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| United States Patent | 5095054 |
| Link to this page | http://www.wikipatents.com/5095054.html |
| Inventor(s) | Lay; Gustav (Bad Bellingen, DE);
Rehm; Johannes (Bad Krozingen, DE);
Stepto; Robert F. (Cheshire, GB);
Thoma; Markus (Reihen, CH);
Sachetto; Jean-Pierre (Arlesheim, CH);
Lentz; David J. (Randolph, NJ);
Silbiger; Jakob (Basel, CH) |
| Abstract | A thermoplastic polymer composition comprising:
(a) a destructurized starch, and either
(b) an effective amount of at least one compound selected from the
following: (1) a polymer which contains at least two different types of
functional groups, one of said types of these groups being hydroxyl
groups; (2) at least one polymer which does not contain hydroxyl groups
and is selected from the group consisting of polymers which contain at
least two types of functional groups bound to the same molecule one type
of these groups being carboxylate groups; (3) at least one polymer
selected from the group consisting of polymers which contain tertiary
amino groups and/or salts thereof and/or quaternary ammonium groups; (4)
at least one polymer selected from the group of polysaccharides which have
been chemically modified to contain added hydroxyalkyl groups and/or
contain alkyl ether groups, and/or contain ester groups; (5) at least one
compound selected from the group consisting of copolymers of vinyl
pyrrolidone; (6) at least one compound selected from the group consisting
of cationically modified polysaccharides; (7) at least one compound
selected from the group consisting of anionically modified
polysaccharides; (8) at least one polymer selected from the group of
copolymers containing vinyl alcohol units together with aliphatic chain
units as are obtained by copolymerization of vinyl esters, preferably
vinyl acetate, with unsaturated monomers containing no functional group
with subsequent hydrolysis of the vinyl ester group; (9) at least one
compound selected from the group consisting of polysaccharide graft
copolymers and graft copolymers of polysaccharide derivatives; (10) at
least one compound selected from the group consisting of polyalkyleneimine
polymers and polyalkyleneimine copolymers; (11) at least one compound
selected from the group consisting of styrene sulfonic acid polymers,
styrene sulfonic acid copolymers, and salts thereof; and (12) at least one
compound selected from the group consisting of polymers and copolymers
which contain carboxylic groups which partially or wholly are present in
the form of their salts and wherein said polymers or copolymers do not
contain further functional groups; or
(c) At least one substantially water-insoluble thermoplastic polymer.
combinations of (a), (b) and (c) are also disclosed. |
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Title Information  |
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| Publication Date |
March 10, 1992 |
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| Filing Date |
June 18, 1990 |
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| Parent Case |
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of each of the following
applications, now abandoned: (1) Ser. No. 431,715 filed Oct. 2, 1989,
which in turn is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 368,486 filed June 19,
1989; (2) Ser. No. 430,764 filed Oct. 2, 1989, which in turn is a
continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 369,978 filed June 22, 1989; (3) Ser. No.
431,672 filed Oct. 2, 1989, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of
Ser. No. 369,983 filed June 22, 1989; (4) Ser. No. 449,313 filed Dec. 8,
1989, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 407,643 filed
July 18, 1989; (5) Ser. No. 447,741 filed Dec. 8, 1989, which in turn is a
continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 376,057 filed July 6, 1989; (6) Ser. No.
440,955 filed Dec. 22, 1989, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of
Ser. No. 378,120 filed July 11, 1989; (7) Ser. No. 447,979 filed Dec. 8,
1989, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 377,981 filed
July 11, 1989; (8) Ser. No. 449,095 filed Dec. 8, 1989, which in turn is a
continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 378,536 filed July 11, 1989; (9) Ser. No.
447,747 filed Dec. 8, 1989, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of
Ser. No. 381,620 filed July 18, 1989; (10) Ser. No. 449,314 filed Dec. 8,
1989, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 407,644 filed
July 18, 1989; (11) Ser. No. 443,791 filed Oct. 22, 1989, which in turn is
a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 382,870 filed July 20, 1989; (12) Ser.
No. 447,730 filed Dec. 8, 1989, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of
Ser. No. 382,869 filed July 20, 1989; and Ser. No. 298,603 filed Jan. 18,
1989 which is based on United Kingdom Application No. 8802313, filed Feb.
3, 1988. All of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference
herein. |
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| Priority Data |
Feb 03, 1988[GB]8802313 |
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Title Information |
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Public's "Guesstimation" of Royalty Value
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Claims |
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We claim:
1. A composition of matter capable of being formed into articles having
substantial dimensional stability comprising:
(a) destructurized starch; and
(b) at least one substantially water-insoluble thermoplastic polymer.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polymer is
selected from the group consisting of polyolefines, vinylpolymers,
polyacetals (POM), polycondensates, thermoplastic polyesters,
polycarbonates, poly(alkylene therephthalates), polyarylethers,
thermoplastic polymides, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), high molecular weight
essentially water-insoluble polyalkylene oxides and copolymers and
mixtures thereof.
3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the thermoplastic polymer is
selected from the group consisting of polyethylene (PE), polyisobutylenes,
polypropylenes, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly (vinyl acetates),
polyvinylalcohols, polystyrenes, polyacrylonitriles (PAN),
polyvinylcarbazols (PVK), polyamides (PA), essentially water-insoluble
poly (acrylic acid esters) and essentially water-insoluble poly
(methacrylic acid esters) and their copolymers and mixtures thereof.
4. The composition of claim 2, wherein the thermoplastic polymer is
selected from the group consisting of ethylene/vinyl acetate-copolymers
(EVA), ethylene/vinyl alcohol-copolymers (EVAL), ethylene/acrylic
acid-copolymers (EAA), ethylene/ethyl acrylate-copolymers (EEA),
ethylene/methyl acrylate-copolymers (EMA), ABS-copolymers,
styrene/acrylonitrile-copolymers (SAN), polyacetals and mixtures thereof.
5. The composition of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein the ratio of
destructurized starch to synthetic polymer is 0.1:99.9 to 99.9:0.1, and
wherein the starch is present in an amount of at least 50% by weight of
the entire composition.
6. The composition of claims 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the ratio of the
synthetic polymer to the starch/water component is about 0.5-5% to about
99.5-95% by weight.
7. The composition of claim 5 wherein said starch is selected from the
group consisting of chemically essentially non-modified starch being
carbohydrates of natural, vegetable origin composed mainly of amylose,
amylopectin and mixtures thereof, physically modified starch, starch with
a modified acid value (pH), starch in which the divalent ions bridging the
phosphate groups have been eliminated and the eliminated ions have been
replaced partially or wholly by the same or different mono- or polyvalent
ions, pre-extruded starches, chemically modified starches, biologically
modified starches and mixtures thereof.
8. The composition of claim 7 wherein said composition is heated in a
closed volume for a time sufficient to effect destructurization and at a
temperature within the range of about 105.degree. C. to about 190.degree.
C.
9. The composition of claim 8, wherein pressure is applied in the range of
from about zero to about 150.times.10.sup.5 N/m.sup.2.
10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the starch has a water content in
the range of about 10 to about 20% by weight of the starch/water
component.
11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the starch/ synthetic polymer
mixture contains a material selected from the group consisting of
extenders, fillers, lubricants, plasticizers, coloring agents and mixtures
thereof.
12. The composition of claim 11, characterized in that there is added at
least one extended within the range of up to about 50% based on the weight
of all components.
13. The composition of claim 12, characterized in that there is added at
least one inorganic filler in a concentration of about 0.02 to about 3%.
14. The composition of claim 11, wherein there is added a plasticizer
within the range of about 0.5 to about 15%.
15. The composition of claim 14, wherein a coloring agent is added in a
concentration of about 0.001 to about 10%.
16. The composition of claim 14, wherein the sum of the plasticizer and
water content does not exceed 25%.
17. The composition of claims 1 or 16, further comprising at least one
active ingredient selected from the group consisting of pharmaceuticals,
agriculturally active compounds and combinations and mixtures thereof.
18. The composition of claim 1 in the form of a melt blend.
19. The composition of claim 1 cooled to obtain a solid.
20. A thermoplastic destructurized starch product having substantial
dimensional stability formed by the process comprising:
1) providing a mixture of destructurized starch and at least one
substantially water-insoluble thermoplastic polymer;
2) heating said mixture in a closed volume under sufficient temperature and
pressure for a time long enough to effect destructurization of said starch
and form a substantially homogenous melt;
3) shaping said melt into an article; and
4) allowing said shaped article to cool to a substantially dimensionally
stable thermoplastic product.
21. The product of claim 20, wherein the substantially water-insoluble
thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of
polyolefines, vinylpolymers, polyacetals (POM), polycondensates,
thermoplastic polyesters, polycarbonates, poly (alkylene therephthalates),
polyarylethers, thermoplastic polyamides, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), high
molecular weight essentially water-insoluble polyalkylene oxides and
copolymers and mixtures thereof.
22. The product of claim 21, wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected
from the group consisting of polyethylene (PE), polyisobutylenes,
polypropylenes, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly (vinyl acetates),
polyvinylalcohols, polystyrenes, polyacrylonitriles (PAN),
polyvinylcarbazols (PVK), polyamides (PA), essentially water-insoluble
poly (acrylic acid esters) and essentially water-insoluble poly
(methacrylic acid esters) and copolymers and mixtures thereof.
23. The product of claim 21, wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected
from the group consisting of ethylene/vinyl acetate-copolymers (EVA),
ethylene/vinyl alcohol-copolymers (EVAL), ethylene/acrylic acid-copolymers
(EAA), ethylene/ethyl acrylate-copolymers (EEA), ethylene/methyl
acrylate-copolymers (EMA), ABS-copolymers,
styrene/acrylonitrile-copolymers (SAN), polyacetals and mixtures thereof.
24. The product of claim 20 wherein there is added a plasticizer in the
range of about 0.5 to about | | |
