A molten salt electrolyte battery having an increased overcharge tolerance employs a negative electrode with two lithium alloy phases of different electrochemical potential, one of which allows self-discharge rates which permits battery cell equalization.
A method for producing a metallic oxide-hydrogen secondary battery is provided. The method comprises the steps of disposing generating elements consisting of positive electrodes containing metallic oxides, negative electrodes containing hydrogen-absorbing alloys, and separators in a plurality of cell chambers equipped with safety valves, each cell chamber having different capacity; pouring an electrolyte into each cell chamber; and repeating charge and discharge cycles on condition that safety valves work at pressure G in the range of 1<G.ltoreq.6 atm so that the amount of the electrolyte in each cell chamber is kept constant.
A cell or battery of cells having improved overcharge tolerance and increased power capability, and methods for the construction of such cells or batteries, via electrolyte modification.
A high temperature molten salt bipolar stacked module battery is provided which electrolyte creepage between cells is shielded and compression maintained on the cell stacks during thermal cycling. In addition, the modular design of the individual cells lends this construction to high voltage battery make-up.
A molten salt electrolyte/separator for battery and related electrochemical systems including a molten electrolyte composition and an electrically insulating solid salt dispersed therein, to provide improved performance at higher current densities and alternate designs through ease of fabrication.
A high temperature battery which has a cathode comprising either sulphur or a metal sulphide, an anode comprising either an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or an alloy of either and, disposed between them, an electrolyte comprising an alkali metal halide. The materials in the cathode composition are electrochemically in excess to the materials in the anode composition. Potassium chloride, potassium iodide or, preferably, potassium bromide is added to the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte. When potassium bromide is added, ideally, it is added to the electrolyte in excess to the alkali metal halides present in the electrolyte. In one particular example, the cathode comprises iron sulphide, the anode comprises a lithium aluminum alloy, the electrolyte comprises a ternary metal halide and potassium bromide is added to all three. Magnesia can be further added to the anode, cathode and electrode.
