Toluene sulfonate salts of 2-alkyl imidazolines, e.g., 2-undecyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl imidazoline, are described. These compounds may be used as internal or external antistatic agents for fibers, e.g., acrylic fibers, and synthetic polymers, e.g., polystyrene.
The invention has disclosed a trifluoroacetoxylation agent and a preparation process of the agent, which is safe and ease to handle, very useful in industry, and represented by the formula (1); ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are a substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group and can be the same or different, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 can bond to form a ring containing a nitrogen atom or a nitrogen atom and other hetero atoms, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 can bond to form a ring containing a nitrogen atom or a nitrogen atom and other hetero atoms.
Antistatically modified fixturing cements useful in the polishing of silicon wafers are disclosed. The fixturing adhesives disclosed generally comprise: (a) a solvent carrier having a boiling point no greater than 200.degree. F. under a vacuum of 25 inches of mercury; (b) a fixturing adhesive soluble in the solvent carrier; and, (c) an antistatic agent.
Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## are provided, in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which is optionally interrupted by from 1 to 3 heteroatom moieties, such as --O--, --S--, --NH-- and --NR--. The symbol X represents --CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --S--, --NH-- or --NR--. The R group for each of the --NR-- moieties represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Finally, the subscript n represents the integer 1 or 2, and A.sup.- represents an anion, preferably chloride or citrate.
Methods for introducing nucleic acids into mammalian cells are provided which use imidazolium lipids. The imidazolium lipids have the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, uninterrupted or interrupted by from 1 to 3 heteroatom moieties selected from --O--, --S--, --NH-- and --NR--; X represents --CH.sub.2 --, --O--, --S--, --NH-- or --NR--; wherein R is a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 1 to 2; and A.sup.- is an anion.
Antistatic agents for reducing and eliminating static electric charges on resins, particularly acrylic resins, including an antistatically effective amount of at least one substituted imidazolinium salt of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are alkyl groups having 6 or more carbon atoms. Also contemplated are methods, compositions and articles of manufacture which include the above mentioned antistatic agent and are added to or on the resins and further contain fatty acids or optical brighteners.
