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Claims  |
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What is claimed is:
1. A control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus for
controlling characteristics of a musical sound to be produced by a musical
sound production apparatus based on an input waveform signal, said control
apparatus comprising:
pitch extraction means for extracting pitch data from an input waveform
signal;
pitch variation detection means coupled to said pitch extraction means for
detecting a variation of said pitch data, including means for calculating
pitch variation data which represents a difference between a previously
extracted pitch data and currently extracted pitch data; and
control means coupled to said pitch variation detecting means for variably
controlling selected characteristics including one of timbre and tone
volume other than pitch of the musical sound to be produced by said
musical sound production apparatus based on said pitch variation data.
2. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 1, wherein
said pitch variation detection means subtracts previously extracted pitch
data from currently extracted pitch data selected from among the pitch
data sequentially extracted from said pitch extraction means, thereby
detecting said pitch variation data.
3. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 1, wherein
said pitch variation detection means subtracts pitch data extracted at a
predetermined timing from pitch data extracted at the most recent timing
by said pitch extraction means, thereby detecting said pitch variation
data.
4. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 3, wherein
said pitch variation detection means subtracts pitch data extracted upon a
start of input of said input waveform signal from pitch data extracted at
the most recent timing by said pitch extraction means, thereby detecting
said pitch variation data.
5. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 3, wherein
said pitch variation detection means subtracts pitch data extracted a
predetermined period from the start of input of said input waveform
signal, from pitch data extracted at the most recent timing by said pitch
extraction means, thereby detecting said pitch variation data.
6. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 3, wherein
said pitch variation detection means subtracts pitch data extracted after a
predetermined number of pitch data are extracted after a start of input of
said input waveform signal, from pitch data extracted at the most recent
timing by said pitch extraction means, thereby detecting said pitch
variation data.
7. A control apparatus for using a musical sound production apparatus of an
electronic guitar for controlling characteristics of a musical sound to be
produced, said control apparatus comprising:
pick-up means for detecting a string oscillation caused by a string being
plucked by a performer as a string oscillation waveform signal;
pitch extraction means coupled to said pickup means for extracting pitch
data from said string oscillation waveform signal;
pitch variation detection means coupled to said pitch extraction means for
detecting said pitch data variation, including means for calculating pitch
variation data which represents a difference between a previously
extracted pitch data and currently extracted pitch data; and
control means coupled to said pitch variation detection means for variably
controlling selected characteristics including one of timbre and tone
volume other than pitch of the musical sound to be produced by said
musical sound production apparatus based on said pitch variation data.
8. A control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus, for
controlling the characteristics of a musical sound to be produced by a
musical sound production apparatus based on an input waveform signal, said
control apparatus comprising:
pitch extraction means for extracting pitch data from the input waveform
signal;
pitch variation detection means coupled to said pitch extraction means for
detecting a variation of said pitch data, including means for calculating
pitch variation data which represents a difference between a previously
extracted pitch data and currently extracted pitch data;
periodic signal production means for producing a periodic signal; and
control means coupled to said pitch variation detection means and to said
periodic signal production means for variably controlling selected
characteristics including one of timbre and tone volume other than pitch
of a musical sound to be produced by said musical sound production
apparatus, in accordance with a control signal formed based on said pitch
variation data and said periodic signal.
9. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 8, wherein
said control means performs a variable control operation for controlling
characteristics of the musical sound both when the pitch data is extracted
10. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 9, wherein
said control means converts said pitch variation data to a modified pitch
variation data according to a predetermined conversion function, and adds
the modified pitch variation data to said periodic signal to provide an
added value which variably controls the characteristics of the musical
sound produced by said musical sound production apparatus.
11. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 10, wherein
said control means enables said added value to modulate the amplitude of
the musical sound to be produced by said musical sound production
apparatus, thereby imparting tremolo effect.
12. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 10, wherein
said control means enables said added value to modulate the frequency of a
musical sound to be produced by said musical sound production apparatus,
thereby providing a vibrato effect.
13. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 9, wherein
said control means performs said variable control operation by using the
most recent periodic signal produced by said periodic signal production
means when said variable control operation for controlling the
characteristics of the musical sound is performed at the time at which
pitch data are extracted from said pitch extraction means; and
said control means performs said variable control operation by using the
most recent pitch data extracted from said pitch extraction means when
said variable control operation for controlling the characteristics of the
musical sound is performed at the time at which the periodic signal is
produced from said periodic signal production means.
14. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 9, wherein
said pitch extraction means outputs a first interrupt signal to said
control means every time pitch data is extracted from the input waveform
signal;
said periodic signal production means outputs a second interrupt signal to
said control means every time a periodic signal is produced; and
said control means performs the variable control operation to control the
characteristics of the musical sound when said first and second interrupt
signal is input.
15. A control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus for
controlling characteristics of a musical sound to be produced by a musical
sound production apparatus based on an input waveform signal, said control
apparatus comprising:
pitch extraction means for extracting pitch data from the input waveform
signal, and;
pitch variation detection means coupled to said pitch extraction means for
detecting a variation in pitch data, including means for calculating pitch
variation data which represents a difference between a previously
extracted pitch data and currently extracted pitch data;
pitch variation data correcting means for correcting said pitch variation
data obtained by said pitch variation detection means; and
control means coupled to said pitch variation data correcting means for
variably controlling characteristics including one of timbre and tone
volume other than pitch of the musical sound to be produced by the musical
sound production apparatus based on corrected pitch variation data.
16. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 15, wherein
said pitch variation data correcting means corrects the pitch variation
data in accordance with a magnitude of a pitch variation width based on
said pitch variation data.
17. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 16, wherein
said pitch variation data correcting means corrects said pitch variation
data to have a variation width of 0 when the magnitude of pitch variation
width based on said pitch variation data exceeds a predetermined value.
18. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 16, wherein
said pitch variation data correcting means corrects said pitch variation
data to have a predetermined variation width, when the magnitude of pitch
variation width based on said pitch variation data exceeds a predetermined
value.
19. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 16, wherein
said pitch variation data correcting means corrects said pitch variation
data to have the same pitch variation width as the pitch variation data
detected by said pitch variation detecting means at a previous timing,
when the magnitude of pitch variation width based on said pitch variation
data exceeds a predetermined value.
20. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 15, wherein
said pitch variation data correcting means corrects said pitch variation
data in accordance with the magnitude of a pitch based on said pitch data.
21. A control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus for
controlling characteristics of a musical sound to be produced by a musical
sound production apparatus based on an input waveform signal, said control
apparatus comprising:
pitch extraction means for extracting pitch data from the input waveform
signal;
pitch variation detecting means coupled to said pitch extraction means for
detecting a variation of said pitch data, including means for calculating
the pitch variation data which represents a difference between a
previously extracted pitch data and currently extracted pitch data;
velocity extracting means for extracting velocity data from said input
waveform signal; and
control means coupled to said pitch variation detecting means and to said
velocity extracting means for variably controlling a selected
characteristic including one of timbre and tone volume other than pitch of
the musical sound to be produced by the musical sound production apparatus
based on said pitch variation data and velocity data.
22. A control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus for
controlling a characteristics of a musical sound to be produced by a
musical sound production apparatus, based on an input waveform signal,
said control apparatus comprising:
pitch extraction means for extracting pitch data from the input waveform
signal;
pitch variation detecting means coupled to said pitch extraction means for
detecting a variation of said pitch data, including means for calculating
pitch variation data which represents a difference between a previously
extracted pitch data and currently extracted pitch data;
velocity extracting means for extracting velocity data from said input
waveform signal;
periodic signal production means for producing a periodic signal; and
control means coupled to said pitch variation detecting means, to said
velocity extracting means and to said periodic signal production means for
variably controlling selected characteristics including one of timbre and
tone volume other than pitch of a musical sound produced by said musical
sound production apparatus based on said pitch variation data, said
velocity data, and said periodic signal.
23. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 22, wherein
said control means converts said pitch variation data by a predetermined
conversion function to provide a converted value, the converted value is
multiplied by the value determined by said velocity data to provide a
multiplied value, the multiplied value is added to said periodic signal to
provide an added value, and the added value is used to control the
characteristics of the musical sound to be produced by said musical sound
production apparatus.
24. The control apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus
according to claim 22, wherein
said control means converts said pitch variation data by a first
predetermined conversion function to provide a first converted value and
converts said velocity data by a second predetermined conversion function
to provide a second converted value, said both first and second converted
values are multiplied to provide a multiplied value, the multiplied value
is added to the said periodic signal to provide an added value, and
characteristics of the musical sound produced by said musical sound
production apparatus are variably controlled by said added value. |
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Claims |
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Description |
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument which
produces a musical sound with a pitch corresponding to pitch data detected
from an input waveform signal, and more particularly to a control
apparatus for use in a musical sound production apparatus for controlling
a musical sound according to pitch variation information detected from the
pitch data.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A type of electronic musical instrument has been developed which detects an
oscillation of an activated string of a guitar or the like as an
electronic waveform signal, and controls a digital or analog musical sound
producing circuit in accordance with the input waveform signal to
synthesize a musical sound and produce a sound. On the other hand, the
input waveform signal may be formed by electrically detecting an acoustic
signal produced by a human voice or an acoustic musical instrument.
The following articles disclose these technologies.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,117,757 (issued on Oct. 3, 1978), inventor: Akamatsu.
This article discloses an electronic circuit which produces a waveform
signal whose logical value sequentially reverses between "1" and "0" at
positive and negative peak points of the input waveform signal. The
waveform signal becomes a rectangular wave signal and its frequency
corresponds to the pitch of the input waveform signal.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,606,255 (issued on Aug. 19, 1986), inventor: Hayashi et al.
This article discloses a guitar synthesizer. The apparatus extracts a pitch
from every string and thereby provides a corresponding voltage signal and
produces a musical signal based on the voltage signal.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,633,748 (issued on Jan. 6, 1987), inventor: Takashima et
al.
This article discloses a technology for extracting a pitch through a
digital process after converting an acoustic signal input from a
microphone into a digital signal.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,688,464 (issued on Aug. 25, 1987), inventor: Gibson et al.
This article discloses a technology for extracting a pitch in accordance
with a time interval which is obtained by the input waveform signal
crossing three threshold levels comprising a high threshold level, a
middle threshold level and/or a low threshold level.
Japanese Patent Publication No 57-37074 (published on Aug. 7, 1982),
applicant: Roland Kabushiki Kaisha.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-58672 (published on Dec. 10, 1982),
applicant Roland Kabushiki Kaisha.
These two articles correspond to the above U.S. Pat. No. 4,117,757 and both
disclose a technology for producing a rectangular wave with a frequency
corresponding to a pitch of the input waveform signal.
Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 55-55398 (disclosed on Apr. 23,
1980) applicant: Toshiba Corp.
This article, as in the above U.S. Pat. No. 4,117,757, discloses a
technology for producing a rectangular wave with a frequency corresponding
to a pitch of the input waveform signal.
Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 55-87196 (disclosed on July 1,
1980), applicant: Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha.
This article discloses a technology for producing a basic wave pulse with a
period corresponding to a pitch in accordance with the output of the
guitar pick-up, and providing frequency information by counting with an
interval counter, and converting the frequency information into digital
frequency information.
Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 55-159495 (disclosed on Dec. 11,
1980), applicant: Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha.
This article disclosed the art which outputs a coincidence signal when
adjoining periods extracted from an input waveform signal are almost
coincident, thereby resulting in no change in extracted pitch, and
indicates a start of sound production in accordance with the coincidence
signal.
Japanese Utility Model Disclosure (Kokai) No. 55-152597 (disclosed on Nov.
4, 1980) applicant: Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha.
This article discloses a technology for extracting an oscillation of a
string using an optical pick-up, causing an oscillation of a string by
using a pick-up signal to provide a maintaining effect of an oscillation.
Japanese Utility Model Disclosure (Kokai) No. 55-162132 (disclosed on Nov.
20, 1980), applicant; Keio Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha.
This article discloses a technology for detecting zero cross points
following positive and negative peak points of the input waveform signal
to produce a frequency signal corresponding to a pitch with a flip-flop,
which is set or reset every time the zero cross point occurs.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-51793 (published on Nov. 10, 1982),
applicant: Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha.
This article is a patent publication corresponding to the Japanese Patent
Disclosure (Kokai) No. 55-87196 and the subject matter thereof is the same
as the content of the Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 55-159495.
Namely, the present article discloses a technology for producing digital
frequency information by detecting substantial concidence of adjacent
periods extracted from the input waveform signal.
Japanese Utility Model Disclosure (Kokai) No. 62-20871 (published on May.
27, 1987), applicant: Fuji Roland Kabushiki Kaisha.
This is the Japanese Utility Model Publication corresponding to the above
U.S. Pat. No. 4,606,255.
Japanese Utility Model Disclosure (Kokai) No. 61-26090 (disclosed on Feb.
5, 1986), applicant: Seikou Denshi Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha.
This article discloses a technology for obtaining exact pitch information
by detecting a pitch from the input waveform signal and sequentially
writing it into a memory and thereafter obtaining accurate pitch data
through an arithmetic operation.
Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 62-163099 (disclosed on July 18,
1987), applicant: Fuji GenGakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha.
This article discloses a technology relating to a guitar controller for use
in a synthesizer. This is a technology for switching a method of changing
a frequency, depending on whether the sound to be performed is a single
sound or plural sounds. For a single sound, a picked-up oscillation period
is caused to be reflected onto a musical sound to be continuously produced
as it is, and for plural sounds the picked-up frequency period is caused
to be reflected chromatically onto a musical sound in chromatic scale
steps.
Further, the U.S. patent applications which are assigned to the present
assignee and relate to an electronic string musical instrument or a
related electronical apparatus are as follows.
U.S. Ser. No. 112,780 (filed on Oct. 22, 1987), inventor Uchiyama et al.
This article discloses a technology for measuring a time period between
positive and negative peak points, or a time period between zero cross
points related to the peak points, and extracting the peak based on the
measured time period, and performing various controls in accordance with
the extracted peak.
U.S. Ser. No. 184,099 (filed on Apr. 20, 1988), inventor: Iba et al.
This article discloses a technology for designating a parameter of a
musical sound such as a timbre by operating a fret and picking a string.
This technology extracts a pitch and detects the operated fret by a fret
switch.
U.S. Ser. No. 256,398 (filed on Oct. 7, 1988), inventor: Iba et al.
This article discloses a technology for controlling a musical sound
production with regard to respective strings, varying a characteristic of
the output musical sound according to the strength at which a string is
picked, or actuating an effector or pan (localization in sound filed).
U.S. Ser. No. 252,914 (filed on Oct. 3, 1988), Inventor: Uchiyama.
This article discloses a technology for changing a pitch extraction circuit
from a conventional analog circuit to a digital circuit, to facilitate
integration of the circuit.
U.S. Ser. No. 256,400 (filed on Oct. 11, 1988), Inventor: Matsumoto.
This article relates to an electronic apparatus for extracting a pitch from
an input waveform signal and for producing a musical sound having that
pitch, and discloses a technology for changing a pitch of an output sound
in accordance of a variation of the pitch of the input waveform signal and
for deleting an unnecessary variation of an interval.
U.S. Ser. No. 282,510 (filed on Dec. 9, 1988), Inventor: Obata.
This article discloses a technology for starting a musical sound production
whose interval is accurate and stable and for instructing start of a
musical sound production in a chromatic manner, based on a pitch extracted
from a pitch extraction means.
U.S. Ser. No. 290,981 (filed on Dec 28, 1988), Inventor: Murata et al.
This article discloses a technology for electronically performing a perfect
tuning of a string. Namely, it discloses a technology for determining a
reference pitch by pressing a string onto a predetermined fret and picking
the string before a performance and, based on a reference pitch,
determining the pitch of the produced musical sound from period
information obtained by the picking at the designated fret.
U.S. Ser. No. 329,418 (filed on Mar. 27, 1989), Inventor: Obata.
This article discloses a technology for detecting a signal strength at a
point of a rising of an input waveform signal and a degree of variation of
the signal strength and for enabling a volume of a musical sound or timbre
to be controlled independently by those two parameters. This technology
makes it possible to vary only the timbre without changing the volume of
the musical sound, for example, by shifting the position at which the
string of an electronic string musical instrument is picked.
Where an electronic musical instrument is realized by using the above
recited prior art, a pitch frequency is extracted from an input waveform
signal and a musical sound production circuit produces a musical sound
having pitch corresponding to the pitch frequency. However, if such a
musical instrument can be realized as, for example, an electronic guitar,
the following problems are observed.
Where a performer intentionally changes the pitch frequency of an input
waveform signal by a choking method or by a tremolo arm operation, the
performer can change the pitch of the produced musical sound in accordance
with a variation in pitch, but cannot change the timbre or volume of the
musical instrument. Therefore, there is a problem that a variety of
musical expression cannot be achieved.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is provided based on the above background and is
aimed at realizing a richer expression of a performance by controlling the
characteristics of timbre, volume and pitch of the musical sound from a
variation in pitch frequency.
Another object of the present invention is to quickly respond to a rapid
change in pitch frequency performed by the performer and to control a
rapid change in respective parameters of the musical sound.
A further object of the present invention is to obtain a change in musical
sound desired by a performer using any performing method where the musical
sound can be controlled in accordance with a variation in pitch.
A still further object of the present invention is to realize more natural
and richer expression by adding an amplitude of a velocity of an input
waveform signal to a control of the musical sound corresponding to a
change in pitch.
The present invention provides a control apparatus for use in a musical
sound production apparatus for controlling characteristics of a musical
sound to be produced by a musical sound production apparatus based on an
input waveform signal, comprising:
a pitch extraction means for extracting pitch data from an input wave form
signal,
a pitch variation detecting means coupled to said pitch extraction means
for detecting a variation of said pitch data to obtain pitch variation
data; and
a control means coupled to said pitch variation detecting means for
variably controlling characteristics of the musical sound to be produced
by the musical sound production apparatus based on the pitch variation
data.
Specifically, the present invention provides a control apparatus for a
musical sound production apparatus for controlling a characteristic of a
musical sound from the musical sound production apparatus which is
realized, for example, as an electronic guitar.
The electronic guitar, taken as an example, detects a string oscillation
waveform signal, produced by a picking of a string by a performer, from a
pick-up means, for example, as an input waveform signal.
The pitch extraction means is realized by a converting circuit for
converting an input waveform signal detected, for example, as an
electrical signal, into a digital waveform signal, and by frequency
extracting means for extracting pitch frequency in accordance with a
period of an input waveform signal from an interval between effective zero
crossing points by detecting and determining a zero crossing time of the
digital waveform signal and forming the pitch frequency as pitch data, and
by a memory unit in which the pitch data is temporarily stored.
Pitch variation data detected by the pitch variation detecting means is
frequency variation obtained by subtracting previously extracted pitch
frequency data from the currently extracted pitch frequency data from
among the pitch frequency data sequentially extracted, for example, from
the pitch extraction means.
Another example of the pitch variation data is frequency difference data
obtained by subtracting pitch frequency data extracted at a predetermined
timing, from pitch frequency data extracted at the most recent timing by
the pitch extraction means. In this case, the pitch frequency data at the
predetermined timing is, for example, pitch frequency data extracted from
the pitch extracting means upon a start of input of the input waveform
signal, for example, or pitch frequency data extracted from the pitch
extracting means a predetermined period from the start of input of the
input waveform signal. A another example is pitch frequency data extracted
after a predetermined number of pitch data are extracted after a start of
input of the input waveform signal by the pitch extracting means.
On the other hand, the control means comprises, for example, a circuit for
converting the pitch variation data to musical sound control parameters to
be applied to the musical sound production apparatus.
According to the above construction of the present invention, an electronic
guitar, when a performer intentionally changes the strength of the signal
from an oscillating string by a choking method or by a tremolo arm
operation, the value of the pitch variation data changes accordingly.
Therefore, based on the pitch variation data, the control means can control
a characteristic of the musical sound produced by the musical sound
production apparatus, such as a timbre, sound volume or pitch, thereby
enriching the expression of the musical sound. In particular, an
electronic guitar can change the pitch variation data by changing not only
the strength of an operation but also the speed of an operation, by
choking or a tremolo arm operation, resulting in a further richer
expression.
Next, the present invention also provides means for generating a periodic
signal and means for controlling a characteristic of the musical sound
produced by the musical sound production apparatus by the control signal
produced based on pitch variation data and the periodic signal.
In addition, the control means may be constructed such that the above
variable control operation can be conducted at the same time as the pitch
data is extracted from the pitch extraction means or at the same time as
the periodic signal is produced from the periodic signal production means.
As a concrete example of the above construction, the periodic signal
production means can be realized by a low frequency oscillation means
(LFO) for producing a low frequency signal such as a sine wave, triangular
wave, saw-tooth wave or a rectangular wave.
The control means, for example, converts pitch variation data using a
predetermined conversion function and adds the converted value to the
periodic signal. The control means further provides, for example, a
tremolo effect or a vibrato effect to a musical sound produced by the
musical sound production apparatus by using above added value.
According to the above construction of the present invention, an effect of
a pitch variation amount is added to the effect applied to the musical
sound by the periodic production means, thereby achieving a richer
expression.
Further, the control means performs a variable control of the musical sound
not only at the same time as a periodic signal is produced but also at the
same time as the pitch extraction means produces a new pitch data, when
pitch variation data detected from the pitch variation detecting means
continuously changes. Therefore, even if the performer changes, for
example, a pitch of the musical sound at a quick passage by using a
choking method, the control means can follow the variation quickly.
A further mode of the present invention, comprises
a pitch variation data correcting means for correcting pitch variation data
obtained by the abovementioned pitch variation detection means, and
control means coupled to the pitch variation data correcting means for
variably controlling the characteristics of the musical sound to be
produced by the musical sound production apparatus based on the pitch
variation data corrected by the correcting means.
In this case the pitch variation data correcting means corrects the pitch
variation data to represent a predetermined variation width (for example,
zero) or to have the same value as that of the pitch variation data
detected by the pitch variation detecting means at the previous timing
when the width of the pitch variation based on the pitch variation data is
greater than the predetermined value. The pitch variation data correcting
means may correct the pitch variation data in accordance with the
magnitude of the pitch based on the pitch data.
According to the above construction of the present invention, for an
electronic guitar, even when the performer quickly changes the pitch of a
string by a performance method such as glissando or trill, the pitch
variation amount data is corrected such that it does not exceed the
allowable value, thereby enabling smooth control of the musical sound and
providing the desired variation.
The last conceived mode of the present invention, in addition to the above
construction, further comprises
a velocity extracting means for extracting velocity data from the input
waveform signal and
a control means coupled to the pitch variation detecting means and to said
velocity extracting means for variably controlling a characteristic of the
musical sound to be produced by the musical sound production apparatus
based on the pitch variation data and the velocity data.
The above control means can be realized by a construction in which the
pitch variation data is converted by a predetermined conversion function,
the converted value is multiplied a value determined by the velocity data,
the multiplied value is added to the periodic signal and the
characteristic of a sound produced from the musical sound production
apparatus is controlled by the added value. Thus, the velocity data can be
converted by a different predetermined conversion function.
According to the above construction of the present invention, for an
electronic guitar, the characteristics of the musical sound produced by
the musical sound production apparatus, such as timbre, volume, or pitch,
can be delicately changed not only by a tremolo operation but also by an
amplitude, namely, velocity data produced when the string is picked, thus
enabling more natural and richer musical expression to be produced.
The present invention can be naturally applied to a musical instrument
other than an electronic guitar, providing the electronical musical
instrument is of a type in which performance and operation can be detected
as an input waveform signal.
A Brief Description of the Drawings
The other object and features of the present invention will be easily
understood by a person skilled in the art by referring to the preferred
embodiments accompanied by the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a view of the construction of an electronic guitar relating to
all the embodiments,
FIG. 2 is a general flow chart applied to all the embodiments,
FIG. 3 is an operational flow chart of an interruption processing routine
applied to all the embodiments,
FIG. 4 is an operational flow chart for explaining a note-on processing
routine applied to the first embodiment,
FIG. 5 is an operational flow chart for explaining a timer interrupt
routine applied to the first embodiment,
FIGS. 6(a) to 6(e) are views for explaining an operation of a timer
interrupt routine of the first embodiment,
FIG. 7 is an operational flow chart for explaining a timer interrupt
routine of the second embodiment,
FIGS. 8(a) to 8(e) are operational views for explaining a timer interrupt
routine of the second embodiment,
FIG. 9 shows an operational flow-chart for explaining a note-on processing
routine applied to the third to sixth embodiments,
FIG. 10 depicts an operational flow chart for explaining a pitch variation
processing routine of the third embodiment,
FIG. 11 represents an operational flow chart for explaining a timer
interrupt routine applied to the third to eighth embodiments,
FIGS. 12(a) to 12(e) are views for explaining the musical sound control
data production process applied to the third and seventh embodiments,
FIG. 13 is an operational flow chart of a pitch variation processing
routine applied to the fourth embodiment,
FIGS. 14(a) to 14(e) are views for explaining a musical sound control data
production process applied to the fourth and eighth embodiments,
FIG. 15 depicts an operational flow chart for explaining a pitch variation
processing routine of the fifth embodiment,
FIGS. 16(a) to 16(e) are views for explaining a musical sound control data
production process of the fifth embodiment,
FIG. 17 is an operational flow chart for explaining a pitch variation
processing routine of the sixth embodiment,
FIGS. 18(a) to 18(e) are views for explaining a musical sound control data
production process of the sixth embodiment,
FIG. 19 is an operational flow chart for explaining a note-on variation of
the seventh and eighth embodiments,
FIG. 20 shows an operational flow chart for explaining a pitch variation
processing routine, according to the seventh embodiment.
FIG. 21 depicts an operational flow chart for explaining a pitch variation
processing routine according to the eighth embodiment.
Description of the Preferred Embodiments
Embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail
hereinafter by referring to the drawings.
The present invention is applied to an electronic guitar having, for
example, six metal-strings extended on a body, which a performer plays by
selecting a desired string by pressing it onto a fret (a finger plate)
provided under the metal strings, and picking the string. However, it is a
matter of course that the present invention can be applied to electronic
musical instruments of other types, for detecting a pitch frequency from
input waveform signals caused by acoustic oscillation other than string
oscillation.
FIG. 1 is a construction view relating to all the embodiments.
Conversion portion 1 comprises hexa pickups. These are mounted on all of
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