2 provided in a central portion and a cassette
tape recorder section 3 provided on the left side of the section 2. A
radio receiver section 4 is provided on a right upper portion, and a
sounding section 5 and an internal microphone 6 are provided under the
section 4. The top of the casing 1 has a first mode switch provided on a
right hand portion. It also has a switch group 3A provided on a left hand
portion. The switch group 3A permits selection of six different modes of
the cassette tape recorder section 3. An antenna 8 is provided on a rear
portion of the top of the casing 1. It can supply intercepted
electromagnetic waves to an internal circuitry in the instrument. The
casing 1 accommodates various components of the electronic musical
instrument section, cassette tape recorder section and radio receiver
section as well as electronic components of an acoustic transducer
circuitry, a battery and a loudspeaker, these being common to these
sections.
The electronic musical instrument section 2 has a play key group 2A having
play keys for two octaves (i.e., 24 keys) arranged in the form of a
keyboard. It also has a chord designation key group 2B, a second mode
switch 2C and a volume switch group 2D, these key and switch groups being
provided above the play key group 2A. It further has a display section 2E
and a control key group 2F. The control key group 2F is used to couple
musical data of melody or the like to a RAM (random access memory, for
instance constituted by a C-MOS to be described later) for auto-play. The
section 2 further has a one-key play key section 2G. The play keys in the
play key group 2A can be used for ordinary manual play. They also can be
used together with the control key group 2F to designate memory numbers
(i.e., number of memory area divisions of the RAM), rhythm patterns and
accompaniment arpeggio patterns. This, however, is irrelevant to the
invention and, hence, is not described.
The chord designation key 2B includes a root designation key group 2B-1 and
a chord kind designation key group 2B-2, these key groups being in the
form of keyboards. It allows a large number of different chords such as
major, minor and seventh chords with respect to 12 different roots to be
produced.
The second mode switch 2C can designate a power "off" (OFF) mode, a
recording (REC) mode, an ordinary play (PLAY) mode and a tape (TM) mode of
the electronic musical instrument section 2.
The volume control group 2D includes volume controls 2D-1 and 2D-2 for
controlling the overall volume and tone volume respectively and controls
2D-3, 2D-4 and 2D-5 for controlling the volumes of melody, chord and
rhythm respectively.
The display section 2E may be a liquid crystal display, and it can display
program data including musical data of notes, chords, etc. obtainable by
operating the various keys and switches noted above.
The control key group 2F includes a save key 2F-1 and a load key 2F-2 along
with other keys. The save key 2F-1 is used for transferring data in the
RAM to a magnetic tape in the cassette tape recorder section 3 with the
electronic musical instrument section 2 in the tape (TM) mode. The load
key 2F-2 is used for transferring data from the magnetic tape into the RAM
in the same mode.
The switch group 3A for the cassette tape recorder section 3 has switches
for well-known functions, i.e., a tape stop/eject function, a tape pause
function, a tape fast feed function, a tape rewind function and a
play/record function. The mechanism for accommodating the magnetic tape
(not shown) and the play/record function, are the same as in the prior art
and are not described.
The radio receiver section 4 also has the same construction as in a
well-known cassette tape recorder with radio receiver. In the instant
embodiment, it can receive both AM and FM broadcast channels.
The circuitry of the embodiment will now be described with reference to
FIG. 2. The circuit of FIG. 2 mainly comprises an electronic musical
instrument circuit 11, a cassette tape recorder circuit 12, a radio
receiver circuit 13 and an acoustic transducer circuit 14. The electronic
musical instrument circuit 11 includes a CPU (central processing unit)
11A. It also includes a key switch section 11B, a RAM 11C, a tone
generating section 11D and an interface 11E, these being coupled through
respective bus lines to the CPU 11A. The CPU 11A can control all the
operations of the electronic musical instrument section 2 for generating
music. Also, it can control the operations of the cassette tape recorder
section 3 and radio receiver section 4. It consists of one or more
microprocessors. The key switch section 11B has the play key group 2A,
chord designation key group 2B and second mode switch 2C, these being
provided in the electronic musical instrument section 2. The RAM 11C can
store tone data coupled from the key switch section 11B and also tone data
loaded from the magnetic tape of the cassette tape recorder section 3. The
tone data that is stored in the RAM 11C in the above manner, may be saved
in the magnetic tape or supplied to the acoustic transducer circuit 14 for
sounding. The tone generating section 11D is a circuit, which can generate
tones according to data supplied from the key switch section 11B or data
read out from the RAM 11C. Tone signals generated from the tone generating
section 11D are coupled through the second mode switch 2C and first mode
switch 7 to the acoustic transducer circuit 14 for sounding. The interface
11E is a circuit connected between the CPU 11A and cassette tape recorder
circuit 12. It may be constructed on the basis of, for instance, the
Kansus City Standard System, and a similar technology is disclosed in
Japanese Patent Application No. 55-77845 filed by the same assignee as the
present invention. This interface circuit will be described later in
detail.
The cassette tape recorder circuit 12 includes two equalizers 12A and 12B
and an AGC (automatic gain control) 12C. A magnetic head 12D which is in
contact with the magnetic tape can be connected through a terminal PLAY of
the switch group 3A to the equalizer 12A. Tone data reproduced from the
magnetic tape can be coupled through the equalizer 12A and a terminal TAPE
of the first mode switch 7 to the acoustic transducer circuit 14 for tape
play. It also can be transferred through the equalizer 12A and a terminal
MT of the second mode switch 2C to the RAM 11C to be stored in the same.
The internal microphone 6 and an external microphone terminal 12F are
connected through a transfer gate 12E and a terminal REC of the switch
group 3A to the equalizer 12A. Speech signal from the internal microphone
6 or external microphone thus can be recorded on the magnetic tape. The
transfer gate 12E is on-off controlled by a control signal C1 provided
from the CPU 11A. The equalizer 12B has its output connected to the
magnetic head 12D. It supplies a signal, the recording level of which is
automatically determined by the AGC 12C, to the magnetic tape for
recording therein. The switch section 12G selectively grounds the terminal
REC or terminal PLAY in an interlocked relation to the switch group 3A.
Signals intercepted by the antenna 8 (including signals from a wireless
microphone) are coupled to the radio receiver circuit 13. The output of
the radio receiver circuit 13 is coupled through a terminal A1 or FM of
the first mode switch 7 to the acoustic transducer circuit 14 for
reproducing an AM or FM broadcast program. Further, a signal from a
wireless microphone is coupled through the radio receiver circuit 13 to
the mixing circuit 15. The mixing circuit 15 can also receive a signal
from a mixing microphone (not shown), and its output is fed to the
acoustic transducer circuit 14 for sounding.
The acoustic transducer circuit 14 includes a pre-amplifier 14A, the volume
controls 2D-2 and 2D-1 as noted above which are connected in parallel
through a transfer gate 14B to the output side of the preamplifier 14A, a
power amplifier 14C connected to the output side of the volume control
2D-1, and a loudspeaker 14E for receiving the output of the power
amplifier 14C through a headphone jack 14D for sounding music or the like.
These components of the acoustic transducer circuit 14 are of well-known
constructions, so that they are not described. The transfer gate 14B is
on-off controlled by the control signal C2 from the CPU 11A.
The operation of this embodiment will now be described along with the
procedure of the operation. First, the case of using the embodiment as
radio receiver will be described. In this case, the first mode switch 7 is
set to the terminal AM or FM. A broadcast signal intercepted by the
antenna 8 and coupled to the radio receiver circuit 13 is fed through the
terminal AM or FM to the pre-amplifier 14A for amplification to a
predetermined level. The output of the pre-amplifier 14A is fed through
the transfer gate 14B, which is in an enabled state, to the volume
controls 2D-2 and 2D-1 for the control of the overall volume and tone
value, and then power-amplified in the power amplifier 14C to be sounded
from a headphone or the loudspeaker 14E (i.e., sounding section 5) as the
AM or FM program.
Now, the case of using the embodiment as a cassette tape recorder will be
taken. In this case, the first mode switch 7 is set to the terminal TAPE.
Also, the switch group 3A is set to the terminal PLAY by depressing a play
mode button. The magnetic head 12D thus reads out data from the magnetic
tape. The data read out is coupled through the equalizer 12A and terminal
TAPE to the acoustic transducer circuit 14 for sounding as music or the
like. At this time, a signal from a mixing microphone can be coupled
through the mixing circuit 15 to the acoustic transducer circuit 14. Thus,
it is possible to enjoy singing a song to the music reproduced.
For recording data on the magnetic tape, the first mode switch 7 is set to
the terminal TAPE, and then the switch group 3A is set to the terminal REC
by depressing a record mode button. The transfer gate 12E is in the
enabled state at this time. Thus, a speech signal coupled from the
internal microphone 6 or an external microphone is coupled through the
equalizer 12A and terminal TAPE to the pre-amplifier 14A. The output of
the pre-amplifier 14A is coupled through the equalizer 12B and magnetic
head 12D to the magnetic tape to be recorded in the same. The output of
the pre-amplifier 14A is fed back through the AGC 12C for gain control to
maintain a satisfactory recording state.
The case of using the embodiment as an electronic musical instrument will
now be described. In this case, the first mode switch 7 is set to the
terminal TAPE, and then the second mode switch 2C is set to the terminal
PR. In this way, the ordinary play mode is set. In this mode, tone data
corresponding to play keys manually operated in the play key group 2A and
sounding instruction data corresponding to the states of the other keys
and switches, are provided from the CPU 11A to be applied to the tone
generating section 11D. The tone generating section 11D generates
corresponding tone signals which are coupled through the terminal PR (FIG.
2) of the second mode switch 2C and the terminal TAPE of the first mode
switch 7 (FIG. 2) to the acoustic transducer circuit 14 for sounding. The
manual play is obtained in the above way. This manual play also can be
obtained while listening to the auto-play of melody and/or chord that may
be produced simultaneously, for instance according to melody or chord tone
data read out from the RAM 11C and coupled through the CPU 11A to the tone
generating section 11D.
For storing melody or chord tone data in the RAM 11C using the play key
group 2A and chord designation key group 2B, the second mode switch 2C is
set to the terminal REC while the first mode switch 7 is at the terminal
TAPE. In this state, melody and/or chord tone data that can be obtained by
operating the play key group 2A and other keys and switches can be
progressively written in the RAM 11C. In this case, the input tone data is
displayed on the display section 2E and is also sounded so that it can be
confirmed.
Now, the case of saving the tone data that has been stored in the RAM 11C
in the manner as described above in the magnetic tape will be described.
First, the first mode switch 7 is set to the terminal TAPE, and then the
second mode switch 2C is set to the terminal MT. Then, the switch group 3A
is set to the terminal REC, and the save key 2F-1 is turned on. Now, the
tone data stored in the RAM 11C is progressively read out and coupled
through the CPU 11A, interface 11E, terminal MT of the second mode switch
2C, terminal TAPE of the first mode switch 7, pre-amplifier 14A, equalizer
12B and magnetic head 12D to the magnetic tape to be recorded in the same.
At this time, the transfer gate 14B is in the disabled state. Thus, a
frequency signal that is obtained as a result of conversion of the tone
data read out from the RAM 11C in compliance with the Kansus City
Standards will never be sounded from the loudspeaker 14E.
Now, the converse case of loading the data reproduced from the magnetic
tape into the RAM 11C will be described. In this case, after setting the
first mode switch 7 to the terminal TAPE and the second mode switch 2C to
the terminal MT, the load key 2F-2 is turned on, and then the switch group
3A is set to the terminal PLAY. Now, data read out from the magnetic tape
is coupled through the equalizer 12A, terminal TAPE of the switch 7,
pre-amplifier 14A, interface 11E and CPU 11A to the RAM 11C to be loaded
in the same. Again in this case, the transfer gate 14B is held disabled,
so that there is no possibility of the sounding of frequency signals from
the magnetic tape.
The construction and operation of the interface 11E will now be described.
Referring to FIG. 3, 12-bit data which is to be saved from the RAM 11C to
the magnetic tape is transferred from the CPU 11A through a data bus B to
a parallel/serial circuit 11E-1 for conversion to serial data. The serial
data is fed to a flip-flop 11E-2, and the output therefrom is fed to one
input terminal of an AND gate 11E-3 and also to one input terminal of a
NOR gate 11E-4. A 4.8-kHz pulse signal is supplied to the other input
terminal of the AND gate 11E-3, while a 2.4-kHz pulse signal is supplied
to the other input terminal of the NOR gate 11E-4. The outputs of the two
gates 11E-3 and 11E-4 are fed through a NOR gate 11E-5 to a flip-flop
11E-6. The output of the flip-flop 11E-6 is integrated in an integrator
11E-7. The output of the integrator 11E-7 is applied to the terminal MT of
the switch 2C.
The parallel/serial circuit 11E-1 and flip-flop 11E-2 are operated in
synchronism to a .phi.-shift signal. The .phi.-shift signal is formed by a
NOR gate 11E-8, which receives the 2.4- and 4.8-kHz pulse signals. It is
also supplied to a scale-of-12 counter 11E-9 and an AND gate 11E-10. To
the AND gate 11E-10 are also fed a carry signal from the scale-of-12
counter 11E-9 and an S/L (SAVE/LOAD) signal from an S/L terminal of the
CPU 11A. The output of this three-input AND gate 11E-10 is fed to one
input terminal of an OR gate 11E-11. The S/L signal is also fed through an
inverter 11E-12 to one input terminal of a three-input AND gate 11E-13.
The output of the AND gate 11E-13 is fed to the other input terminal of
the OR gate 11E-11. The output of the OR gate 11E-11 is fed to a set input
terminal of a flip-flop 11E-14. The set output Q of the flip-flop 11E-14
is fed to a BUSY terminal of the CPU 11A.
A .phi.-set signal generated by CPU 11A is supplied to the reset terminal
of the flip-flop 11E-14. The .phi.-set signal is supplied also to the
parallel/serial circuit 11E-1 and the reset terminals of two flip-flops
11E-15 and 11E-16.
An output signal from the flip-flop 11E-16 is supplied to the flip-flop
11E-15, an inverter 11E-17 and one input terminal of a two-input AND gate
11E-18. An output of the flip-flop 11E-15 is supplied to the other input
terminal of the AND gate 11E-18. Output signals from the inverter 11E-17
and AND gate 11E-18 are supplied to an OR gate 11E-19, the output signal
of which is supplied to one input terminal of a two-input AND gate 11E-13.
Data to be loaded into the RAM 11C from the magnetic tape are supplied from
the pre-amplifier 14A (FIG. 2) to one input terminal of a comparator
11E-21 through a filter 11E-20. The other input terminal of the comparator
11E-21 is connected to a reference voltage source Vr. An output from the
comparator 11E-21 is supplied to the input terminals of flip-flops 11E-16
and 11E-22, the DI terminal of the CPU 11A and one input terminal of a NOR
gate 11E-23. The other input terminal of the NOR gate 11E-23 receives an
output signal from the flip-flop 11E-22. An output from the NOR gate
11E-23 is supplied to the reset terminal of a decimal counter 11E-24 and
the reset terminal of a flip-flop 11E-25. A carry signal from the decimal
counter 11E-24 is supplied to the CK terminal of the flip-flop 11E-25
through an inverter 11E-26 and to the CK terminals of the flip-flops
11E-15 and 11E-16. Q output signal from the flip-flop 11E-25 is supplied
to the input terminal of a flip-flop 11E-27 and one input terminal of a
two-input AND gate 11E-28. The other input terminal of the AND gate 11E-28
receives a Q output signal from the flip-flop 11E-27. An output signal
from the AND gate 11E-28 is supplied to the third input terminal of the
AND gate 11E-13. A Q output signal from the flip-flop 11E-25 is fed back
to the D input terminal of the flip-flop 11E-25. A clock pulse signal of
32 kHz is supplied to the CK terminals of the flip-flop 11E-22, flip-flop
11E-27 and decimal counter 11E-24.
Assume that data representing a printed score of a musical composition are
loaded into the RAM 11C and then read therefrom to be saved on a magnetic
tape. In this case, the interface 11E operates in the following manner.
The score of FIG. 4 can be written in a form as shown in FIG. 5. In the
data of FIG. 5, tone color designation data is first provided, and then
rhythm designation data is provided. In this example, piano is designated
as the tone color, while no rhythm designation is given. Subsequent to
these data, data representing the notes in the score of FIG. 4 are
provided in the same order. Each of the corresponding data consists of
chord data, note data and tone length data, these data being provided in
the mentioned order. The individual data is expressed either in one byte
or in two bytes. For example, for the chord "Dm" one byte is used for "D",
and another byte is used for "m". Note "FA" is expressed in one byte. The
chord "FA" with upper dot ".multidot." is in the upper octave than the
chord "FA" with no dot.
FIG. 6 shows an example of the format of the tone length data. This format
consists of 6 bits. The individual bits respectively from the least
significant bit when they are "1". FIG. 7 shows a table of an example of
the format of tone data other than the tone length data. Here, one-byte
data consists of upper 4 bits and lower 4 bits. The upper 4 bits are used
to represent numerals "0" to "5", while the lower 4 bits are used to
represent numerals "0" to "9" and alphabet letters "A" to "F". The tone
data as shown in FIG. 7 thus can be expressed by a total of 8 bits, i.e.,
the upper 4 bits and lower 4 bits. The tone data shown in FIG. 5 can be
written in a form as shown in FIG. 8 using the codes shown in FIGS. 6 and
7. For example, with the tone color designation data that is provided
first in the data of FIG. 5, which represent piano, the upper 4 bits in
one byte represent numeral "4" while the lower 4 bits represent numeral
"1". Thus, numeral "41" is the tone color designation data for piano.
The tone data that is transferred between the CPU 11A and interface 11E
shown in FIG. 3 has a 12-bit structure, which results by adding a one-bit
header before the one-byte data mentioned above and providing a one-bit
parity and then a two-bit ender after the one-byte data. FIG. 9 shows a
leading portion of the binary version of the data shown in FIG. 8. This
data begins with a start signal for 3 to 5 seconds. The start data is all
"1" data. It is followed by a header bit of "0". Subsequent to this bit,
the 8-bit data representing piano as the tone color is provided, which is
followed by a parity bit of "0" and then by two "1" bits constituting the
ender. Likewise, subsequent 12-bit tone data are provided successively.
Now, the save operation of the circuit of FIG. 3 will be described with
reference to the time chart of FIG. 10 and the flow chart of FIG. 11. For
this operation, the S/L signal from the CPU 11A is "1". A rectangular
pulse signal at 4.8 kHz as shown in (a) in FIG. 10 and a rectangular pulse
signal at 2.4 kHz as shown in (b) in FIG. 10 are supplied to the NOR gate
11E-8 shown in FIG. 3. The NOR gate 11E-8 thus provides a .phi.-shift
pulse signal as shown in (c) in FIG. 10. The parallel/serial circuit 11E-1
and flip-flop 11E-2 are operated in synchronism to the rise of the
.phi.-shift signal. The first bit data (1) of the 12-bit data, as shown in
(d) in FIG. 10 thus appears from the output side of the flip-flop 11E-2.
If this bit data (1) is "1", the output of the NOR gate 11E-4 is "0" so
that the 4.8-kHz pulse output is supplied from the AND gate 11E-3 to the
NOR gate 11E-5. Thus, a pulse output with a pulse width of one half of 2.4
kHz, i.e., 4.8 kHz, is obtained from the output side of the flip-flop
11E-6, and it is converted in the integrator 11E-7 into a sinusoidal wave
which is directed to the switch 2C. If the first bit data (1) is "0", the
output of the AND gate 11E-3 is "0" so that the 2.4-kHz pulse signal is
provided from the NOR gate 11E-4 and fed through the NOR gate 11E-5 to the
flip-flop 11E-6. Thus, an output at 1.2 kHz is obtained from the flip-flop
11E-6 and fed to the integrator 11E-7 for conversion into the sine wave.
When 12 .phi.-shift pulses are provided from the NOR gate 11E-8, a carry
signal is supplied from the scale-of-12 counter 11E-9 to the three-input
AND gate 11E-10. As a result, the flip-flop 11E-14 is set, and its Q
output is supplied to the BUSY terminal of the CPU 11A as shown in FIG.
10(e). The CPU 11A thus transfers the next 12-bit data to the
parallel/serial circuit 11E-1.
Now, the operation of saving of the actual data shown in FIG. 9 will be
described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 11. When an operation
for saving data is done, the start signal "111 . . . 111" is saved for 3
seconds, before a data is read out from the RAM 11C. If a baud rate is set
as 1,200 bits/sec., 3,600 bits of "1" are saved. This means that a 2.4-kHz
unit signal consisting of 12 bits of "1" is transferred 300 times through
the switch 2C to the magnetic tape. Subsequently, the CPU 11A reads out
the one-byte tone color designation data for piano from the RAM 11C and
prepares the 12-bit data by adding the header, parity and ender. After the
subsequent appearance of a busy signal, the first data of the tone color
designation data is transferred to the magnetic tape. Subsequently, the
address of the RAM 11C is incremented, and the next data, i.e., the rhythm
designation data, is saved into the magnetic tape in the manner as
described. In this way, all the data stored in the RAM 11C is saved into
the magnetic tape.
The steps of the save operation described above are shown in the flow chart
of FIG. 11.
How data are loaded into the RAM 11C from the magnetic tape by the circuit
of FIG. 3 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. First,
the S/L signal from the CPU 11A falls to level "0". The output from the
inverter 11E-12 therefore rises to level "1", thus opening the AND gate
11E-13. The data, or signals reproduced from the magnetic tape, are
amplified by the pre-amplifier 14A to have a predetermined level. Noise is
removed from these signals by the filter 11E-20, and the signals are thus
wave-shaped. The output signals from the filter 11E-20 are supplied to the
comparator 11E-21. The comparator 11E-21 converts the input sine wave
signal to a pulse signal as illustrated in FIG. 12(a).
The first item of data which is read from the magnetic tape is a pulsative
start signal of 2.4 kHz as shown in the left side of FIG. 12(a). This
start signal consists of "1" bits. The start signal is a series of "1"
bits. The start signal of 2.4 kHz is supplied to the one-shot circuit
which is comprised of the flip-flop 11E-22 and the NOR gate 11E-23. The
one-shot circuit converts the start signal to a pulse signal consisting of
extremely narrow pulses as shown in FIG. 12(b), in synchronism with the
trailing edges of the pulses of the start signal.
The pulse signal shown in FIG. 12(b) resets the decimal counter 11E-24. The
decimal counter 11E-24 generates a carry signal as shown in FIG. 12(c)
every time it counts 10 clock pulses of 32 kHz. After the decimal counter
11E-24 is reset by the output signal from the NOR gate 11E-23, about 310
.mu.sec elapses until the decimal counter 11E-24 generates a carry signal.
The carry signal from the decimal counter 11E-24 is inverted by the
inverter 11E-26 and supplied to the flip-flop 11E-25, thereby setting the
flip-flop 11E-25. A Q output signal from the flip-flop 11E-25 is supplied
to the pulse generating circuit comprised of the flip-flop 11E-27 and the
AND gate 11E-28. The AND gate 11E-28 generates narrow pulses shown in FIG.
12(d) which are synchronous with the trailing edges of the carry signal
from the decimal counter 11E-24.
If the output signal from the comparator 11E-21 has high level when the
counter 11E-24 generates a carry signal, the output signal from the
flip-flop 11E-16 rises as shown in FIG. 12(e). When the counter 11E-24
generates the next carry signal in this state, the flip-flop 11E-15 is set
and the output signal from the AND gate 11E-18 also rises as shown in FIG.
12(f). The output signal from the AND gate 11E-18 is supplied to the AND
gate 11E-13 via the OR gate 11E-19, and the output signal from the AND
gate 11E-13 is supplied to the flip-flop 11E-14 through the OR gate
11E-11. The flip-flop 11E-14 is therefore set and generates a Q output
signal as shown in FIG. 12(g). This Q output signal is supplied to the
busy terminal of the CPU 11A. In response to the Q output signal the CPU
11A starts reading data. Upon completion of data-reading, the CPU 11A
generates a .phi.-set signal from its reset terminal at such times as
illustrated in FIG. 12(h). As a result, the flip-flops 11E-14, 11E-15 and
11E-16 are reset. The signals shown in FIGS. 12(e), 12(f) and 12(g)
therefore fall as the .phi.-set signal rises.
As shown in FIG. 9, the first "0" which follows the start signal, i.e.,
series of "1" bits, is the first bit of musical data. The CPU 11A
therefore divides the musical data consisting of this "0" bit (header) and
other bits following this "0" into groups each consisting of 12 bits and
then performs parity check on each group. If the parity check shows that
the musical data are correct, one byte of data is written into the RAM
11C. In this way the data read from the magnetic tape are loaded into the
RAM 11C one by one. FIG. 13 is a flow chart illustrating how to load
musical data into the RAM 11C.
While the above embodiment has employed a monoral cassette tape recorder,
it is of course possible to incorporate a stereo cassette tape recorder.
Further, in such a case, it is possible to produce the play sound in
stereo (that is, it is possible to provide for a desired acoustical
orientation).
As has been shown, with the electronic musical instrument according to the
invention, which incorporates a tape recorder and also a radio receiver,
music data can be stored in a great quantity for a long period of time in
a magnetic tape or the like, and automatic play of a large number of
numbers can be easily obtained. In addition, excellent sound quality can
be obtained in such case because the data is coupled through the tone
generator in the electronic musical instrument for sounding. Further, it
is possible to select many tone colors. Still further, sound input to a
microphone and music from the magnetic tape or electronic musical
instrument section can be readily mixed, so that it is possible to sing
songs to the auto-play music. Moreover, the acoustic transducer comprising
the amplifier, loudspeaker and so forth can be commonly used for the tape
recorder, electronic musical instrument and radio receiver. Thus, the
circuit construction can be simplified to reduce cost.
According to the invention, tone data of a plurality of music numbers,
e.g., tens to hundreds of numbers, can be recorded as digital data on a
magnetic tape which has a large capacity. This means that it is possible
to quickly select a desired number among the recorded numbers for
playback.
Further, according to the invention titles of a large number of music
numbers recorded on a magnetic tape can also be recorded as speech data
thereon so that a desired number can be selected by inputting the title of
the desired number in voice.
This is realized as an embodiment shown in FIGS. 14 through 16, which will
now be described. In these Figures, like parts as those in FIGS. 1 through
13 are designated by like reference numerals and symbols. Referring to
FIG. 14, which shows the circuitry of the embodiment, a control key group
2F includes a title input key 2F-3 and a title designation key 2F-4 as
well as a save key 2F-1 and a load key 2F-2. The title input key 2F-3 is
used when storing a number title input. The title designation key 2F-4 is
used when selecting a title of a recorded number of music. In this
embodiment, the title can be input and designated as a speech. Tone data
provided from a keyboard 2A and signals from a key switch section 2 are
coupled to a CPU 11A.
The electronic musical instrument includes a hand microphone 6a which can
be removably coupled. A speech signal input from the microphone 6a is
coupled to a speech recognition device 21 for conversion to digital speech
data which is in turn coupled through a gate 22 to the CPU 11A. The gate
22 passes the speech data in the MT mode as described earlier whenever a
gate control signal is produced from the key switch section 2F with the
operation of a particular key.
The CPU 11A can provide a read/write signal R/W to a RAM 11C for
controlling the read/write operation thereof. It is also interconnected
with the RAM 11C via a data bus line. The RAM 11C can store tone data from
the keyboard 2A, speech data from the microphone 6a and various record
data loaded from a magnetic tape in a cassette tape recorder section 12.
The data stored in the RAM 11C can be saved into the magnetic tape or it
can be coupled through the tone generator 11D and an amplifier 14C to a
loudspeaker 14E for sounding. Of the various record data stored in the
magnetic tape of the cassette tape recorder section 12, the speech data is
transferred through an interface 11E and the CPU 11A to an output buffer
23 to be stored in the same. The data in the output buffer 23 is fed
together with the data in an input buffer 24, which memorizes the output
data of the gate 22, to a coincidence circuit 25. The coincidence circuit
25 detects the coincidence of the data from both the buffers 23 and 24. If
it detects a coincidence, it produces a load signal LOAD. When the two
input data do not coincide, it provides a fast feed signal FF. Both the
signals LOAD and FF are fed to the CPU 11A.
The operation of the embodiment will now be described. First, a case of
recording data on the magnetic tape of the tape recorder section 12 is
taken. The title input key 2F-3 is depressed with the mode switch 2C in
the position REC. Then, the title of a number to be recorded is input in
speech from the microphone 6a. The microphone 6a thus supplies a speech
signal to the speech recognition device 21. The speech recognition device
21 converts the input speech signal into digital speech data, which is
supplied to the CPU 11A to be written in a designated address area of the
RAM 11C. When a predetermined period of time has passed after the coupling
of the title, the CPU 11A supplies a title end code to the RAM 11C. This
code is written subsequent to the title data. Then, tone data of the music
number of that title to be recorded can be written in the RAM 11C by
manually playing the number on the keyboard 2A. The tone data thus input
is also coupled to the tone generator 11D and sounded, so that it is
possible to confirm that it is accurately input. It is to be understood
that a number of music numbers can be recorded successively by inputting
the title of each number first and then the tone data of that number. In
the RAM 11C, the title data and tone data of the successive music numbers
are stored.
To save the title data and tone data stored in the RAM 11C into the
magnetic tape in the cassette tape recorder section 12, the mode switch 2C
is set to the position MT, and then the save key 2F-1 is depressed. The
cassette tape recorder section 12 is thus set in the record mode. In this
mode, the CPU 11A reads out the title data from the RAM 11C and transfers
it to the interface 11E. The interface 11E converts the input title data
into a digital magnetic recording signal. This magnetic recording signal
is supplied to the cassette tape recorder section 12 to be recorded on the
magnetic tape. When the recording of the title data is completed, the CPU
11A supplies a title end code to the interface 11E. Then, it reads out the
tone data of the number, the title data of which has been previously
transferred, from the RAM 11C and transfers it to the cassette tape
recorder section 12 for recording on the magnetic tape. FIG. 15 shows the
data which is recorded on the magnetic tape in the above way. It
represents the format of the data stored in the magnetic tape. As is
shown, the title data is first recorded, then the title end code and then
the tone data for each number of music. That is, a number of sets of data
each consisting of the title data, title end code and tone data are
recorded for the corresponding numbers of music. In this format, each
title data record area is provided subsequent to a blank area (i.e.,
sound-free area) in which no data is recorded. Each blank area thus is
provided between adjacent sets of data.
Now, the operation will be described in connection with a case of loading
recorded data of a desired number from the magnetic tape into the RAM 11C
by designating the title of that number in speech. To this end, the title
designation key 2F-4 is first depressed with the mode switch 2C in the
position MT. Then, the title of the number to be loaded is input in speech
from the microphone 6a, and then the load key 2F-2 is depressed. As a
result, a program as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 16 is executed. In a
first step S1 of the program, the speech signal from the microphone 6a is
converted in the speech recognition device 21 into digital data to be
transferred as title designation data through the gate 22 to the input
buffer 24. Then, a | | |
