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Description  |
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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a compact electronic calculator such as a pocket
or wrist calculator, provided with a screen, electronic circuits and one
or more operating devices.
Known calculators are, provided with a keyboard through which the
calculators are operated.
Such known calculators, no matter how compact their construction is, are
relatively bulky due to the presence of the keyboard. Further, with known
calculators for easy and rapid operation of the keyboard a certain amount
of experience is usually required.
The object of the invention is to improve known calculators so as to
provide a small and compact electronic calculator which can be operated
very easily with little or no prior experience.
According to the invention, the calculator is provided with at least one
operating device which is actuated by human voice, that causes numerals
and/or symbols to be produced on the screen.
The invention further comprises a calculator having a microphone which is
designed to receive substantially only sound from a certain direction
whereby the operation of the calculator is improved.
Further the invention comprises a calculator which is operated by voice
recognition and is provided comprises exchangeable programs for different
languages so that, the calculator is adaptable to be easily usable in
various languages.
For a better understanding of the invention, and to show how the same may
be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to
the following accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 comprises an example of a diagram of circuits in broad outline;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a calculator in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of said calculator according to the arrow III in
FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a side elevation according to the arrow IV in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view according to the arrow V in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a side elevation of the device, provided with a cap;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a another embodiment comprising wrist calculator;
FIG. 8 is a side elevation according to the arrow VIII in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a bottom view according to the arrow IX in FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of a further embodiment of a calculator according to
the invention;
FIG. 11 is a side elevation of the device according to the arrow XI in FIG.
10;
FIG. 12 is a view according to the arrow XII in FIG. 11; and
FIG. 13 is a block diagram of the embodiment according to the FIGS. 10-12.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An example of a circuit that may be used in the electronic device according
to the invention, in this case a calculator, is shown in FIG. 1. The
analogous signal, produced by a microphone 1, is connected with a speech
analyzer 5 which, together with other elements of the device constitutes a
voice recognizer reacting to specific words uttered by persons.
The speech analyzer 5 is constructed in such a way that the signal,
produced by the microphone 1 and representing a certain operation command
(e.g. "one", "three", "nine", "zero", "add", "multiply", "root", etc.), is
converted into digital pulses. These pulses e.g. couched as a number of
digitals representing the acoustic signal can be transmitted to a
comparator 11 through a connection 12. The speech analyzer 5 is,
preferably and according to the embodiment explained, selective as to
words uttered by different persons, but non-selective or less selective as
to the pitch of the spoken words.
The comparator 11 is connected with a memory 8 by means of a bus 10. In the
memory locations of said memory 8 a number of groups of digital words may
be stored, with each group corresponding with a word, registered by a
program and present in a digital shape, said word representing one of the
operation commands mentioned. An acoustic signal, uttered by the speaker
during operation of the device, is fed into the voice and/or speech
analyzer 5 via the input 3. The resulting digital word is conveyed to the
comparator 11 through the connection 12, which comparator compares the
word with each of the operation commands, stored in a digital shape in the
aforementioned groups of memory locations of the memory 8. The scanning of
these memory locations is steered by a micro-processor 16 with instruction
memory, complementing the comparator 11 and the memory 8. If the
comparator establishes that a word, received through the connection 12 of
the speech analyzer 5, corresponds with one of the words stored in the
memory 8, the comparator issues to its output bus 13 a digital number
which corresponds with the address of memory locations in which the
relevant, recognized word occurs in the memory 8. This digital number may
have a limited size, e.g. any of the numerals 0 through 9 for the
numerical values to be put in, and some numeral operation commands, since
the number of acoustically spoken commands in this embodiment, i.e. with a
calculator, may be restricted to a small number of words. This digital
number is compared, e.g. through a range of simple comparators 14, with
the operation commands (numeral and operation commands) that match the
electronic control circuits incorporated into the circuit or systems with
similar functions in a built-in processing device, in this case a
calculator 15. In this way a pulse is conveyed to a respective one of
these circuits, so that the uttered word is transmitted to the calculator.
The expressed word will then appear on the screen. The circuit of the
calculator 15 itself may correspond with that of a usual calculator.
The device, shown in the FIGS. 2 to 6 is a calculator of oblong shape and
is provided with a screen 17, mounted on one of the long sides of the
device. Preferably, the screen has a length, sufficient for comprising 10
digits or more, so that the length of the device broadly matches that of a
usual pen and, hence, can be easily carried in one's pocket. The device
according to this, embodiment has a length of approximately ten
centimeter, a width of approximately one centimeter and a thickness of
approximately one-half centimeter. According to another aspect of the
invention, the width of the device broadly corresponds with the height of
the row of digits on the screen.
At the end of the screen 17 the microphone 1 is arranged, while a battery
with cover 18 (FIG. 5) is arranged in the device near the other end of the
screen. The circuits of the calculator are mounted behind the screen.
Preferably, the microphone 1 has inputs on at least two sides of the
device, in this case three openings; 1A, 1B, 1C (see FIGS. 2, 3 and 4).
On the end where the microphone is mounted a slide regulator lE is
provided, by means of which a built-in amplification of the acoustic
signal may be adjusted; this feature makes it possible, on the one hand,
to speak into the microphone at a distance of e.g. three centimeters from
the microphone, inaudible for other persons. On the other hand, it is
possible to speak, at an altered, amplification, at a distance of e.g.
twenty-five centimeters from the microphone, the screen being clearly
readable at the same time.
As shown in FIG. 6, the device may be provided with a cap 19 with clip 20,
ensuring that the microphone is protected and that the device may be
carried in the inside of a pocket. The calculator according to the
invention offers the advantage of simplicity and compactness and of
simplicity of control, since the risk of errors is smaller in case of
spoken words in comparison with the use of a keyboard with small buttons.
It may be of advantage if the microphone is arranged at one end of the
calculator, as in that case the calculator can be operated conveniently.
Preferably, the calculator has a length, of approximately ten centimeters,
a width of approximately 1 centimeter and a thickness of approximately
one-half centimeter (FIG. 2 through 4), while it is in transverse section
about rectangular (FIG. 4).
It is of advantageous for the calculator to be manufactured of synthetic
material, and for the calculator to be provided with a switch 1F making it
possible (by partly moving the switch) to illuminate the screen, so that
the device can also be used when it is rather dark.
The FIGS. 7 and 8 comprise another embodiment of the invention. The
relevant device comprises a wristband or bracelet 21, making it possible
to wear the calculator on one's wrist, or as a necklace. Such calculator
comprise a screen 22, a microphone 23, and a battery 24 with a cover 25
therefor on the rear side of the calculator. Battery 24 is mounted on the
inside of the calculator. This calculator is capable of being operated in
the same manner, as the calculator described with reference to FIGS. 1
through 6, while it also offers the advantages of easy use. If desired, an
electronic watch may be incorporated into the device, simultaneously with
the calculator, for both of which the screen 22 can be used. The diagram
of circuits (FIG. 1) may remain substantially the same; the number of
acoustic signals, required for a watch, may be smaller than that required
for a calculator. If required, the watch may comprise an alarm and both
setting of the watch and of the alarm may take place by means of spoken
words.
A further embodiment of the calculator according to the invention is shown
in the FIGS. 10 through 13. This embodiment has the characteristics
described hereafter whereas other characteristics not specifically
described may be the same as those in the first embodiment.
The device according to the second embodiment comprises a so-called
"conical" microphone 26, which substantially converts words into
electrical signals, when these words reach the microphone from a certain
direction.
A single, sound-absorbing opening 27 of the microphone is provided at the
side of the calculator casing, in which the screen 17 is also arranged.
Preferably, this opening 27 is situated directly next to the screen 17 and
near an extremity of the oblong casing of the device. Through the
application of the microphone 26 which is basically perceptive to sounds
which reach the microphone, in the arrangement in question, in a direction
which is perpendicular to the plane of the screen, it is possible to
control the device acoustically in such a way that interfering noises
coming from other directions are suppressed.
The words to be put into the memory 8, expressing e.g. numerical values as
well as those which represent e.g. numeral operations, can be transmitted
electronically into the memory. Carriers of such words, which may already
have been changed into digital pulses, will be indicated as programs 28.
The programs 28 can be inserted into a slot 29 in the casing of the
calculator (cf. block diagram according to FIG. 13).
Once all words of a program 28 have been transmitted into the memory, the
calculator is ready for operation. The words uttered by the user,
converted into digital words by the speech analyzer 5, are put into the
comparator 11 through the connection 12, said comparator comparing each of
these words with words, filed in the memory 8 by the program 28 (the
program 28 being read by a program reading device 30), whereby the
comparator 11 is supported by the microprocessor 16, as in the first
embodiment.
In this way the possibilities of the application of the device according to
the second embodiment, in respect of the device according to the first
embodiment can be considerably extended, since programs for a variety of
different ranges of application can be inserted into the device, such as
programs in the fields of finance, technics, administration and the like,
but also programs which refer to several languages or programs which
comprise e.g. words for numerical values and words for operations of
numerals to be carried out (resp. words for other fields of application)
in different languages. Examples are programs with the words "pi",
"times", "minus", "square", "root", "per cent", "is", resp. "dollar",
"franc", resp. "triangle", "acceleration", "power", "mass", resp. "debit",
"credit" in the English, German, French or another language.
It is also possible, however, that a device is destined for one objective
only and that it is provided to that effect with a fixed program to meet
the objective involved, e.g. calculations only; in that case the device
may comprise a non-exchangeable memory 8. Provided within the casing of
the device, manufactured of synthetic material and having the shape of a
parallelepiped, is a supply battery 31 near the end of the casing, said
battery being accessible via a removable cover 32 (FIG. 10 through 12).
The slot 29 for inserting the programs is provided in the side plane which
adjoins the plane in which the screen 17 is situated. During operation the
slot 29 is situated on the top side of the device, while the program is
situated behind the screen 17. The circuits, too, are provided mainly
behind the screen 17. The casing of the device has an oblong shape and has
a thickness, embracing the smallest sizes, in a rectangular or square
shape, e.g. one by one centimeters, with a length of up to approximately
10 cm.
When operating the calculator, the calculator may be switched on by saying,
e.g. "on". The voice recognition system recognizes this command and
actuates the circuit in question. Furthermore, the device responds to the
usual words that are necessary in order to be able to add, substract,
multiply, divide, etc.
Manual control by means of key-board buttons is not necessary. The device
is small and easy to operate. By means of different programs the device
can be used in several languages. Furthermore, programs for various fields
of application can be used, such as finance, technics, etc. The device may
also be definitely equipped in such a way that it is suitable only for one
language or only for one kind of operation.
The invention is not restricted to the embodiments, described and shown
herein, but may also be used in other, compact embodiments.
Although the embodiments shown should be considered as explanations of the
best modes contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention, the
inventive concepts as such should not be considered as necessarily
restricted to these specific embodiments, but may cover other disclosed
elements and relationships individually or in combination which meet
constitutional and statutory criteria for patentability.
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