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Description  |
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cosmetic cream compositions containing an
antiperspirant active material. In particular, it relates to
antiperspirant creams, and methods for making such compositions, with
improved stability, efficacy, cosmetic and wash-off characteristics.
Compositions designed to stop or reduce the flow of perspiration are well
known in the cosmetic and chemical literature. Antiperspirants typically
contain an astringent material, such as an astringent aluminum or
zirconium salt. These compositions are designed to deliver the active to
the skin in an effective form, while being cosmetically acceptable.
A variety of methods have been used to apply antiperspirant compositions to
the skin. For example, sprays, roll-ons, creams and stick compositions are
commonly used. Such formulations are described in S. Plechner,
"Antiperspirants and Deodorants" 2 Cosmetics, Science and Technology
373-416 (M. Balsam and E. Sagarin, editors, 1972).
Cream emulsions are also described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No.
4,268,499, Keil, issued May 19, 1981, and Australian patent specification
No. 8,430,026, published Jan. 3, 1985. Anhydrous creams, in gel form, are
described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,083,956, Shelton, issued Apr.
11, 1978, and European patent application No. 135,315, Kasat, published
Mar. 27, 1985.
Cream formulations, in general, have been less popular than other
antiperspirant product forms. For example, some cream compositions may be
sticky and produce aesthetically undesirable levels of residue on the
skin. Creams may lso be "messy" and otherwise difficult to apply. Special
packages and dispensers have been designed to reduce such application
negatives. However, cream formulations known in the literature may be
unacceptable for delivery from such dispensers.
It has been found that the antiperspirant creams of the present invention
containing selected emollients and thickening materials have good
application characteristics and very good efficacy while having good
aesthetic and cosmetic characteristics. In particular, such compositions
are stable, allowing use in cream dispensers. Such compositions also have
good rheology during application, very good efficacy, and leave low levels
of visible residue on the skin.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides antiperspirant cream compositions,
comprising:
(a) from about 5% to about 60% of a volatile silicone oil;
(b) from about 0.1% to about 60% of a non-volatile emollient having a
viscosity of at least about 10 cs at 25.degree. C.;
(c) from about 2% to about 10% of a particulate thickening material; and
(d) from about 15% to about 45% of a particulate antiperspirant active
material; and
(e) from about 0.1% to about 10% of a particulate hydrophilic polymer,
wherein said compositions have penetration force values of from about 150 g
to about 800 g at 25.degree. C. and at 50% relative humidity. These
compositions preferably contain a cosmetic powder material, at a level of
from about 2% to about 20%. This invention also provides methods for
making these compositions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The antiperspirant cream compositions of this invention contain five
essential ingredients: a volatile silicone oil, a non-volatile emollient,
a particulate thickening material, an antiperspirant active and a
hydrophilic polymer. They may also contain certain optional components,
such as (for example) cosmetic powders, colorants, perfumes and
emulsifiers. The essential and optional components to be included in these
creams must be "cosmetically acceptable", i.e., safe for human use and
aesthetically acceptable at the levels encompassed by the present
invention, at a reasonable risk/benefit ratio.
These compositions (herein "antiperspirant creams") encompass any
semi-solid composition that is suitable for depositing antiperspirant
material on human skin. The creams of this invention have a penetration
force value of from about 150 grams (g) to about 800 g, preferably from
about 200 g to about 550 g at 25.degree. C. and at 50% relative humidity,
as measured with a Stevens Texture Analyzer, manufactured by C. Stevens &
Sons, Ltd. (This value is the force required to move a standardized 2
centimeter diameter disk through the product, for a distance of 15
millimeters, at a rate of 2 millimeters/second.)
In particular, the antiperspirant creams of this invention comprise:
(a) from about 5% to about 60% of a volatile silicone oil;
(b) from about 0.1% to about 60% of a non-volatile emollient having a
viscosity of at least about 10 cs at 25.degree. C.;
(c) from about 2% to about 10% of a particulate thickening material; and
(d) from about 15% to about 45% of a particulate antiperspirant active
material; and
(e) from about 0.1% to about 10% of a particulate hydrophilic polymer,
wherein said compositions have a penetration force value of from about 150
g to about 800 g at 25.degree. C. and at 50% relative humidity. (As used
herein, all percentages are by weight of total composition.)
Preferably, these creams contain from about 20% to about 60% off the
volatile silicone oils, more preferably from about 30% to about 50%. The
non-volatile emollient is preferably present at a level of from about 12%
to about 30%, more preferably from about 15% to about 25%.
The particulate thickening material is preferably present at a level of
from about 2% to about 7%, more preferably from about 2.8% to about 4.5%.
The particulate hydrophilic polymer is preferably present at a level of
from about 0.25% to about 5.0% and most preferably from about 1.0% to
about 3.0%. Also preferably, the antiperspirant active material is present
at a level of from about 20% to about 30%. The total level of all
particulate materials (including the thickening material, the
antiperspirant active material, and any optional materials in particulate
form) is preferably from about 20% to about 50%, more preferably from
about 30% to about 50%, more preferably from about 32% to about 40%. As
used herein "particulate" materials are solid materials that are
substantially insoluble in the volatile silicone oils and non-volatile
emollients of the cream composition. The components of the invention are
described in detail below.
Essential Components
Volatile Silicone Oil:
The antiperspirant compositions of this invention contain one or more
volatile polyorganosiloxanes, which may function as a liquid emollient.
(As used herein, "volatile" refers to those materials which have a
measurable vapor pressure at ambient conditions.) The volatile
polyorganosiloxanes useful herein may be cyclic or linear. A description
of various volatile silicones is found in Todd, et al., "Volatile Silicone
Fluids for Cosmetics", 91 Cosmetics and Toiletries 27-32 (1976),
incorporated by reference herein.
Preferred cyclic silicones include polydimethylsiloxanes containing from
about 3 to about 9 silicon atoms, preferably containing from about 4 to
about 5 silicon atoms. Preferred linear silicone oils include the
polydimethylsiloxanes containing from about 3 to about 9 silicon atoms.
The linear volatile silicones generally have viscosities of less than
about 5 centistokes at 25.degree. C., while the cyclic materials have
viscosities of less than about 10 centistokes. Examples of silicone oils
useful in the present invention include: Dow Corning 344, Dow Corning 345,
and Dow Corning 200 (manufactured by the Dow Corning Corporation);
Silicone 7207 and Silicone 7158 (manufactured by the Union Carbide
Corporation); SF1202 (manufactured by General Electric); and SWS-03314
(manufactured by Stouffer Chemical).
Non-volatile Emollient:
The present antiperspirant compositions contain a non-volatile emollient
having a viscosity of at least about 10 centistokes (cs), at 25.degree. C.
The non-volatile emollient may consist of a single emollient, or a mixture
having an overall viscosity of at least about 10 cs. Preferably, the
non-volatile emollient has a viscosity of from about 100 cs to about 500
cs, more preferably from about 200 cs to about 500 cs.
Non-volatile emollients useful herein include fatty acid and fatty alcohol
esters, nearly water-insoluble ethers and alcohols, polyorganosiloxanes,
and mixtures thereof. Such emollients are described in 1 Cosmetics,
Science and Technology 27-104 (M. Balsam and E. Sagarin ed. 1972), and
U.S. Pat. No. 4,202,879, Shelton, issued May 13, 1980 (both incorporated
by reference herein).
The present compositions preferably contain a non-volatile silicone oil as
an emollient material. Such silicone oils include polyalkylsiloxanes,
polyalkyarylsiloxanes, and polyethersiloxane copolymers. Such polyalkyl
siloxanes include the Vicasil series (sold by General Electric Company)
and the Dow Corning 200 series (sold by Dow Corning Corporation).
Polyalkylaryl siloxanes include poly methylphenyl siloxanes having
viscosities of from about 15 to about 65 centistokes at 25.degree. C.
These are available, for example, as SF 1075 methylphenyl fluid (sold by
General Electric Company) and 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid (sold by Dow
Corning Corporation).
Particulate Thickening Material:
The compositions of this invention contain one or more materials which form
a semi-solid cream formulation (as described above) with the other
essential components. Such materials include colloidal silicas, silicates,
and mixtures thereof. These materials preferably form a cream having a
gel-like, shear-thinning matrix when used in the manner of this invention.
Silicates useful herein include, for example, montmorillonite clays and
hydrophilically treated montmorillonites, e.g., bentonites, hectorites and
colloidal magnesium silicates. When silicates are used as the thickening
material of the present creams, they are preferably present at a level of
from about 5% to abut 10%. Commercially-available silicates useful herein
include, for example, the "Bentone" series of hydrophobic bentonites,
manufactured by NL Industries, Inc.
When hydrophobically-treated bentonites are used as the thickening
material, the creams of this invention also preferably contain a
gel-promoting agent. Gel-promoting agents useful herein include, for
example, water, lower alcohols (such as ethanol), acetone, propylene
carbonate, and mixtures thereof. Such materials are preferably included at
a level of from about 1% to about 3%, more preferably from about 1.5% to
about 2.5%.
A preferred thickening material useful herein is finely divided silica, or
"colloidal silica", which is comprised of micron to sub-micron sized
silica particulates, with high surface areas (preferably greater than
about 100 square meters per gram of material). Preferably, the colloidal
silica material is less than about 1 micron in size. Also preferably, the
silica material used in the present compositions is a fumed silica.
Fumed silicas can generally be described as fluffy, white, superfine
powders of extremely low bulk density but having high surface areas. These
fumed silicas are typically made by a vapor phase process that produces
colloidal silica by the hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride at a very high
temperature. These materials typically consist of about 99.8% silicon
dioxide by weight (on a moisture free basis), existing in three
dimensional branched chain aggregates, with a surface that is hydrophilic
and capable of hydrogen bonding. Such silicas have surface areas ranging
from about 2.5 to about 1,200 square meters per gram. Colloidal silica
materials are described in Hardy, et al., "The Use of Fumed Silica in
Cosmetics", 2 Cosmetic Technology 35 (1980) (incorporated by reference
herein) and R. Iler, The Chemistry of Silica (1979).
Colloidal silica materials among those useful herein are available from a
variety of sources, including Syloid silicas (manufactured by Davison
Chemical Division of W. R. Grace), Cab-O-Sil (manufactured by Cabot
Corporation), and Aerosil (manufactured by Degussa A. G.). Cab-O-Sil is a
preferred commercially available colloidal silica useful herein, with a
surface area ranging from about 200 to about 400 square meters per gram.
Particulate Antiperspirnt Material:
The particulate antiperspirant materials of this invention comprise any
compound or composition or mixtures thereof, having antiperspirant
activity. Astringent metallic salts are preferred antiperspirant materials
for use herein, particularly including the inorganic and organic salts of
aluminum, zirconium and zinc, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred
are the aluminum and zirconium salts such as aluminum halides, aluminum
hydroxy halides, zirconyl oxide halides, zirconyl hydroxy halides, and
mixtures thereof.
Preferred aluminum salts include those of the formula
Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.a Cl.sub.b.sup..multidot. xH.sub.2 O
wherein a is from about 2 to about 5; a+b=6; x is from about 1 to about 6;
and wherein a, b, and x may have non-integer values. Particularly
preferred are aluminum chlorhydroxides referred to as "5/6 basic
chlorhydroxide", wherein a=5, and "2/3 basic chlorhydroxide," wherein a=4.
Processes for preparing aluminum salts are disclosed in the following
documents, all incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Pat. No. 3,887,692,
Gilman, issued June 3, 1975; U.S. Pat. No. 3,904,741, Jones et al., issued
Sept. 9, 1975; U.S. Pat. No. 4,359,456, Gosling, et al., issued Nov. 16,
1982; and British patent specification No. 2,048,229, Fitzgerald, et al.,
published Dec. 10, 1980. Mixtures of aluminum salts are described in
British patent specification No. 1,347,950, Shin, et al., published Feb.
27, 1974 (incorporated by reference herein).
Zirconium salts are also preferred for use in antiperspirant creams of the
present invention. Such salts are of the general formula
ZrO(OH).sub.2-a Cl.sub.a.sup..multidot. xH.sub.2 O
wherein a is from about 1.5 to about 1.87; x is from about 1 to about 7;
and wherein a and n may have non-integer values. These zirconium salts are
disclosed in Belgium Pat. No. 825,146, Schmitz, issued Aug. 4, 1975,
(incorporated by reference herein). Particularly preferred zirconium salts
are those complexes also containing aluminum and glycine, commonly known
as "ZAG complexes". Such ZAG complexes contain aluminum chlorhydroxide and
zirconyl hydroxychloride of the formulae detailed above. These compounds
in ZAG complexes are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,679,068, Luedders, et
al., issued Feb. 12, 1974 (incorporated herein by reference), and U.S.
Pat. No. 4,120,948, Shelton, issued Oct. 17, 1978 (incorporated by
reference herein).
Also useful are the ZAG complexes disclosed in G.P. patent application No.
2,144,992, Callaghan et al., published Mar. 20, 1985. These ZAG actives,
when analyzed by high pressure gel permeation chrometography, exhibit a
distribution pattern having four or more successive peaks or "bands" where
the height ratio of Bands IV to III is greater than 2:1.
More preferred are ZAG actives which have a total area under the curve of
bands I and II of less than about 10%, preferably less than about 5%, more
preferably less than about 2% and most preferably less than about 1%.
Hydrophilic Polymers:
The antiperspirant cream compositions of the present invention comprise at
least one particulate hydrophilic polymer. The inclusion of the
hydrophilic polymer assists in removal of the antiperspirant residue by
washing. Preferred hydrophilic polymers include cellulose ether polymers
(cationic, neutral, and anionic), modified starches, polyamides,
(especially polyacrylamides), and polypeptides, as disclosed generally in
Davidson, Handbook of Water-Soluble Gums and Resins, 1980. Preferably, the
polymer is selected from non-ionic cellulose ether polymers. Such
cellulose ether polymers are disclosed in Davidson, supra, Chapters 4 and
12-13. More preferred are cellulose ether polymers selected from
alkylcelluloses (e.g., methylcellulose), hydroxyalkylalkylcelluloses
(e.g., hydroxypropylmethylcellulose; hydroxybutylmethylcellulose;
hydroxyethylmethylcellulose; ethylhydroxyethylcellulose),
hydroxyalkylcelluloses (e.g., hydroxyethylcellulose;
hydroxypropylcellulose), and mixtures thereof. Most preferred are
hydroxyalkylcelluloses, especially hydroxyethylcellulose and hydroxy
propylcellulose. The cellulose ether polymers typically have molecular
weights within the range of from about 20,000 to about 5,000,000 and more
typically within the range of from about 50,000 to about 500,000.
Cellulose ether polymers are described in "Handbook of Water-Soluble Gums
and Resins" (McGraw-Hill Book Co., N.Y.; 1980; Davidson, editor), Chapters
3, 4, 12 and 13, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by
reference in their entirety.
The cellulose ether polymers to be utilized herein bind to polar solvents
such as water and ethanol. However, as utilized in the antiperspirant
compositions herein, these polymers are exposed to very little if any
polar solvents. Furthermore, the cellulose ether polymers utilized herein
are not dissolved in the antiperspirant composition but rather are
distributed throughout the composition in particulate form. It is
preferred that the particle size be small to prevent the antiperspirant
composition from having a "gritty" feel. Preferably, the particle size is
from 1 to about 500 microns, more preferably from about 1 to about 100
microns, and mst preferably from about 15 to about 75 microns. In the case
of non-spherical particles, the longest dimension of the particles is
considered for these preferred limits.
Representative examples of preferred cellulose ether polymers useful in the
compositions of the present invention are: hydroxyethylcellulose (Natrosol
250M sold by Hercules Chemical Co.); hydroxypropylcellulose (Klucel sold
by Hercules Chemical Co.); methyl cellulose (Methocel-A supplied by Dow
Chemical Co.); and poly(ethylene oxide) (Polyox sold by Union Carbide
Corp.). Most preferred is hydroxyethylcellulose.
The hydrophilic polymers in total typically comprise from about 0.1% to
about 10% by weight of the compositions of the present invention, more
preferably from about 0.25% to about 5%, and most preferably from about 1%
to about 3%.
Non-essential Components
The compositions of the present invention may also contain optional
components which modify the physical characteristics of the vehicles, or
serve as "active" components when deposited on the skin in addition to the
particulate antiperspirant material. Additional active components include
bacteriostats and fungistats. The particular non-active components that
may be useful will depend upon the form of application that is desired.
Such components include, for example, emollients, colorants, perfumes,
powders, and emulsifiers. Optional components useful herein are described
in the following documents, all incorporated by reference herein: U.S.
Pat. No. 4,049,792, Elsnau, issued Sept. 20, 1977; Canadian Pat. No.
1,164,347, Beckmeyer, et al., issued Mar. 27, 1984; European patent
specitication No. 117,070, May, published Aug. 29, 1984; and Geria,
"Formulation of Stick Antiperspirants and Deodorants," 99 Cosmetics &
Toiletries 55-60 (1984).
A preferred optional component is a cosmetic powder (or mixture of
powders), incorporated at a level of from about 2% to about 20%,
preferably from about 2% to about 10%. Preferred cosmetic powders useful
herein include "inert spherical particulate materials" having a mean
diameter of at least about 10 microns.
The "spherical particulate materials" are preferably essentially free of
(i.e., containing less than 2% by weight of material) particulates having
diameters greater than about 150 microns. Also preferably, the particles
have a mean diameter of from about 15 microns to about 75 microns.
Commercially-available inert particulate materials among those useful
herein may be of a non-uniform size distribution, containing some
particules outside the size ranges described herein. For the purposes of
this invention, such non-uniform materials preferably have a mean diameter
within the ranges described above.
Particularly preferred for use in the present invention is the inclusion of
the inert spherical particulate materials in a ratio of particulate
hydrophilic polymer to spherical particulate materials of from about 10:1
to about 1:10, preferably 5:1 to about 1:5.
As referred to herein, "inert particulates" are those particulates
comprised of materials or mixtures of materials that are essentially water
insoluble and which neither melt nor decompose nor react with the wax
thickener materials, silicone oils or other components of the
antiperspirant sticks, under the conditions of preparation and of use.
Among the optional particulate materials that may be incorporated in this
invention include those comprised of polyolefins (such as polystyrene,
polyethylene, and polypropylene), nylon, waxes, Teflon.RTM., insoluble
cross-linked starches, and mixtures thereof.
Preferred inert particulate materials include those comprised of
polyolefins, particularly polyethylene. Without being limited by theory,
it is believed that these materials enhance the stability of the
antiperspirant cream matrix by adding support to the matrix formed by the
particulate thickening material. Polyethylene materials, as well as
particulates made from other polyolefins, can be prepared by any of
several methods known in the art. (See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 2,825,721,
Hogan, et al., issued Mar. 4, 1958.) Polyethylene polymers with low
molecular weights such as 1,500 to 3,000, as well as polymers of such high
molecular weights as 35,000 to 100,000, may be used. One such polyethylene
powder useful in this invention is Microthene.RTM., manufactured by U.S.I.
Chemicals, having a mean particle diameter of from about 14 to about 20
microns. Among other commercially-available materials useful herein are 3M
Glass Bubbles (soda-lime borosilicate glass spheres sold by 3M Company)
and Miralite.RTM. (low density polyvinylidene chloride hollow
microspheres, of approximately 30 microns mean diameter, sold by Pierce &
Stevens Chemical Corporation).
Other cosmetic powders useful herein include silicate powders (including
talc, aluminum silicate, and magnesium silicate), modified corn starches,
metallic stearates, and mixtures thereof. Talc is described in K. S.
Plotkin, "Cosmetic Talc" 11 C.T.F.A. Cosmetic Journal 13-16 (1979),
incorporated by reference herein. Commercially-available powders include,
for example, Veecote (anhydrous aluminum silicate, sold by R. T.
Vanderbilt Company, Inc.) and Dry Flo (aluminum starch succinate, sold by
National Starch and Chemicals Company).
Methods
A preferred method for making the antiperspirant creams of this invention
generally comprises the steps of:
(a) admixing the essential and optional components of said creams, under
low-shear conditions, yielding a liquid mixture having a penetration value
of from about 15 grams to about 200 grams at 25.degree. C. and at 50%
relative humidity; and
(b) milling said liquid mixture, under high shear conditions, with a
dispersing disc at a disc tip speed of at least about 9 meters/second.
These processes may be batch processes (i.e., involving discrete processing
steps) or continuous (i.e., wherein the product composition is passed
between processing steps in essentially continuous increments). The
equipment used in this preferred process is commercially available.
The admixing step preferably involves first admixing the volatile silicone
oil and non-volatile emollient and any other liquid components. The
thickening material is then added, followed by the antiperspirant active
material and particulate hydrophilic polymer and any other particulate
components. Conventional blending equipment may be used. Preferably the
penetration value of the mixture is from about 40 g to about 175 g at
25.degree. C. and a 50% relative humidity.
The high-shear milling step is preferably performed in a conventional
dispersing disc milling apparatus. The tip speed of the dispersing disc is
preferably from about 18 meters/second to about 22 meters/second. The
mixture is preferably milled until a maximum penetration value is
obtained, preferably at least about 200 g, preferably from about 300 g to
about 400 g at 25.degree. C. and at 50% relative humidity.
Creams of this invention may be packed in conventional antiperspirant cream
containers, known in the art. Such packages typically contain the cream in
bulk form. The cream is then applied by hand, or by a pad or similar
applicator device. However, the present creams may also be provided in
other package dispensers, designed to extrude or otherwise directly apply
the creams to the skin.
The following non-limiting examples illustrate the compositions, processes
nd uses of the present invention.
EXAMPLE I
An antiperspirant cream, according to this invention, was made comprising:
______________________________________
Component % (by weight)
______________________________________
cyclomethicone (d5)
43.5
dimethicone (350 cs)
20.0
Cab-O-Sil HS-5.sup.1
4.0
Microthene FN510.sup.2
3.0
Natrosol.sup.3 2.0
Reach AZ.sup.4 26.7
fragrance 0.8
______________________________________
.sup.1 colloidal silica thickening material, sold by Cabot Corporation.
.sup.2 low density polyethylene powder, sold by U.S.I. Chemicals.
.sup.3 hydroxy ethyl cellulose, sold by Hercules, Inc.
.sup.4 zirconium-aluminum-glycine hydroxychloride complex, particulate
antiperspirant active material, sold by Reheis Chemical Company.
The cyclomethicone and dimethicone and perfume are added to a stainless
steel mixing vessel. The Cab-O-Sil is then added, followed by the
Microthene and Natrosol and, finally, the antiperspirant active. The
composition is thoroughly stirred after addition of each particulate
material.
The composition is then milled, using a Black & Decker Die Grinder (Model
4420, type 4) with a 6.35 cm diameter Cowles dispersing blade at
approximately 6000 rpm, for approximately 5 minutes. The penetration force
value of the milled composition is approximately 300 grams at 25.degree.
C. and at 50% relative humidity.
An antiperspirant cream formulation, comprised as above, is applied to the
underarm area of a human subject, and reduces the perspiration in the
applied area.
EXAMPLE II
An antiperspirant cream, according to this invention, is made comprising:
______________________________________
Component % (by weight)
______________________________________
cyclomethicone (d5)
43.5
dimethicone (350 cs)
20.0
Cab-O-Sil HS-5.sup.1
4.0
Microthene FN510.sup.2
3.0
polyox.sup.3 2.0
Reach AZ.sup.4 26.7
fragrance 0.8
______________________________________
.sup.1 colloidal silica thickening material, sold by Cabot Corporation.
.sup.2 low density polyethylene powder sold by U.S.I. Chemicals.
.sup.3 poly (ethylene oxide), sold by Union Carbide Corp.
.sup.4 zirconium-aluminum-glycine hydroxychloride complex, particulate
antiperspirant active material, sold by Reheis Chemical Company
The cyclomethicone and dimethicone and perfume are added to a stainless
steel mixing vessel. The Cab-O-Sil is then added, followed by the
Microthene and, finally, the antiperspirant active. The composition is
thoroughly stirred after addition of each particulate material.
The composition is then milled, using a Black & Decker Die Grinder (Model
4420, type 4) with a 6.35 cm diameter Cowles dispersing blade at
approximately 6000 rpm, for approximately 5 minutes. The penetration force
value of the milled composition is to be approximately 300 grams at
25.degree. C. and at 50% relative humidity.
An antiperspirant cream formulation, comprised as above, is applied to the
underarm area of a human subject, and reduced the perspiration in the
applied area.
EXAMPLE III
An antiperspirant cream, according to this invention, is made comprising:
______________________________________
Component % (by weight)
______________________________________
cyclomethicone (d5)
44.3
dimethicone (350 cs)
15.0
Cab-O-Sil 4.0
Natrosol 2.0
Microthene 3.0
talc 5.0
ZAG antiperspirant active
26.7
______________________________________
The antiperspirant cream is made by a method analogous to that described in
Example I. The penetration force value is approximately 520 at 25.degree.
C. and at 50% relative humidity.
EXAMPLE IV
An antiperspirant cream, according to this invention, is made comprising:
______________________________________
Component % (by weight)
______________________________________
cyclomethicone (D4)
45.3
dimethicone (350 cs)
20.0
Cab-O-Sil 3.0
Natrosol 2.0
Microthene 3.0
ZAG antiperspirant active
26.7
______________________________________
The antiperspirant cream is made by a method analogous to that described in
Example I. The penetration force value is approximately 170 at 25.degree.
C. and at 50% relative humidity.
EXAMPLE V
An antiperspirant cream, according to this invention, is made comprising:
______________________________________
Component % (by weight)
______________________________________
cyclomethicone (D4)
34.3
dimethicone (350 cs)
20.0
Cab-O-Sil 4.0
Natrosol 3.0
Microthene 12.0
ZAG antiperspirant active
26.7
______________________________________
The antiperspirant cream is made by a method analogous to that described in
Example I. The penetration force value is approximately 750 at 250.degree.
C. and at 50% relative humidity.
EXAMPLE VI
An antiperspirant cream, according to this invention, is made comprising:
______________________________________
Component % (by weight)
______________________________________
cyclomethicone (D5)
39.8
dimethicone (10 cs)
10.0
Bentone 38.sup.1 3.0
Cab-O-Sil 2.0
Natrosol 2.0
Microthene 6.0
talc 5.0
Veecote.sup.2 4.5
ZAG antiperspirant active
26.7
______________________________________
.sup.1 hydrophobically-treated bentonite, manufactured by NL Industries,
Inc.
.sup.2 anhydrous aluminum silicate, manufactured by R. T. Vanderbilt
Company
The antiperspirant cream is made by a method analogous to that described in
Example I. The penetration force value is approximately 350 at 25.degree.
C. and at 50% relative humidity.
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