This invention incorporates the discovery of new principles which utilize magnetic and electric fields generated by time varying square wave currents of precise repetition, width, shape and magnitude to move through coils and cutaneously applied conductive electrodes in order to stimulate the nervous system and reduce pain in humans. Timer means, adjustment means, and means to deliver current to the coils and conductive electrodes are described, as well as a theoretical model of the process. The invention incorporates the concept of two cyclic expanding an collapsing magnetic fields which generate precise wave forms in conjunction with each other to create a beat frequency which in turn causes the ion flow in the nervous system of the human body to be efficiency moved along the nerve path where the locus of the pain exists to thereby reduce the pain. The wave forms are create either in one or more coils, one or more pairs of electrodes, or a combination of the two.

Apparatus for the treatment of arthritis utilizing magnetic field therapy includes an adjustable voltage source adapted to be connected to a source of line voltage and a coil connected to the adjustable voltage source. The coil is wound on a bobbin having a centrally disposed opening suitable for receiving therein appendages of a human being as well as body portions thereof. The bobbin is formed of copper or one of its alloys.

Detectable markers that may be introduced into a cavity created by removal of a biopsy specimen to mark the location of the biopsy site so that it may be located in a subsequent medical/surgical procedure. The markers remain present in sufficient quantity to permit detection and location of the biopsy site at a first time point (e.g., 2 weeks) after introduction but clear from the biopsy site or otherwise not interfere with imaging of tissues adjacent the biopsy site at a second time point (e.g., 5-7 months) after introduction.

An method for generating a therapeutic magnetic field to be applied to a biological subject is disclosed wherein biomagnetic fields are measured and component vector wave patterns are derived therefrom, and a therapeutic Normalizing Signal is derived from the harvested wave patterns. A therapeutic apparatus is provided which is operable to generate magnetic fields having a vector component wave pattern approximately equal to the Normalizing Signal. In a preferred embodiment, magnetic field measurements for a selected site are taken from Normal and Abnormal test subjects, and a Difference Wave is derived from the data. The Normalizing Signal can then be derived from the Difference Wave using predefined algorithms. The therapeutic apparatus has a coil which has known current/magnetic field characteristics so that source current can be calculated to generate a magnetic field which is a function of the Normalizing Signal.