 |
Claims  |
|
|
We claim:
1. Cosmetic composition intended for hair treatment and care containing in
a cosmetically acceptable medium, at least one alkyloxazoline polymer of
formula
##STR19##
in which R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and n is such that
the polymer has a molecular weight of at least 10,000, and at least one
cationic polymer containing primary, secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary
amine groups, which form part of the polymer chain or are linked thereto
and which have a molecular weight between 500 and 5,000,000.
2. Composition according to claim 1, wherein the alkyloxazoline polymer is
a ethyloxazoline homopolymer with a molecular weight between 10,000 and 1
million.
3. Composition according to claim 1, wherein the cationic polymer is a
quaternized protein, a quaternized polysiloxane, a polymer of the class of
quaternary polyammonium, polyaminoamides or polyamines or the mixture
thereof.
4. Composition according to claim 3, wherein the quaternized protein
consists of polypeptides which are modified chemically and which carry, at
the end of the chain or grafted thereto, quaternary ammonium groups.
5. Composition according to claim 3, wherein the cationic polymer is
selected from the groups comprising:
(1) vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers,
which may be quaternized or otherwise, or
vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate or
acrylate terpolymers;
(2) cellulose ether derivatives containing quaternary ammonium groups;
(3) copolymers of cellulose or of cellulose derivatives grafted with a
water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer;
(4) cationic polysaccharides;
(5) polymers which consists of piperazinyl units and divalent alkylene or
hydroxyalkylene radicals, with straight- or branched-chain, optionally
interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms or by aromatic or
heterocyclic rings and products of oxidation and/or of quaternization of
these polymers;
(6) polyaminoamides;
(7) cyclopolymers with a molecular weight from 20,000 to 3,000,000,
containing, as the main constituent of the chain, units corresponding to
the formulae (VIII) or (VIII'):
##STR20##
l and t are equal to 0 or 1, and the sum l+t=1, R.sub.12 denotes hydrogen
or methyl, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 denote, independently from each other, an
alkyl group containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group in which
the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a lower amidoalkyl
group, or alternatively, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 may denote, together with
the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, heterocyclic groups such as
piperidinyl or morpholinyl, Y.sup..crclbar. is an anion;
(8) quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole;
(9) poly(quaternary ammonium)polymers containing recurring units
corresponding to the formula:
##STR21##
in which R.sub.13 and R.sub.14, and R.sub.15 and R.sub.16, which may be
identical or different, represent aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic
radicals containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or lower hydroxyaliphatic
radicals, or R.sub.13 and R.sub.14, and R.sub.15 and R.sub.16, together or
separately form, with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached,
heterocycles optionally containing a second heteroatom other than
nitrogen, or alternatively, R.sub.13, R.sub.14, R.sub.15 and R.sub.16
represents a straight-chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical
substituted with a nitrile, ester, aryl, amide or:
##STR22##
group, where R.sub.17 is an alkylene group and D is a quaternary ammonium
group;
A.sub.2 and B.sub.2 represent polymethylene groups containing 2 to 20
carbon atoms, which may be straight-chain or branched, saturated or
unsaturated and may contain, attached thereto or inserted in the main
chain, one or more aromatic rings or one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms
or sulphoxide, sulphone, disulphide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl,
quaternary ammonium, ureido, amide or ester groups and
X.sup..crclbar. denotes an anion derived from an inorganic or organic
acid;
A.sub.2 and R.sub.13 and R.sub.15 may form, with the two nitrogen atoms to
which they are attached, a piperazine ring; additionally, if A.sub.2
denotes a saturated or unsaturated straight-chain or branched alkylene or
hydroxyalkylene radical, B.sub.2 may also denote a group:
--CH.sub.2).sub.n --CO--D--OC--(CH.sub.2).sub.n
in which D denotes:
(a) a glycol residue of formula: --O--Z--O-- where Z denotes a
straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical or a group corresponding to
the formulae:
##STR23##
in which x and y denote an integer from 1 to 4, representing a defined
and unique degree of polymerization, or any number from 1 to 4,
representing an average degree of polymerization;
(b) a bis(secondary diamine)residue such as a piperazine derivative;
(c) a bis(primary diamine)residue of formula:
--NH--Y--NH--
where Y denotes a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical or a
divalent radical:
--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --S--S--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --
(d) a ureylene group of formula:
--NH--CO--NH--;
(10) poly(quaternary ammonium)polymers consisting of units of formula:
##STR24##
in which R.sub.18, R.sub.19, R.sub.20 and R.sub.21, which may be
identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl,
propyl, .beta.-hydroxyethyl, .beta.-hydroxypropyl or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2
(OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.p OH radical, where p is equal to 0 or to an
integer between 1 and 6, on condition that R.sub.18, R.sub.19, R.sub.20
and R.sub.21 do not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom, x and y,
which may be identical or different, are integers between 1 and 6; m is
equal to 0 or to an integer between 1 and 34; X.sup..crclbar. denotes a
halide anion, and A denotes a radical of a dihalide and preferably
represents:
--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --
(11) homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic amides
or esters and containing the units:
##STR25##
in which R.sub.24 denotes H or CH.sub.3 ; A.sub.1 is a straight-chain or
branched alkylene group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a
hydroxyalkylene group containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sub.25, R.sub.26
and R.sub.27, which may be identical or different, represent an alkyl
group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical; R.sub.22 and
R.sub.23 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon
atoms; X.sub.2 .crclbar. denotes a methosulphate anion or a halide such as
chloride or bromide;
(12) a polyamine referred to by the name "polyethylene glycol (15) tallow
polyamine"; PG,43
(13) polyalkyleneimines;
(14) polymers containing vinylpyridine or vinylpyridinium units;
(15) condensates of polyamines and epichlorohydrin;
(16) quaternary polyureylenes;
(17) chitin derivatives;
(18) poly(dimethylbutenylammonium chloride)-.alpha.,
.omega.-bis(triethanolammonium chloride)polymers.
6. Composition according to claim 5, wherein the cationic polymer is:
a cellulose ether derivative containing quaternary ammonium groups;
a polymer of cellulose or of cellulose derivatives grafted with a
water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer;
a vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymer,
quaternized;
a vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate or
acrylate terpolymer;
a polymer comprising units of formula:
##STR26##
in which X.sup..crclbar. is a halide; a polymer comprising units of
formula:
##STR27##
in which X.sup..crclbar. is a halide; a quaternized polymer comprising
the units:
##STR28##
a quaternary ammonium polymer comprising units of formula:
##STR29##
in which X.sup..crclbar. is a halide ion; and
poly(dimethylbutenylammonium
chloride)-.alpha.,.omega.-bis(triethanolammonium chloride) polymers.
7. Composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymers are present in
the compositions in proportion of between 0.05 and 8% by weight relative
to the total weight of the composition respectively.
8. Composition according to claim 1, which is in the form of a liquid, a
cream, a milk, a gel, a thickened lotion or that it is packaged as aerosol
in the form of a spray or a foam.
9. Composition according to claim 1, wherein the cosmetically acceptable
medium contains water combined or otherwise with a cosmetically acceptable
solvent chosen from amongst monoalcohols containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms,
polyalcohols and glycol ethers, used alone or in the form of a mixture and
the solvent(s) being present in proportions less than or equal to 70% by
weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
10. Composition according to claim 1, containing in addition to the
polymers, other ingredients which are commonly employed in cosmetics such
as perfumes, colouring agents which may have the role of colouring the
composition itself or the hair, preservatives, sequestrants, thickeners,
silicones, softeners, foam synergists, foam stabilizers, electrolytes,
sunscreens, peptizing agents and anionic, nonionic, cationic or amphoteric
surfactants or the mixtures thereof.
11. Composition according to claim 1, also containing nonionic polymers
other than the polymer derived from alkyloxazoline.
12. Process for the cosmetic treatment of hair which comprises applying
thereto a composition containing in a cosmetically acceptable medium at
least one alkyloxazoline polymer of formula:
##STR30##
in which R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and n is such that
the polymer has a molecular weight of at least 10,000 and at least one
cationic polymer containing primary, secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary
amine groups, which form part of the polymer chain or are linked thereto
and which have a molecular weight between 500 and 5,000,000.
13. Process according to claim 12, in which the application of the
composition to the hair is not followed by a rinsing of the hair. |
|
 |
|
 |
Claims |
|
|
|
Description |
|
|
The present invention relates to new cosmetic compositions intended in
particular for hair treatment and care, containing a polymer derived from
alkyloxazoline and a cationic polymer.
Different polymers have been used, for many years, in compositions intended
for hair treatment and care, with a view to modifying the properties of
the latter, especially with regard to appearance, shape-retention, shape,
ease of combing, touch, softness and sheen and the like.
Anionic polymers or nonionic polymers or amphoteric polymers, or
alternatively, a combination of cationic and anionic polymers or of
amphoteric polymers with anionic or cationic polymers are employed for
this purpose.
In the state of the art, some nonionic polymers such as
vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate polymer or polyvinylpyrrolidone have also
been combined with cationic polymers.
Polymers derived from oxazolines are known in themselves and French Pat.
No. 1,553,988 describes in particular the application of some of these
polymers in hair-dressing compositions which are applied more particularly
by spraying.
It should be noted that although polymers derived from alkyloxazoline
contribute slight waviness to the hair style, they are not sufficiently
effective with regard to sheen, shape-retention, softness and
disentangling.
The Applicant Company has surprisingly discovered that when alkyloxazoline
polymers were combined with cationic polymers, they led to a remarkable
effectiveness on hair, especially with regard to properties of
disentangling, softness, sheen, liveliness, buoffancy, shape, touch and
appearance.
The subject of the invention is therefore a cosmetic composition mainly
intended for hair treatment and care, containing at least one
alkyloxazoline polymer and at least one cationic polymer.
Another subject of the invention consists of a treatment method, in
particular for hair, which consists in applying to them at least one
alkyloxazoline polymer and at least one cationic polymer.
Other subjects of the invention will become apparent on reading the
description and examples which follow.
The cosmetic composition according to the invention is essentially
characterized in that it contains at least one oxazoline polymer of
formula:
##STR2##
in which R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl radical and preferably
an ethyl group, n has a value such as the polymer has a molecular weight
of at least 10,000, and at least one cationic polymer in a cosmetically
acceptable medium.
The oxazoline polymers of formula (I) have a molecular weight greater than
10,000, generally between 20,000 and 1 million and preferably between
50,000 and 500,000 and are prepared by the polymerization of
2-alkyl-2-oxazoline. The preferred polymers are ethyloxazoline
homopolymers with a molecular weight between 20,000 and 1 million and more
particularly those sold under the name Polymer XAS-10874 by DOW CHEMICAL
which have molecular weights from 50,000 to 500,000.
The cationic polymers are more particularly chosen from amongst polymers
which contain primary, secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary amine groups,
which form part of the polymer chain or are linked thereto and which have
a molecular weight between 500 and approximately 5,000,000 and preferably
between 1,000 and 3,000,000.
Among these polymers, there may be mentioned, more particularly,
quaternized proteins, quaternized polysiloxanes and polymers of the
quaternary polyammonium, polyaminoamide or polyamine type.
A. The quaternized proteins are in particular polypeptides which are
modified chemically and which carry, at the end of the chain or grafted
thereto, quaternary ammonium groups. Among these proteins, there may be
mentioned, in particular:
collagen hydrolysates carrying triethylammonium groups, such as products
sold under the name "QUAT-PRO E" by MAYBROOK and referred to in the CTFA
dictionary as "triethonium hydrolyzed collagen ethosulfate";
collagen hydrolysates carrying trimethylammonium or dimethylstearylammonium
chloride groups, sold under the name "QUAT-PRO S" by MAYBROOK and referred
to in the CTFA dictionary as "steartrimonium hydrolyzed collagen";
hydrolysates of animal proteins, carrying dimethylbenzylammonium groups,
such as products sold under the name "CROTEIN BTA" by CRODA and referred
to in the CTFA dictionary as "benzyltrimonium hydrolyzed animal protein";
protein hydrolysates carrying on the polypeptide chain quaternary ammonium
groups containing at least one alkyl radical containing 1 to 18 carbon
atoms.
Among these protein hydrolysates, there may be mentioned, inter alia:
CROQUAT L, the polypeptide chain of which has an average molecular weight
of approximately 2,500 and the quaternary ammonium group of which contains
a C.sub.12 alkyl group;
CROQUAT M, the polypeptide chain of which has an average molecular weight
of approximately 2,500 and the quaternary ammonium group of which contains
a C.sub.10 -C.sub.18 alkyl group;
CROQUAT S, the polypeptide chain of which has an average molecular weight
of approximately 2,700 and the quaternary ammonium group of which contains
a C.sub.18 alkyl group; and
CROTEIN Q, the polypeptide chain of which has an average molecular weight
of the order of 12,000 and the quaternary ammonium group of which contains
at least one alkyl group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
These different products are sold by CRODA.
Other quaternized proteins are those which correspond to the formula:
##STR3##
in which A denotes a protein residue derived from collagen protein
hydrolysates, R.sub.5 denotes a lipophilic group containing up to 30
carbon atoms, R.sub.6 represents an alkylene group containing 1 to 6
carbon atoms and X.sup..crclbar. represents an anion derived from an
organic or inorganic acid; these proteins have a molecular weight between
1,500 and 10,000, preferably between 2,000 and 5,000. The preferred
products are those sold under the name "LEXEIN QX 3000" by INOLEX, which
is referred to in the CTFA dic-tionary as "cocotrimonium collagen
hydrolysate".
B. Another family of cationic polymers consists of silicone cationic
polymers. Among these polymers, there may be mentioned:
(a) quaternized polysiloxanes, referred to in the CTFA dictionary as
"amodimethicone" and corresponding to the formula:
##STR4##
in which x' and y' are integers which depend on the molecular weight which
is generally between 5,000 and 10,000;
(b) silicone cationic polymers corresponding to the formula:
R'.sub.a G.sub.3-a Si--O SiG.sub.2).sub.n (OSi G.sub.b R'.sub.b
R'.sub.2-b).sub.m O-Si-G.sub.3-a R'.sub.a (IV)
in which:
G is a hydrogen atom, or phenyl group, OH, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group
and preferably a methyl group,
a denotes 0 or an integer from 1 to 3 and preferably 0,
b denotes 0 or 1 and preferably 1,
the sum (n+m) is an integer from 1 to 2,000 and preferably from 50 to 150,
it being possible for n to denote a number from 0 to 1,999 and preferably
from 49 to 149 and it being possible for m to denote an integer from 1 to
2,000 and preferably from 1 to 10,
R' is a monovalent radical of formula C.sub.q H.sub.2q L in which q is a
number from 2 to 8 and L is chosen from amongst the following groups:
--N(R")--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --N(R").sub.2
--N(R").sub.2
--N.sup..sym. (R").sub.3 A.sup..crclbar.
--N.sup..sym. (R")H.sub.2 A.sup..crclbar.
--N(R")CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --N.sup..crclbar. (R")H.sub.2 A.sup..crclbar.,
in which R" may denote hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl or a monovalent saturated
hydrocarbon radical and preferably an alkyl radical containing 1 to 20
carbon atoms and A.sup..crclbar. represents a halide ion such as
chloride, bromide, iodide or fluoride.
A particularly valuable product which falls within this definition is the
polymer called "trimethylsilylamodimethicone" corresponding to the
formula:
##STR5##
in which n and m have the meanings given above (formula IV). Such polymers
are described in the Patent Application EP-A-95,238; and
(c) silicone cationic polymers corresponding to the formula:
##STR6##
in which: R.sub.7 denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to
18 carbon atoms and in particular an alkyl or alkenyl radical and
preferably a methyl radical;
R.sub.8 denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical, preferably a C.sub.1
-C.sub.18 alkylene radical or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18, and preferably C.sub.1
-C.sub.8, divalent alkylenoxy radical;
Q.sup..crclbar. is a halide ion, preferably chloride;
r represents a statistical mean value from 2 to 20 and preferably from 2 to
8 and
s represents a statistical mean value from 20 to 200 and preferably from 20
to 50.
Such polymers are described more particularly in the Patent US-A-4,185,087.
A particularly preferred polymeer forming part of this class is the polymer
sold by UNION CARBIDE under the name "UCAR SILICONE ALE 56" which is
characterized by a flashpoint of 60.degree. C. according to the standard
ASTDM-93, a viscosity of 0.011 Pa.s at an active substance concentration
of 35% and at 25.degree. C. and by a total base number of 0.24 meq/g.
When these silicone polymers are employed, a particularly beneficial manner
of application is their use together with nonionic surfactants and
optionally with cationic surfactants. For example, it is possible to use
in the compositions according to the invention, the commercial product
sold under the name "EMULSION CATIONIQUE DC 929" (cationic emulsion DC
929) by DOW CORNING which contains amodimethicone of formula (III), a
cationic surfactant corresponding to the formula:
##STR7##
in which R.sub.9 denotes a mixture of alkenyl and/or alkyl radicals
containing 14 to 22 carbon atoms, derived from tallow fatty acids, and a
nonionic surfactant of formula:
C.sub.9 H.sub.19 --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --(OC.sub.2 H.sub.4).sub.10 --OH
which is known under the name "NONOXYNOL 10".
Another composition which can be employed in this embodiment of the
invention is the composition containing the product sold under the name
"DOW CORNING Q2 7224" by DOW CORNING which contains, in the combined form,
trimethylsilylamodimethicone of formula (V), a nonionic surfactant of
formula:
C.sub.8 H.sub.17 --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n OH where
n=40
which is also called octoxynol-40, a nonionic surfactant of formula:
C.sub.12 H.sub.25 --(OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.n OH where n=6
which is also called isolaureth-6, and glycol.
C. The quaternary polyammonium, polyaminoamide or polyamine type of
polymers which can be employed according to the present invention are
described in particular in French Pat. Nos. 8,207,996 or No. 8,404,475 of
the Applicant Company.
Among these polymers, there may be mentioned:
(1) vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers,
which may be quaternized or otherwise, such as the products sold under the
name "GAFQUAT" by GAF CORPORATION, such as, for example, "GAFQUAT 734 or
755" or the products called "COPOLYMER 845, 958 and 937". These polymers
are described in detail in French Pat. Nos. 2,077,143 and 2,393,573.
Vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate or
acrylate terpolymers described in the Patent US-4,521,404, such as the
product sold under the name GAFFIX VC 713 by GAF CORPORATION.
(2) Cellulose ether derivatives containing quaternary ammonium groups,
described in French Pat. No. 1,492,597 and in particular the polymers
marketed under the names "JR" (JR 400, JR 125, JR 30M) or "LR" (LR 400, LR
30M) by UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION. The polymers are also defined in the
CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammonium compounds of hydroxyethylcellulose
which have been reacted with an epoxide substituted with a
trimethylammonium group.
(3) Cationic cellulose derivatives such as copolymers of cellulose or of
cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble quaternary ammonium
monomer and described in greater detail in U.S. Pat. No. 4,131,576, such
as hydroxyalkylcelluloses such as hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl- or
hydroxypropylcellulose grafted with a methacryloylethyltrimethylammonium,
methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium or dimethyldiallylammonium salt.
Marketed products which correspond to this definition are more particularly
the products sold under the names "CELQUAT L 200" and "CELQUAT H 100" by
NATIONAL STARCH.
(4) Cationic polysaccharides described more particularly in U.S. Pat. Nos.
3,589,578 and 4,031,307 and more particularly the product marketed under
the name "JAGUAR C. 13 S" sold by MEYHALL.
(5) Polymers which consist of piperazinyl units and divalent alkylene or
hydroxyalkylene radicals, with straight or branched chains, optionally
interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms or by aromatic or
heterocyclic rings and products of oxidation and/or of quaternization of
these polymers. Such polymers are described in French Pat. Nos. 2,162,025
and 2,280,361.
(6) Polyaminoamides such as
(a) Water-soluble polyaminoamides prepared in particular by the
polycondensation of an acid compound with a polyamine. These
polyaminoamides may be cross-linked with an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide, a
dianhydride, an unsaturated anhydride, a bis-unsaturated derivative, a
bis(halohydrin), a bis(azetidinium), a bis(haloacyldiamine), a bis(alkyl
halide) or with an oligomer resulting from the reaction of a bifunctional
compound which is reactive towards a bis(halohydrin), a bis(azetidinium),
a bis(haloacyldiamine), a bis(alkyl halide), an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide
or a bis-unsaturated derivative; the crosslinking agent being employed in
proportions ranging from 0.025 to 0.35 mole per amine group in the
polyaminoamide.
These polyaminopolyamides may be alkylated or, if they contain one or more
tertiary amine groups, be quaternized. Such polymers are described in
particular in French Pat. Nos. 2,252,840 and 2,368,508.
(b) Polyaminoamide derivatives resulting from the condensation of
polyalkylenepolyamines with polycarboxylic-acids followed by an alkylation
with bifunctional agents. There may be mentioned, for example, adipic
acid/dialkylaminohydroxyalkyldialkylenetriamine polymers in which the
alkyl radical contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms and preferably denotes a
methyl, ethyl or propyl radical. Such polymers are described in French
Pat. No. 1,583,363.
Among these derivatives, adipic
acid/dimethylaminohydroxypropyldiethylenetriamine polymers sold under the
names "CARTARETINE F, F.sub.4 or F.sub.8 " by SANDOZ may more particularly
be mentioned.
(c) Polyaminoamides obtained by the reaction of a polyalkylenepolyamine
containing two primary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group
with a dicarboxylic acid chosen from amongst diglycollic acid and
saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms. The
molar ratio between the polyalkylenepolyamine and the dicarboxylic acid is
between 0.8:1 and 1.4:1; the polyaminoamide resulting therefrom is made to
react with epichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin relative to
the secondary amine group of the polyaminoamide of between 0.5:1 and
1.8:1. Such polymers are described in particular in U.S. Pat. Nos.
3,227,615 and 2,961,347.
Polymers of this type are in particular marketed under the name "HERCOSETT
57" by HERCULES INCORPORATED or under the name "PD 170" or "DELSETTE 101"
by HERCULES in the case of the adipic acid/epoxypropyldiethylenetriamine
copolymer.
(7) Cyclopolymers with a molecular weight from 20,000 to 3,000,000, such as
homopolymers containing, as the main constituent of the chain, units
corresponding to the formulae (VIII) or (VIII'):
##STR8##
l and t are equal to 0 or 1, and the sum l+t=1, R.sub.12 denotes hydrogen
or methyl, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 denote, independently from each other, an
alkyl group containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms, a hydroxyalkyl group in which
the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a lower amidoalkyl
group, or alternatively, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 may denote, together with
the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, heterocyclic groups such as
piperidinyl or morpholinyl, and copolymers comprising units of formulae
(VIII) or (VIII') and units derived from acrylamide or from diacetone
acrylamide, Y.sup..crclbar. is an anion such as bromide, chloride,
acetate, borate, citrate, tartrate, bisulphate, bisulphite, sulphate or
phosphate.
Among the polymers defined above, there may be mentioned more particularly
the dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer sold under the name
MERQUAT 100, with a molecular weight less than 100,000 and the copolymer
of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide, with a molecular
weight greater than 500,000 and sold under the name MERQUAT 550 by MERCK.
These polymers are described more particularly in French Pat. No. 2,080,759
and the certificate of addition thereof No. 2,190,406.
(8) Poly(quaternary ammonium)polymers containing recurring units
corresponding to the formula:
##STR9##
in which R.sub.13 and R.sub.14, and R.sub.15 and R.sub.16, which may be
identical or different, represent aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic
radicals containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms or lower hydroxyaliphatic
radicals, or R.sub.13 and R.sub.14, and R.sub.15 and R.sub.16, together or
separately form, with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached,
heterocycles optionally containing a second heteroatom other than
nitrogen, or alternatively, R.sub.13, R.sub.14, R.sub.15 and R.sub.16
represent a straight-chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical
substituted with a nitrile, ester, acyl, amide or:
##STR10##
group, where R.sub.17 is an alkylene group and D is a quaternary ammonium
group.
A.sub.2 and B.sub.2 represent polymethylene groups containing 2 to 20
carbon atoms, which may be straight-chain or branched, saturated or
unsaturated and may contain, attached thereto or inserted in the main
chain, one or more aromatic rings or one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms
or sulphoxide, sulphone, disulphide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl,
quaternary ammonium, ureido, amide or ester groups and
X.sup..crclbar. denotes an anion derived from an inorganic or organic
acid.
A.sub.2 and R.sub.13 and R.sub.15 may form, with the two nitrogen atoms to
which they are attached, a piperazine ring; additionally, if A.sub.2
denotes a saturated or unsaturated straight-chain or branched alkylene or
hydroxyalkylene radical, B.sub.2 may also denote a group:
--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --CO--D--OC--(CH.sub.2).sub.n
in which D denotes:
(a) a glycol residue of formula: --O--Z--O-- where Z denotes a
straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical or a group corresponding to
the formulae:
##STR11##
in which x and y denote an integer from 1 to 4, representing a defined and
unique degree of polymerization, or any number from 1 to 4, representing
an average degree of polymerization;
(b) a bis(secondary diamine)residue such as a piperazine derivative;
(c) a bis(primary diamine)residue of formula:
--NH--Y--NH--
where Y denotes a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical or the
divalent radical:
--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --S--S--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --
(d) a ureylene group of formula:
--NH--CO--NH--;
and
X.sup..crclbar. is an anion such as chloride or bromide.
These polymers have a molecular mass generally between 1,000 and 100,000.
Polymers of this type are described in particular in French Pat. Nos.
2,320,330, 2,270,846, 2,316,271, 2,336,434 and 2,413,907 and U.S. Pat.
Nos. US-A-2,273,780, 2,375,853, 2,388,614, 2,454,547, 3,206,462,
2,261,002, 2,271,378, 3,874,870, 4,001,432, 3,929,990, 3,966,904,
4,005,193, 4,025,617, 4,025,627, 4,025,653, 4,026,945 and 4,027,020.
(9) Poly(quaternary ammonium)polymers consisting of units of formula:
##STR12##
in which R.sub.18, R.sub.19, R.sub.20 and R.sub.21, which may be identical
or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl, propyl,
.beta.-hydroxyethyl, .beta.-hydroxypropyl or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2
(OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.p OH radical, where p is equal to 0 or to an
integer between 1 to 6, on condition that R.sub.18, R.sub.19, R.sub.20 and
R.sub.21 do not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom, x and y, which
may be identical or different, are integers between 1 and 6;
m is equal to 0 or to an integer between 1 and 34,
X.sup..crclbar. denotes a halide anion, and
A denotes a radical of a dihalide and preferably represents:
--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --
Such compounds are described in greater detail in the Application
EP-A-122,324.
(10) Homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic amides
or esters and containing the units:
##STR13##
in which R.sub.24 denotes H or CH.sub.3,
A.sub.1 is a straight-chain or branched alkylene group containing 1 to 6
carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkylene group containing 2 to 4 carbonatoms,
R.sub.25, R.sub.26 and R.sub.27, which may be identical or different,
represent an alkyl group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl
radical,
R.sub.22 and R.sub.23 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group containing 1 to
6 carbon atoms,
X.sub.2.sup..crclbar. denotes a methosulphate anion or a halide such as
chloride or bromide.
The comonomer(s) which may be employed belong(s) to the family: acrylamide,
methacrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, acrylamide and methacrylamide
substituted at the nitrogen atom with lower alkyl radicals, esters of
acrylic or methacrylic acids, vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl esters.
Among these compounds, there may be mentioned the copolymer of acrylamide
and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with dimethylsulphate and
sold under the name "HERCOFLOC" by HERCULES, the copolymer of acrylamide
and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, described in the
Patent Application EP-A-80,976, and sold under the name "BINA QAT P100" by
CIBA GEIGY, or poly(methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride) sold
under the name "POLYMAPTAC" by TEXACO CHEMICALS.
(11) Quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole, such as,
for example, products marketed under the names LUVIQUAT FC 905, FC 550 and
FC 370 by BASF.
(12) Polyamines such as Polyquart H sold by HENKEL, referred to by the name
"POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (15) TALLOW POLYAMINE" in the CTFA dictionary.
Other cationic polymers which may be employed according to the invention
are polyalkyleneimines, in particular polyethyleneimines, polymers
containing vinylpyridine or vinylpyridinium units, condensates of
polyamines and epichlorohydrin, quaternary polyureylenes and chitin
derivatives.
The particularly preferred cationic polymers according to the invention
are:
cellulose ether derivatives containing quaternary ammonium groups such as
those sold under the name "JR" such as, for example, JR 125, JR 400 and JR
30M, "LR" such as LR 400 and LR 30, by UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION.
copolymers of cellulose or of cellulose derivatives grafted with a
water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer such as products sold under the
names: "CELQUAT L200" and CELQUAT H 100" by NATIONAL STARCH;
vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers,
which may be quaternized or otherwise, such as the products sold under the
names "COPOLYMER 845", "GAFQUAT 734 or 755" by GAF;
quaternized polymers of the ionene type, described in the French Pat. No.
2,270,846 of the Applicatant Company and more particularly that comprising
the units:
##STR14##
vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate or
acrylate terpolymer such as the product sold under the name "GAFFIX VC
713";
quaternary ammonium polymers of the type described in U.S. Pat. No.
4,157,388 and more particularly the polymer comprising units of formula:
##STR15##
in which X.sup..crclbar. is a halide ion, sold under the name "MIRAPOL A
15" by MIRANOL;
poly(dimethylbutenylammonium
chloride)-.alpha.,.omega.-bis(triethanolammonium chloride)polymers sold
under the name "ONAMER M" by ONYX INTERNATIONAL;
the polymer comprising units of formula:
##STR16##
in which X.sup..crclbar. is a halide, sold under the "MIRAPOL AD 1" by
MIRANOL; and
the polymer comprising units of formula:
##STR17##
in which X.sup..crclbar. is a halide, sold under the name "MIRAPOL AZ 1"
by MIRANOL.
The alkyloxazoline polymer is present in the compositions according to the
invention in concentrations preferably between 0.05 and 8% by weight
relative to the total weight of the composition, and in particular between
0.1 and 5% by weight, and the cationic polymer is employed in
concentrations preferably between 0.05 and 8% by weight relative to the
total weight of the composition, and preferably between 0.1 and 5% by
weight, and more particularly between 0.2 and 3% by weight relative to the
total weight of the composition.
The compositions according to the invention may be in various forms such as
liquid, cream, milk, gel or thickened lotion and may be packaged in the
form of aerosol and may be applied, in this case, either in the form of an
aerosol spray or in the form of an aerosol foam.
The cosmetically acceptable medium may consist of water or a mixture of
water and a cosmetically acceptable solvent such as, more particularly, a
solvent chosen from amongst monohydric alcohols containing 1 to 8 carbon
atoms such as ethanol, isopropanol, benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol,
polyhydric alcohols such as alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol,
propylene glycol, and glycol ethers such as, for example, ethylene glycol
monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and diethylene glycol
monoethyl ether, used alone or in the form of a mixture. These solvents
are present in proportions less than or equal to 70% by weight relative to
the weight of the total composition.
When the compositions are packaged in the form of aerosol, they are
packaged in the presence of a propellant gas such as carbon dioxide,
nitrogen, nitrous oxide or volatile hydrocarbons such as butane, isobutane
or propane and preferably chlorinated or fluorinated hydrocarbons.
These compositions may contain any other ingredient which is commonly
employed in cosmetics, such as perfumes, colouring agents which may have
the role of colouring the composition itself or the hair, preservatives,
sequestrants, thickeners, silicones, softeners, foam synergists, foam
stabilizers, sunscreens, peptizing agents and electrolytes, as well as
anionic, nonionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactants or the mixtures
thereof.
Together with the polymers defined above, it is also possible to employ
nonionic polymers known in themselves such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, the
copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate or polyvinyl alcohol such
as, for example, partially acetylated polyvinyl alcohol which may be
employed as foaming agent when the compositions according to the invention
are packaged in the form of aerosol.
The compositions according to the invention are employed for shaping or
setting the hair. They may also be employed in the form of a cream or as
treatment product to be applied after shampooing, dyeing, bleaching,
permanent-waving or straightening of the hair.
The pH of these compositions is generally between 2 and 11, and preferably
between 3 and 10, adjusted with alkalinizing or acidifying agents which
are commonly employed in cosmetics.
The method for the cosmetic treatment of hair, which forms another subject
of the invention, consists in applying the polymers defined above to
moistened or dried hair, preferably by means of the compositions described
above, for hair setting or hair shaping, the application not being
followed by a rinsing
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention without,
| | |
