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Description  |
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an automatic music playing apparatus for
automatically playing music while reading play data out of memory. More
particularly, the invention relates to such an automatic music playing
apparatus using a memory of reduced size.
2. Prior Art
Repetitive phrases or segments are generally included in a piece of music.
In a conventional automatic music playing apparatus, identical play data
for each of the representative phrases is individually stored in a memory.
For example, when the same phrase or segment is repeated three times,
identical play data is thrice written in different locations of the
memory.
An automatic music playing apparatus has been proposed in Japanese Patent
Publication (examined) No. 60-25791 entitled "Electric Musical
Instrument", in which automatic playing is performed by repeatedly reading
the same play data out of memory. Specifically, when it is desired to
repeatedly play a certain segment, a switch is depressed to read play data
of the segment out of memory. In the conventional apparatus, although play
data for all the repetitive segments are not stored in the memory,
automatic music play can be performed.
In this apparatus, however, a memory reading address changes
instantaneously upon depression of the switch, so it has been required
that the switch depression be performed in exact coincidence with the
beginning of a bar line of a score. In practice, however, such timing is
extremely difficult.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In light of the foregoing circumstances, it is an object of the invention
to provide an automatic music playing apparatus in which with only
approximate switch manipulation, play data stored in part of a memory can
be repeatedly played, and thereby reduce the size of the memory storing
such data when playing music containing repetitive segments.
In order to achieve the above and other objects, according to one aspect of
the invention, there is provided an automatic music playing apparatus for
automatically playing a piece of music in accordance with play data, said
piece of music being composed of a predetermined number of consecutive
segments, said apparatus comprising:
a storage means for storing said play data of at least one predetermined
segment in a storage region having a predetermined number of storage
locations assigned addresses;
a reading means for sequentially reading said play data out of said storage
means while addressing said storage locations;
a musical tone generating means for generating musical tones in accordance
with said play data read out by said reading means;
a specifying means for specifying said storage region when activated;
a detecting means for detecting a forthcoming segment of said piece of
music being played after activation of said specifying means; and
an address changing means for changing said address to a first address of
said storage locations so as to resume addressing of said storage
locations of said storage region specified by said specifying means at the
time when said forthcoming is detected by said detecting means.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an
automatic music playing apparatus for automatically playing a piece of
music in accordance with play data, said piece of music being composed of
a predetermined number of consecutive segments, said apparatus comprising:
a storage means for storing said play data of at least one predetermined
segment in a storage region having a predetermined number of storage
locations assigned addresses;
a reading means for sequentially reading said play data out of said storage
means while addressing said storage locations;
a musical tone generating means for generating musical tones in accordance
with said play data read out by said reading means;
an operation means adapted to be activated;
a detecting means for detecting a forthcoming segment of said piece of
music being played after activation of said operation means; and
an address changing means for changing said address to a predetermined
address at the time when said forthcoming segment is detected by said
detecting means.
In accordance with the first aspect of the invention, when the storage
region is specified by the specifying means, the play of the current
segment is continued until the subsequent segment has come. Upon detection
of the subsequent segment, the automatic playing returns to a leading
address location of the storing region and the playing is resumed from the
location.
In accordance with the second aspect of the invention, when the operation
means is activated, the play of the current segment is continued until the
subsequent segment arrives. Upon detection of the subsequent segment, the
address is changed to the predetermined address, and the automatic playing
is resumed from the predetermined address.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an arrangement of a first embodiment of
the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of an operation panel
according to the first embodiment of this invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing various data and codes used in the first
embodiment of this invention;
FIGS. 4 through 11 are flowcharts showing various programs of a CPU, in
which
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a main routine;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a key/timbre event routine;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing rhythm-interruption processing:
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a rhythm-stop routine;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an auto-play write routine;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an auto-play read routine;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing bank-switch processing;
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a read auto-play data reading routine;
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for description of an automatic play
mode;
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for description of lighting conditions of
LEDs according to a second embodiment of this invention;
FIGS. 14 and 15 are flowcharts each showing processing executed by a CPU
according to the second embodiment of this invention;
FIGS. 16 and 17 are explanatory diagrams for description of lighting state
of LEDs according to a third embodiment of this invention;
FIGS. 18 and 19 are flowcharts, each showing processing executed by a CPU
according to the third embodiment of this invention; and
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram for the description of a modification of
the third embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with
reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing
an arrangement of an electronic musical instrument provided with an
automatic playing apparatus.
The electronic musical instrument has a keyboard 10 and an operation panel
20. The keyboard 10 is composed of a plurality of keys, each specifying a
musical tone. Depression and release of each key are detected by the
opening and the closing of an associated key switch provided in a key
switch circuit 10a. A plurality of key touch sensors are provided in a
key-touch detecting circuit 10b in association with the keys, each of the
key-touch sensors is operated in response to the depression of the
associated key. With such key-touch sensors, initial key-touch data is
detected, such as key-depression speed and key-depression pressure. The
key switch circuit 10a and the key-touch detecting circuit 10b are coupled
to a bus 30.
As shown in FIG. 2, various kinds of buttons (described below) are arranged
on the operation panel 20. Rhythm start button 21a and rhythm stop button
21b are provided to start and to stop the auto-rhythm, respectively.
Rhythm selection buttons 22 are provided for selecting a rhythm, such as,
for example, a march, a waltz or the like. Up button 23a and down button
23b are provided to increase and decrease the auto-rhythm tempo,
respectively. Auto-play write button 24a and auto-play read button 24b are
provided for instructing recording commencement and playing commencement
of automatic play data. Bank switches 25a, 25b and 25c are for designating
memory locations (bank) of a play data memory 62. LEDs (light emitting
diodes) 26w and 26r are disposed immediately above the buttons 24a and
24b, respectively. Other LEDs 26a, 26b and 26c are disposed immediately
above the bank switches 25a, 25b and 25c, respectively. Timbre buttons 27a
and effect buttons 27b are arranged on the right side of the operation
panel 20 for imposing timbre (or tone-color) and effect on musical tone,
respectively. A display unit 28 is further arranged on the operation panel
20. Manipulations of these buttons are detected by a plurality of button
switches provided in a button switch circuit 20a in association with the
buttons on the operation panel 20. The display unit 28, LEDs 26a through
26c, 26w and 26r are subject to display control by a display control
circuit 20b. The button switch circuit 20a and the display control circuit
20b are coupled to the bus 30.
Also coupled to the bus 30 are a tempo oscillator 40, a rhythm tone signal
generating circuit 51, a keyboard musical tone signal generating circuit
52, an automatic play musical tone signal generating circuit 53, a data
storage circuit 60 and a microcomputer 70. The tempo oscillator 40
supplies a tempo clock signal serves as a rhythm interruption signal which
is dependent upon the tempo as instructed. The rhythm tone signal
generating circuit 51 is provided with a plurality of percussion tone
signal producing circuits, each of which generates a percussion tone of a
percussion instrument, such as cymbals, or a bass drum. The percussion
tone signal is generated in response to rhythm pattern data supplied from
the microcomputer 70 via the bus 30. Both the keyboard musical tone signal
generating circuit 52 and the automatic play musical tone signal
generating circuit 53 are provided with a plurality of tone signal
generating channels for generating tone signals corresponding to tones of
musical instruments, such as a piano, or a violin. On the basis of the
play data supplied from the microcomputer 70 via the bus 30, the keyboard
tone signal generating circuit 52 geenerates a tone signal in accordance
with the depression and release of the key on the keyboard 10,
manipulations of the timbre buttons 27a and the effect buttons 27b. The
automatic play tone signal generating circuit 53 generates a tone signal
on the basis of the automatic play data stored in the data storage circuit
60; this data is supplied via the bus 30 upon read out of the data storage
circuit 60 by the microcomputer 70. The tone signals generated from the
rhythm tone signal generating circuit 51, keyboard tone signal generating
circuit 52 and the automatic play tone signal generating circuit 53 are
mixed together and the resultant signal is fed to an amplifier 54. An
output of the amplifier 54 is in turn fed to a loudspeaker 55, which
produces tones corresponding to the mixed tone signal.
The data storage circuit 60 includes a rhythm pattern data memory 61, a
play data memory 62 and a buffer register 63, which are coupled to the bus
30. The rhythm pattern data memory 61 is constituted with a ROM in which
rhythm pattern data for each of the rhythms has been stored in time
sequence for the amount over the duration of one bar. The rhythm pattern
data serves to instruct the rhythm tone signal generating circuit 51 to
generate any one of the percussion tone signals. The play data memory 62
is constituted with a RAM which is divided into three storage regions
(banks) each having equal sizes of memory (N) and having a number of
storage locations APM(ADR) addressable by an address ADR to be described
later. The following kinds of automatic play data are stored in the
respective storage locations APM(ADR) in the data formats illustrated in
FIG. 3, which are:
Timing data composed of an identification mark identifying timing data, and
time data TIMD indicating the elapsed time after the leading portion of a
bar;
Key depression data composed of an identification mark identifying the key
depression event data in the keyboard 10, a key code KC indicative of the
key depressed, and touch data KTD indicative of an initial key touch
status (volume level);
Key release data composed of an identification mark identifying key release
event data in the keyboard 10, and a key code KC indicative of the key
released;
Timbre/effect data composed of an identification mark identifying either
timbre data or effect data updated by the timbre buttons 27a or the effect
buttons 27b, respectively, and timbre/effect name data indicating the name
of the updated time or effect;
Bar (or measure) code indicative of a time of automatic playing which is in
coincidence with a timing at the leading portion of a bar or measure; and
End code indicative of an end timing of automatic play.
The microcomputer 70 is made up of a program memory 71, a central
processing unit (CPU) 72 and a working memory 73, all of which are coupled
to the bus 30. The program memory 71 is constituted with a ROM in which
are stored a main program, a rhythm interruption program, and their
subprograms. The CPU 72 starts implementation of the main program when a
power source switch (not shown) is turned on and repeatedly implements the
main program until the power source switch is turned off. The CPU 72
interrupts the implementation of the main program when the tempo clock
signal is received from the tempo oscillator 40 and executes the rhythm
interruption program. The working memory 73 is constituted with a RAM in
which plural kinds of data and flags required for implementation of the
main program are temporarily stored. Data and flags stored therein are
primarily as follows;
Rhythm run flag RUN is indicative of the operational status of the
auto-rhythm, in which "1" indicates the auto-rhythm is in operation; and
"0" indicates the auto-rhythm is stopped;
Write auto-play flag APW indicates the operational status of automatic
play, in which "1" indicates that automatic play data is being written
into the play data memory 62 (i.e., recording mode), and "0" indicates
that the status is not in the recording mode;
Read auto-play flag APR indicate the operational status of automatic play,
in which "1" indicates that automatic play data is being read out of the
play data memory 62 (i.e., play mode), "0" indicates that the status is
not in the play mode;
Synchronization start flag SST for synchronizing the key manipulations by a
performer with the rhythm tone at the time of writing the play data;
Head flag HEAD for searching a head portion of the automatic play in
conformity with the bank designation by the performer;
Tempo counter TCNT which value is incremented by one whenever the tempo
oscillator 40 generates a tempo clock signal, indicating an advanced
position of the auto-rhythm within one bar;
Address ADR is an address of the play data memory 62;
Read data RDDT is the automatic play data read out of the play data memory
62;
Read timing data RDTIM indicates only the timing data contained in the
automatic play data read out of the play data memory 62; and
Bank data BANK indicative of a bank number of the memory 62.
The operations of the apparatus will be described as follows with reference
to the flowcharts illustrated in FIGS. 4 through 11.
(1) Normal Play Mode
In a normal play mode, a musical tone is generated in accordance with the
depression/release of the key in the keyboard 10 and manipulations of the
operation panel 10.
When the power source switch (not shown) is turned on, the CPU 72 starts
implementation of the main program in step 100. In step 101, the
respective registers in the working memory 73 are cleared to thereby set
the microcomputer 70 to an initial status. After the initial setting, in
step 102, the CPU 72 scans the key switches contained in the key switch
circuit 10a and the button switches contained in the button switch circuit
20a to thereby read depression/release data concerning the keyboard 10 and
the operation data of the respective buttons on the operation panel 20
through the bus 30. In step 103, on the basis of the depression/release
data and the operation data thus read, the CPU detects presence or absence
of the depression/release event in the keyboard 10 and the operation event
in the operation panel 20 in cooperation with the working memory 73.
Assuming that none of the keys on the keyboard 10 are depressed or
released and none of the buttons on the operation panel 20 are
manipulated, the decision made in step 103 by the CPU 72 results in "NO",
i.e., a decision is made so that the event is absent, whereupon the
procedure returns to step 102 and the processing in steps 102 and 103 are
cyclically executed.
When any one of the keys on the keyboard 10 is depressed or released, or
when any one of the buttons on the operation panel 20 is manipulated, the
decision made in step 103 by the CPU 72 results in YES, i.e., a decision
is made so that the event is present, whereupon the program advances to
step 104 in which kind of event is discriminated. In the normal play mode,
the automatic play writing button 24a, the automatic play reading button
24b and the bank switches 25a through 25c, are all arranged on the
operation panel 20 and are normally not manipulated. Therefore,
description will be made with respect to the case where the keys or
buttons excluding those mentioned above are depressed. Those which may be
depressed are the keys on the keyboard 10, rhythm start button 21a, rhythm
stop button 21a, rhythm selection buttons 22, up button 23a, down button
23b, timbre buttons 27a and effect buttons 27.
Firstly, description will be made with respect to the case when either of
the keys on the keyboard 10, timbre buttons 27a and effect buttons 27b is
depressed. In this case, upon processing the step 104, the program is
advanced to step 105 and a key/timbre event routine, as illustrated in
detail in FIG. 5, is executed. This routine begins with step 200, and in
step 200a the CPU 72 checks whether or not the synchronization start flag
ST is "1". Since the result of this check is "NO", the routine advances to
step 201 where all the event data concerning the depressed keys and
buttons are written into an event buffer register provided in the working
memory 73. When any one of the keys on the keyboard 10 is depressed, the
key touch data indicative of the initial key touch status detected by the
key touch detecting circuit 10b when the key is depressed is also written
into the event buffer register as part of the event data. In step 202, all
such event data are outputted to the keyboard musical tone signal
generating circuit 52 via the bus 30. The keyboard musical tone signal
generating circuit 52 receives and stores the event data therein, and
concurrently controls the generation of the tone signal on the basis of
the event data. If the event data represents a key depression on the
keyboard 10, the keyboard musical tone signal generating circuit 52 start
generation of a high frequency musical tone signal corresponding to the
key depressed. The resultant signal is supplied through the amplifier 54
to the loudspeaker 55. The initial key touch data is accompanied by the
tone signal and is thus outputted to the musical tone signal generating
circuit 52. The initial key touch data is utilized for controlling the
volume of the tone signal generated from the circuit 52. As a result, the
musical tone corresponding to the depressed key on the keyboard 10 is
generated with a volume corresponding to the initial key-touch status. If
the event data represents a key release on the keyboard 10, the keyboard
musical tone signal generating circuit 52 stops generation of the tone
signal of the released key. As a result, the tone signal concerning the
released key is no longer generated from the loudspeaker 55.
In the event data supplied to the keyboard musical tone signal generating
circuit 52 is the one which comes from the timbre buttons 27a or effect
buttons 27b, the circuit 52 controls either the timbre of the tone signal
or the effect imposed on the tone signal, depending upon the button
manipulated. Thus, the timbre and the effect of the tone is controlled in
accordance with the manipulation of the timbre buttons 27a and effect
buttons 27b.
After the processing step 202, the CPU 72 checks in step 203 whether or not
the auto-play write flag APW is "1". Since the fact that the electronic
musical instrument is set to the normal play mode, the flag APW is "0", so
the decision made at step 203 results in "NO". Then, the program advances
to step 204. In step 204, the CPU 72 clears all the event data stored in
the event buffer register and execution of the key/timbre event routine is
terminated in step 205, whereupon the program returns to step 102 shown in
FIG. 4. The CPU 72 again cyclically executes steps 102 and 103, and when a
key on the keyboard 10 is depressed or released, or any one of the timbre
buttons 27 is manipulated during this cyclic processing, the generation of
the tone is controlled depending upon the depression or release of the key
or the manipulation of the button as described above.
Next, description will be made with respect to the case when any one of the
rhythm buttons 22, up button 23a and down button 23b is manipulated.
During the cyclic processing in step 102 and 103, the CPU 72 advances the
program to step 104 upon making "YES" decision in step 103. Through the
processing in step 104, the processing in step 106 is carried out. In the
processing in step 106, if the button manipulated is one of the rhythm
selection buttons, the rhythm data stored in the working memory 73,
representing the auto-rhythm is updated, depending upon the key
manipulated. When either the up button 23a or the down button 23b is
manipulated, the tempo data also stored in the working memory 73
representing the tempo of the auto-rhythm, is updated depending upon a
period of time during which the button 23a or 23b is being operated. The
updated data is supplied via the bus 30 to the tempo oscillator 40. In
response thereto, the frequency of the tempo clock signal produced from
the oscillator 40 is varied. In this manner, with the processing in step
106, the kind of rhythm and the rhythm tempo are determined in accordance
with which buttons are manipulated among the rhythm selection buttons 22,
the up button 23a and the down button 23b. After the processing in step
106, the CPU 72 again returns the program to step 102 and carries out the
cyclic processing in steps 102 and 103.
During this cyclic processing, when the rhythm start button 21a is
manipulated, "YES" decision is made by the CPU 72 in step 103 so that the
program is advanced to step 104. Through the processing in step 104, the
processing in step 107 is carried out. In the processing in step 107, the
rhythm run flag RUN is set to "1" and the tempo counter TCNT is set to an
initial value "0". After the processing in step 107, the CPU 72 returns
the program to step 102 and again executes the cyclic processing in steps
102 and 103.
During this cyclic processing, when the tempo clock signal is generated
from the tempo oscillator 40, the CPU 72 interrupts the execution of the
program and starts implementation of the rhythm interrupt program
illustrated in FIG. 6. The rhythm interruption program starts from step
900 and in step 901 the CPU 72 checks whether or not the rhythm run flag
RUN is "1". Since the rhythm run flag RUN has been set to "1" in the
processing in step 107 (FIG. 4), the decision made in step 901 results in
"YES". Then, the program is advanced to step 902. In step 902, while
referring to the rhythm pattern memory 61, the CPU 72 reads the rhythm
pattern data out of the memory 61, which data has been set depending upon
the rhythm kind data set by the manipulation of the rhythm selection
buttons 22 and the tempo counter TCNT set to "0" through the processing in
step 107 (FIG. 4). The CPU 72 outputs the data thus read out to the rhythm
tone signal generating circuit 51 via the bus 30. In accordance with the
rhythm pattern data, the rhythm tone signal generating circuit 51
generates a percussion tone signal and supplies the latter to the
loudspeaker 55 through the amplifier 54. As a result, percussion tone
corresponding to the rhythm pattern data is generated from the loudspeaker
55.
After the processing in step 902, the CPU 72 checks in step 903 whether or
not the auto-play read flag APR is "1". In this check, since the
electronic musical instrument is set to the normal play mode, the
auto-play read flag APR is set to "0", the decision made in step 903
results in "NO" and the program is advanced to step 904. In step 904, the
CPU 72 executes an operation of "TCNT=TCNT+1" so as to increment the tempo
counter TCNT by one. That is, the tempo counter TCNT is set to "1". In
step 905, the CPU 72 checks whether or not the thus incremented tempo
counter TCNT represents an end value "48" of one bar. It is to be noted
that in this embodiment, one bar is divided into 48 timings. Since the
tempo counter TCNT does not represent the bar end value "48" at the time
immediately after the tempo counter has been changed from "0" to "1", the
decision made at step 905 results in "NO" and the program advances to step
906 at which the implementation of the rhythm interruption program is
terminated. Before manipulation of the rhythm start button 21a and under
the condition that the rhythm run flag RUN has been set to "0", the rhythm
interruption program is implemented if the tempo clock signal is generated
from the tempo oscillator 40. However, in this case, no percussion tone is
generated because the decision made in step 901 results in "NO" due to the
fact that the rhythm run flag RUN has been set to "0" and thus the program
advances to step 906 without passing via step 902.
After completion of the rhythm interruption program, the CPU 72 carries out
the program which was interrupted. Whenever the tempo clock signal is
generated from the tempo oscillator 40, the above-mentioned steps from 900
through 906 of the rhythm interruption program are executed to thereby
control the automatic tone generation from the percussion instrument in
accordance with the rhythm pattern data, whereat the tempo counter TCNT is
sequentially incremented one by one. During such operations, when a period
of time corresponding to one bar has elapsed from the manipulation of the
rhythm start button 21a, the reading of one bar rhythm pattern data out of
the rhythm pattern data memory 61 is terminated, and simultaneously the
tempo counter TCNT indicates a value "48" which coincides with the bar
end. At this time, the CPU 72 makes "YES" decision in the processing in
step 905 on the basis of the tempo counter TCNT and advances to step Sa1
of a head search sub-routine SUB. In step Sa1, the CPU 72 checks whether
or not the head flag is "1". The result of the checking is "NO" in this
case, therefore, the program jumps to step 907 out of the subroutine SUB
1. In step 907, the tempo counterer TCNT is set to the initial value "0"
and the program advances to step 908. In step 908, the CPU 72 checks
whether or not the autoplay write flag APW is "1". The electronic musical
instrument is in the normal play mode in this case, so that "NO" decision
is made by the CPU 72 , with which the implementation of the rhythm
interruption program is terminated. The auto rhythm play is again carried
out from the beginning of the bar. The performer can play the keyboard
while being accompanied by the auto rhythm.
During such auto rhythm play, when the rhythm stop button 21b is
manipulated, the CPU 72 makes "YES" decision during the cyclic processing
through the steps 102 and 103 (FIG. 4). The program is then advanced to
step 108 through the processing in step 104. In step 108, a rhythm stop
routine as illustrated in detail in FIG. 7 is implemented. The rhythm stop
routine starts with step 300, and in step 302 "YES" decision is made,
since the rhythm write flag RUN has been set to "1" as mentioned above. In
step 302, the flag RUN is set to "0", whereby the subsequent output of the
tempo clock signal from the tempo oscillator 40 and the implementation of
the rhythm interruption program (FIG. 6) do not cause the generation of a
percussion tone. The auto rhythm play is thus stopped. After the
processing of step 302, the CPU 72 checks in steps 303 and 304 whether or
not the auto-play write flag APW and the auto-play read flag APR are "1".
The electronic musical instrument is then in the normal play mode and thus
both flags APW and APR have been set to "0", so the decision made in steps
303 and 304 result in "NO" in both instances. The implementation of this
rhythm stop routine is thus terminated in step 305. In the case where the
rhythm stop button 21b is manipulated when the auto rhythm is being
stopped, i.e. in the condition when the rhythm run flag RUN is "0", the
implementation of the rhythm stop routine starts with step 300. However,
decision made in step 301 results in "NO" and thus the implementation of
this routine is terminated with step 305. Accordingly, the manipulation of
the rhythm stop button 21b does not exert any influence whatsoever on the
operation of the electronic musical instrument.
(2) Automatic Play Recording Mode
In an automatic play recording mode, play data produced in accordance with
depression/release of the keys on the keyboard 10 and manipulation of the
operation panel 21 are written into a play data memory 62 as automatic
play data.
When recording the play data, the performer first selects a bank (storage
location) by means of bank switches 25a through 25c. He then depresses the
write auto-play button 24a and then plays using the keyboard 10 and the
various buttons on the operation panel 20.
When either one of the bank switches 25a through 25c is used, the decision
made in step 103 (FIG. 4) results in "YES", and the program advances to
step 111 through the processing in step 104, in which the bank switch
processing are carried out. FIG. 10 illustrates the bank switch
processing, which start with step 350. In step 351, the CPU 72 checks
whether or not the auto-play read flag APR is "1". The decision made in
this step results in "NO" and the program advances to step 352. In step
352, the bank data BANK is set to i (i being a number assigned to a bank
switch) and the address ADR is set to "N.times.(i-1)". Specifically, when
the performer depresses the bank switch 25a, "0" is set as the address
ADR. When the bank switch 25b is depressed, "N" is set as the address ADR,
and when the bank switch 25c is depressed, "2N" is set as the address ADR.
As mentioned previously, "N" is the quantity of each bank of the play data
memory 6. As is apparent from the above, "0", "N", "2N" indicate start
addresses of the respective banks. When the processing of step 353 is
terminated, the program returns to step 102 shown in FIG. 4.
Next, with the manipulation of the automatic play write button 24a, the
decision made in step 103 results in "YES" and the program advances
through step 104 to step 109 of the auto-play write routine.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the auto-play write routine. The routine
starts with step 400 and in step 401, the CPU 72 checks whether or not the
bank data BANK is "0". In the above-mentioned step 352 (FIG. 10), since
the bank data BANK has been set to either one of "1" through "3", the
decision made in this step results in "N0". Thus, the program advances to
step 402. When the decision made in step 401 results in "YES", the program
returns to step 102 (FIG. 4). In step 402, the auto-play write flag APW is
subtracted from the data "1" and the resultant data is set to the flag
APW. Specifically, the position of the auto-play write flag APW is
reversed. In the next step 403, the CPU 72 checks whether or not the
auto-play write flag APW is "1". When the result of this checking is "NO",
the program advances to step 404 where the LED 26w (FIG. 2) is turned off.
In contrast, when the result of checking in step 404 is "YES", the program
advances to step 405. In step 405, the LED 26w is lit, the auto-play read
flag APR is reset, the LED 26r is turned off, and the synchronization
start flag SST is set to "1". whereupon the program returns to step 102.
In this manner, when the auto-play write button 24a is manipulated, the
auto-play write flag APW is reset provided that the latter flag is "1"
(write enable status), and the LED 26w is turned off when the write enable
status is terminated. Conversely, in the case where the flag APW is "0",
each of the settings in step 405 is carried out to thereby place the
apparatus in the write enable status.
Under the status that the flag APW is "1", when the performer plays using
the keyboard 10 and the various buttons on the operation panel 20, the
play data indicating the play condition is sequentially written into the
bank of the play data memory 62 specified by one of the bank switches 25a
through 25c. More specifically, when the performer depresses a key on the
keyboard 10, the program advances to key/timbre event routine (FIG. 5)
through steps 103 and 104. In this routine, the CPU 72 checks in step 200a
whether or not the synchronization start flag SST is "1". Since the
decision made in this step results in "YES" (see step 405 in FIG. 8), the
program advances to step 200b. In step 200b, the synchronization start
flag SST is reset, the rhythm run flag RUN is set, and the tempo counter
TCNT is cleared or reset. After the processing in steps 201 and 202 are
executed, the program advances to step 203. Since the decision made in
step 203 results in "YES", the program advances to the play data write
routine composed of steps 206 through 211.
In step 206 of this routine, timing data is written as play data into the
storage location APM(ADR) of the play data memory 62. This timing data is,
as shown in FIG. 3, made up of the identification mark and the time data
TIMD. The identification mark is set to a code indicating that the play
data is the timing data and the time data TIMD is set to a value indicated
by the tempo counter TCNT. As such, the time data TIMD indicates a period
of time elapsing from a bar line. At this time, "0" is the data written as
the timing data into the storage location APM(ADR) of the memory 62. After
execution of the address increment processing (ADR=ADR+1) in step 207, the
CPU 72 fetches one of the event data which has been stored in the event
buffer register in the processing of step 201, and stores the fetched data
in a storage location ARM(ADR) of the play data memory 62 as a play data.
Specifically, if the event data thus fetched concerns the one resulting
from the depression of the key on the keyboard 10, stored therein as the
play data are the identification mark identifying the depression of the
key, the key code KC indicative of the key depressed, and the key touch
data KTD indicative of the initial key touch, all as shown in FIG. 3. If
the even data thus fetched concerns the one resulting from the release of
the key on the keyboard 10, stored therein as the play data are the key
release data which include the identification mark identifying the release
of the key and the key code KC indicative of the key released, as also
shown in FIG. 3. Furthermore, if the event data thus fetched concerns the
one resulting from the manipulation of one of the timbre buttons or effect
buttons 27b, stored therein as the play data are the timbre or effect data
which includes the identification mark identifying timbre/effect data and
the timbre/effect name data indicative of the name of the timbre/effect.
At this time, the key depression data shown in FIG. 3 is stored as the
play data.
After step 208, the CPU 72 clears, the event data in the event buffer
register, (which has been transferred and stored in the play data memory
62) in step 209. In step 210, the CPU 72 checks whether or not the event
data remains in the register. If affirmative, the result of the checking
in step 210 is "YES", and the CPU 72 again executes the processing in
steps 207 through 209 and stores the play data in the subsequent storage
location APM(ADR+1) of the play data memory 62 in the manner as described
above. As a result of the processing in steps 207 through 209, if the
residual event data has become empty, the CPU 72 makes "NO" decision in
step 210 and increments the address ADR by "1" in step 211. The
implementation of the key/timbre event routine is terminated with the
processing in step 205. As a result, if there are depressions or releases
of the keys on the keyboard 10 or the manipulations of the timbre buttons
27a and the effect buttons 27b, the simultaneously depressed keys or the
depressed key data or the timbre data or the like are stored after the
timing data. By the processing of steps 206 through 210 in the key/timbre
event routine and the processing of steps 908 and 909 in a rhythm
interruption program (FIG. 6, described below), the bar code for a bar is
incorporated into the play data stored in the play data memory 62 at every
internal of the bars. In addition, the play data concerning the keyboard
10, timbre buttons 27a or the effect buttons 27b for the simultaneous
events are stored together with the timing data in the lead position.
On the other hand, once the rhythm run flag RUN is rendered "1" due to the
processing in step 200b, whenever a tempo clock signal is generated, the
processing in steps 900 through 906 of the rhythm interruption program
(FIG. 6) are executed and the auto rhythm play is performed in accordance
with the tone generation control of the percussion tone performed in step
902. In this case, when the auto rhythm play reaches the bar line, the CPU
72 makes a "YES" decision in step 905 as described, and then the program
advances to step 907 through step Sa1. After setting the tempo counter
TCNT to the initial value in step 907, the CPU 72 makes a "YES" decision
in step 908 in accordance with the auto-play write flag APW which has been
set to "1" in step 908. In step 909, the bar code (see FIG. 3) is written
into the storage location APM(ADR) of the play data memory 62. In step
910, by the operation of "ADR=ADR+1" in step 910, the address ADR is
incremented by "1", and the implementation of the rhythm interruption
program is terminated. Thus, together with the auto rhythm play, a line of
code for a bar is written into the play data memory 62 each time there
occurs a new bar line as the music progresses.
When the rhythm stop button 21b is manipulated to terminate the automatic
play recording mode, the CPU 72 makes a "YES" decision in step 103 during
the execution of the cyclic processing of steps 102 and 103. The program
advances to step 108 through the check processing in step 104. In step
108, a rhythm stop routine is implemented, as illustrated in detail in
FIG. 7. As in the previous description, the rhythm-stop routine begins
with step 300. In the processing in steps 301 and 302, the rhythm run flag
RUN is set to "0" to thereby effect a stop control for the auto rhythm
play. However, the auto-play write flag APW has been set to "1" so that a
"YES" decision is made by the CPU 72 in the subsequent step 303. The
program advances to step 306 in which the end code is written into the
storage location APM(ADR) of the memory 62. In step 307, the address ADR
is set to "0", the auto-play write flag APW is reset, and the LED 26w is
turned off, and the write mode is terminated. In step 304, the CPU 72
checks whether or not the auto-play read flag APR is "1". Since the
decision made in step is "NO", the program returns to step 102 via step
305.
(3) Auto Play Mode
In an auto-play mode, upon reading play data out of the play data memory
62, auto-play is performed in accordance with the play data thus read out.
If, for example, a piece of music for auto-play play is composed as shown
in FIG. 12:
a1 (15 bars)+a2 (1 bar)+a1+a3 (1 bar)+a4 (16 bars)
In such an instance, (a1+a2) and (a3+a4) are stored in advance, for
example, in banks 1 and 2 of the play data memory 62, respectively. To
perform the auto-play, the bank 1 is first designated by the bank switch
25a, and then the auto-play read button 24b is depressed, whereby the
automatic play of (a1+a2) is performed. Next, the performer again
depresses the bank switch 25a which designates the bank 1 while the
automatic play is playing a portion a2 (see arrow P1), so that the
automatic play of the a1 portion is carried out immediately after the
automatic play of a2 has terminated. Next, the performer depresses the
bank switch 25b when the automatic play is playing the last bar (see arrow
P2), whereby the automatic play of the (a3+a4) portion stored in the bank
2 is carried out immediately after the automatic play of the a1 portion
has terminated.
Steps of the above described automatic play will be described in more
detail.
When the performer depresses the bank switch 25a, a decision made in step
103 (FIG. 4) results in "YES", and the program advances through step 104
to step 111 for a bank switch processing (FIG. 10). The bank switch
processing start with step 350, and in step 351, the CPU 72 checks whether
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