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Method of casting aluminum
   
Document Number
US Patent 4850422
Issued Date
July 25, 1989
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Abstract
A method for improving the quality of aluminum ingots or billets formed by the direct chill method comprises applying a small amount of an insulating, nonreactive powder to the surface of the molten metal.
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Method of casting aluminum - US Patent 4850422 Drawing
Drawing from US Patent 4850422
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Number of Claims:
8
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Published
July 25, 1989
Application Number
06/851,276
Filed
April 10, 1986
US Classification
164/473   164/472
Int'l Classification
B22D   11/11   (20060101)   B22D   11/111   (20060101)  
Attorney/Law Firm
Parent Case
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 757,266 filed July 22, 1985, now abandoned.
USPTO Field of Search
164/473   164/55.1   164/56.1   164/472   164/122   164/459  
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5447291 - Processes for fabricating structural ceramic bodies and structural ceramic-bearing composite bodies - Owned by The Ohio State University (Columbus, OH)

Shaped refractory ceramic and refractory ceramic composite objects are made from corresponding shaped, oxidation-resistant-metal-bearing objects through exposure to an oxidizing environment without substantial changes in dimensions by providing in the shaped metal-bearing objects a combination of a) metals which when oxidized form a ceramic compound with a larger molar volume than the molar volume of the metals consumed to make the ceramic compound with b) metals which when oxidized form a ceramic compound with a smaller molar volume than the molar volume of the metals consumed to make the ceramic compound. Metal-bearing objects, containing metals such as silicon or aluminum, which when oxidized form ceramic or ceramic-composite objects containing refractory ceramic compounds of desired properties, such as compounds containing silicon oxide or aluminum oxide, for which the ceramic compounds have a molar volume that is greater than the molar volumes of the metals consumed to make the ceramic compounds, expand upon oxidation, thereby having an adverse effect on the properties of the resulting ceramic and preventing the maintenance of the dimensions of the metal-bearing objects. The present invention is the discovery that when alkali or alkaline earth metals, which when oxidized have molar volumes that are less than such metals, are alloyed with or otherwise combined with oxidation-resistant metals that are formed into the metal-bearing objects and converted into desired refractory ceramics, swelling, resulting loss of mechanical properties, and dimensional changes are reduced or eliminated. Further, such combination of a) metals that after oxidation form ceramic compounds having a molar volume greater than the molar volumes of the metals consumed to make the ceramic compound with b) alkali or alkaline earth metals that after oxidation form ceramic compounds having a molar volume less than the molar volume of the alkali or alkaline earth metals consumed to make the ceramic compounds provides an unexpectedly advantageous brazing alloy for joining ceramic-bearing bodies.

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