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Description  |
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FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to cleansing compositions and is
particularly related to cleansing compositions for diverse applications
such as ink and glaze removal from print rollers and blanket cylinders,
removal of undesirable surface markings from hard surfaces such as floor
tiles, terrazzo, bricks, ceramics and the like. More particularly, the
present invention relates to such cleansing compositions which contain
pine oil, tall oil (potassium salt) and certain non-ionic surfactant.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In printing press operations, whether in offset printing or letter press
printing, the various blanket rollers and cylinders of the press are
covered with excess ink and lint at the conclusion of the printing
operation. This excess ink must be removed and the rollers and cylinders
cleaned in order to prepare the press for further printing.
Conventionally, naphtha or similar cleaning fluids have been used to clean
the rollers. However, such cleaning fluids have not been entirely
satisfactory because of the large quantities of naphtha required to clean
the rollers. Besides, these fluids are pollutants and present serious
health hazards, particularly since they must be used in relatively large
amounts. Moreover, these fluids are ineffective for the removal of glaze
and lint with which the rollers are coated as a result of the printing
operations thus requiring a separate glaze removing fluid for complete and
effective cleaning of the press and its rollers.
Cleansing compositions have also been employed for the removal of
undesirable stains and markings from various surfaces such as floor tiles,
walls, sinks, outer surfaces of machineries, including printing presses,
terrazzo, bricks, ceramics and the surfaces of a host of other similar
products. Frequently, it is desired or necessary to restore the original
finish or appearance of such surfaces and the cleansing composition must
be effective for such restoration purposes. One cleansing composition for
the removal of stains and undesirable markings from hard surfaces is
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,915,880. The compositions disclosed in said
patent comprises pine oil, ammonia and a bleaching agent, the balance
being primarily water.
An ink removing composition is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,145,226 which
comprises a glycol ether, isopropyl acetate and a hydrocarbon-soluble
liquid surfactant. The compositions disclosed in this patent is used for
ink removal from natural and synthetic fabrics.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,667,597 discloses a printing press blanket cleaner which
removes ink, dust or lint from blanket cylinders of an off set printing
press. The cleaner described in this patent is a mechanical cleaner
involving the use of a fluid cylinder which periodically urges a brush
against the blanket cylinder and retracts the brush from the cylinder to
effect the removal of ink, dust or lint from the blanket cylinders. So far
as it is known, there is no cleansing composition which can be effectively
used for both ink and glaze removal from blanket cylinders and rollers in
a printing press operation. Moreover, naphtha and other hydrocarbon fluids
used for ink removal present potential danger to their volatility inherent
flammability and adverse environmental impact.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a cleansing
composition for use in the removal of ink and glaze from the blanket
rollers of a printing press.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a cleansing composition
which is useful for the removal of undesirable stains and surface markings
from various surfaces, including hard surfaces such as floor tiles,
terrazzo, bricks, ceramics, sinks and the like.
It is still another object of this invention to provide such cleansing
compositions which are even effective by a simple one step application.
The foregoing and other objects and features of this invention will be
further described in the ensuing detailed description.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with this invention a cleansing composition comprises pine
oil and a non-ionic surfactant, and may further include tall oil (as the
potassium salt thereof). This composition is particularly useful as ink
and glaze removal from blanket rollers and cylinders of an offset printing
press. Other compositions useful for various purposes including the
removal of undesirable surface markings, or floor and tile wax polish
comprises tall oil (as the potassium salt thereof), pine oil, isopropanol
and a non-ionic surfactant. These compositions may further include a
brightener and a fragrance.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In one embodiment of the present invention which is particularly useful for
cleaning and removing ink and glaze from blanket rollers of a printing
press, the cleansing composition comprises pine oil and a non-ionic
surfactant, and may further include tall oil (as potassium salt).
Pine oil is commercially available from wood and consists primarily of
.alpha.-terpineol (a particular terpene alcohol), other terpene alcohols
and dipentene, and may also contain minor amounts of inert ingredients. It
has been found that variations in the amounts of terpene alcohol and
dipentene effects the cleansing efficiency of the composition. Thus, it
has been found that particularly effective cleansing compositions are
those in which the pine oil has a terpene alcohol to dipentene ratio of at
least about 7, preferably from about 8 to about 50.
Various commercial grades of pine oil are available from Union Camp
Corporation, Jacksonville, Florida. These are sold under the trade name
UNIPINE and include UNIPINE-80, UNIPINE-85 and UNIPINE-90. In addition to
these, pine oils include TERPINEOL-900. All of these are known by their
chemical name p-MENTH-1-EN-8-OL. They all basically contain the same
ingredients, differing only in the relative amounts of the ingredients,
i.e., terpene alcohol and dipentene.
It has also been found that TERPINEOL-900 and UNIPINE-90 are particularly
effective in formulations used for cleaning printing chemicals, while
UNIPINE-80 and UNIPINE-85 are useful for removing floor polish and surface
markings.
In general, the cleaning compositions broadly useful in the practice of the
present invention comprise from about 5 to about 90 weight percent terpene
alcohol, from about 3 to about 18 weight percent of non-ionic surfactant,
from about 0 to about 25 weight percent isopropanol, from about 0 to about
25 weight percent tall oil, the balance being water as is needed.
A preferred cleansing composition useful in the embodiment of the invention
as roller and blanket cleaner comprises from about 5-90 weight percent
terpene alcohol, from about 3 to about 18 weight percent a non-ionic
surfactant to be hereinafter described and, optionally, the balance being
water. Terpineol 900 is a particularly preferred pine oil since it is more
effective and is practically odorless. It contains approximately 91.5
weight percent .alpha.-terpineol, 6.0 weight percent terpene alcohol and
2.5 weight percent dipentene.
The cleansing composition used as a surface cleaner contains a small amount
of tall oil in the form of its potassium salt. Thus, between about 1 to
about 25 weight percent of tall oil may be added to the cleansing
composition in order to enhance its emulsifying and cleansing actions.
Also, if desired, all or part of the terpineol may be replaced with other
grades of pine oil such as UNIPINE-80, UNIPINE-85 and/or UNIPINE-90.
The non-ionic surfactant which is particularly well suited for the
cleansing compositions of this invention is polyoxyethylene 4 lauryl
ether, known by its CTFA (Cosmetic Toiletry and Fragrance Association)
name Laureth-4. This non-ionic surfactant is available from ICI America,
Inc., Wilmington, Del., and is sold under the trade name BRIJ-30. Other
non-ionic surfactants may be employed for this purpose. These surfactants
are described in copending, commonly assigned application Ser. No. 432,386
filed Nov. 3, 1989, the disclosure of which is fully incorporated herein
by reference.
In another aspect of this invention relating to cleansing compositions
useful as floor brightener and surface cleaner and multi-surface cleaner
(ink remover), the composition may comprise tall oil (as potassium salt)
containing from about 4 to about 45 weight percent rosin, isopropanol,
pine oil and said non-ionic surfactant. The composition may optionally
contain a brightener.
The amount of tall oil may vary from about 1 to about 25 weight percent,
preferably from about 6 to about 15 weight percent of the composition.
Isopropanol may be used in an amount varying between about and about 0 to
about 10 weight percent, preferably between about 4 and about 6 weight
percent.
Such compositions also contain from about 3 to about 6 weight percent of
non-ionic surfactant is used selected from the group consisting of
polyoxyethylene lauryl ethers, from about 4 to about 6 weight percent
isopropanol, from about 6 to about 15 weight percent tall oil, the balance
being water. As in the case of the cleansing compositions used for blanket
rollers, other non-ionic surfactants may be used as hereinbefore
described.
In each composition, the pH of the mixture is adjusted by the addition of
phosphoric acid or other acids. For compositions useful as floor polish
and multi-surface cleansers the pH is optimally about 10.
Where a fragrance is added, the amount is generally small, usually of the
order of about 1 to 4 weight percent.
The following examples illustrate various formulations useful for different
applications in accordance with the present invention.
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Ingredients Wt. %
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Example 1
Printing Chemicals
Roller and Blanket Wash
A B C D
Pine Oil 900.sup.(1)
76.00 55.00 86.00
54.00
Water 15.00 36.00 10.00
41.00
Laureth-4.sup.(2)
8.00 8.00 3.00
4.00
Fragrance 1.00 1.00 1.00
1.00
(optional)
Example 2
Floor Brightener and Surface Marks Remover
Tall oil (as potassium salt).sup.(3)
7.35
Isopropanol 5.73
Laureth-4 3.28
Pine Oil.sup.(4) 8.59
Alcarat.sup.(5) (Brighteners)
0.10
Lemon Fragrance 0.35
Water 74.00
Phosphoric acid 0.60
Example 3
Multi-Surface Cleaner
Tall oil (a potassium salt)
7.35
Isopropanol 5.73
Laureth-4 3.28
Pine Oil 85 8.59
Fragrance 0.35
Water 74.70
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.sup.(1) Obtained from Union Camp Corporation, Jacksonville, Florida.
.sup.(2) Obtained from ICI America, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware
.sup.(3) contains 40% rosin
.sup.(4) Pine oil 85 was used but could use other grades such as Unipine9
or 900.
.sup.(5) Obtained from Sandoz
EXAMPLE 3
Multi-Surface Cleaner
In preparing the roller and blanket wash, or the floor polish, water, tall
oil (as potassium salt obtained by adding KOH to tall oil) and isopropanol
were mixed together in a laboratory blender at ambient conditions to
obtain a homogenous mixture. A separately prepared mixture of Laureth 4
and a brightener was then added to the mixture followed by pine oil, with
continued agitation. Thereafter, phosphoric acid was added to the
resulting formulation to obtain the desired pH of about 9.3.
The multi-surface cleaner is prepared much in the same way except that a
brightener is not included in the formulation.
While the present invention has been described with a certain degree of
particularity, it is understood that some changes in the compositions
involving substitution of equivalent ingredients may be made therein. Such
changes are obvious from the description herein and fall within the
contemplation of this invention.
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