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Claims  |
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We claim:
1. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within the image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary; and
characteristic quantity magnification/reduction means for carrying out a
modification of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said
image data, where said modification corresponds to at least one of
magnification and reduction operations of said image data to equalize the
scale of the character included within the image data with the scale of at
least one of the characters of which the characteristic quantities are
memorized in said dictionary, before said comparison,
said at least one of magnification and reduction operations of the image
data by said characteristic quantity magnification/reduction means
including the use of one or more parameters which correspond to the at
least one of magnification and reduction operations, said character
recognition apparatus further comprising:
optimum parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum parameter of a
modification by carrying out a modification of a characteristic quantity
which is extracted from a known image data, where said modification
corresponds to at least one of the magnification and reduction operations
of said known image data using each of a predetermined number of
parameters, and then comparing the modified characteristic quantity with
characteristic quantities which are memorized in the dictionary and which
correspond to said known image data,
said comparison by said character search means being carried out by
obtaining a plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity
between said characteristic quantity extracted from said image data and
respective characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary,
said determination of the character by said character search means being
carried out by obtaining a character among the characters in the
dictionary which has the highest similarity to the character included
within the image data based on said plurality of values, and
said character search means further determining a recognition reliability
based on the similarity of the determined character,
said character recognition apparatus further comprising:
low recognition reliability determining means for determining whether a
recognition reliability of a determined character is equal to or below a
first threshold value; and
optimum parameter determination starting means for obtaining an optimum
parameter by restarting said optimum parameter determining means when the
recognition reliability of the determined character is equal to or below
said first threshold value.
2. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within the image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary; and
characteristic quantity magnification/reduction means for carrying out a
modification of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said
image data, where said modification corresponds to at least one of
magnification and reduction operations of said image data to equalize the
scale of the character included within the image data with the scale of at
least one of the characters of which the characteristic quantities are
memorized in said dictionary, before said comparison,
said characteristic quantities each being expressed by a vector quantity
comprised of a plurality of components,
each of said plurality of values which quantitatively indicate degrees of
similarity being a function of absolute values of differences between
respective corresponding ones of the plurality of components of the vector
quantities of said characteristic quantity extracted from said image data
and the characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary, said
character recognition apparatus further comprising:
small difference determining means for determining whether each of said
absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones of
the plurality of components, is equal to or below a second threshold value
in said comparison; and
error accumulation preventing means for replacing each absolute value among
said absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones
of the plurality of components with zero before said operation of
obtaining said plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity,
when the absolute value is equal to or below said second threshold value,
the second threshold value being a value commonly used for the comparisons
with absolute values corresponding to all the vector components.
3. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within the image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary; and
characteristic quantity magnification/reduction means for carrying out a
modification of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said
image data, where said modification corresponds to at least one of
magnification and reduction operations of said image data to equalize the
scale of the character included within the image data with the scale of at
least one of the characters of which the characteristic quantities are
memorized in said dictionary, before said comparison,
said comparison in said character search means being carried out by
obtaining a plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity
between said characteristic quantity extracted from said image data and
respective characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary,
said determination of the character in said character search means being
carried out by obtaining a character among the characters in the
dictionary which has the highest similarity to the character included
within the image data based on said plurality of values,
said character search means further determining a recognition reliability
based on the similarity of the determined character,
said character recognition apparatus further comprising
erroneous recognition character determining means for determining whether
the determined recognition reliability is equal to or below a third
threshold value after the character is determined so that an inaccurate
recognition is detected; and
erroneous recognition character indicating means for indicating that said
character is determined based on the inaccurate recognition, when the
determined recognition reliability is equal to or below said third
threshold value.
4. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
image input means for inputting an image of a document comprised of a
plurality of character regions, as the image data;
character region recognizing means for recognizing one of the plurality of
character regions indicating an individual character included within said
image data;
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity included within the image data in said one of the plurality of
character regions;
character search means for determining the individual character included
within the image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which is
extracted from the image data with the characteristic quantities of
characters which are memorized in the dictionary;
text displaying means for displaying said determined characters on the
display apparatus in the order that the corresponding one of the plurality
of character regions is located in said image of the document;
characteristic quantity magnification/reduction means for carrying out a
modification of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said
image data, where said modification corresponds to at least one of
magnification and reduction operations of said image data to equalize the
scale of the individual character with the scale of at least one of the
characters of which the characteristic quantities are memorized in said
dictionary, before said comparison; and
text image coordinate-corresponding memorizing means for memorizing
coordinates for displaying the character on said display apparatus by said
text displaying means with a correspondence to the order that the
corresponding character regions are located in said image of the document.
5. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
successive character strings region recognizing means for recognizing a
successive character strings region including a plurality of successive
character strings which include a plurality of character regions, said
successive character strings region being included within the image data
and said plurality of character strings being printed at intervals in the
character strings region, and a continuous image region;
character string region recognizing means for recognizing each of the
plurality of successive character strings in said successive character
strings region;
character region recognizing means for recognizing each of the plurality of
character regions indicating an individual character, from said image
data;
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting characteristic
quantities of characters included within the image data in each of the
plurality of character regions; and
character search means for determining the characters included within the
image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which are extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary;
characteristic quantity modification means for carrying out a modification
of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said image data,
where said modification corresponds to at least one of magnification and
reduction operations of said image data to equalize the scale of the
character included within the image data with the scale of at least one of
the characters of which the characteristic quantities are memorized in
said dictionary before said comparison,
wherein said successive character strings region recognizing means
comprises:
X-direction /Y-direction space string region extracting means for
extracting a string region consisting of successive spaces (0 data)
extending over a predetermined width and over a predetermined length, in
each of the X and Y directions, to provide an X-direction space string
region and a Y-direction space string region;
intermediate image composing means for composing a logical multiplication
of an X-direction intermediate image and a Y-direction intermediate image
to provide an intermediate image, each X-direction intermediate image and
Y-direction intermediate image being included within the image data, where
all data in said X-direction space string region is "zero" and all other
data is "one" in said X-direction intermediate image, and all data in said
Y-direction space string region is "zero" and all other data is "one" in
said Y-direction intermediate image;
successive data "one" region recognizing means for recognizing a successive
data "one" region in the intermediate image which is obtained by said
composing operation, in a manner that a label is assigned to each of
successive linear regions in the intermediate image obtained by said
composing operation, where each of the plurality of successive character
string regions in each of the plurality of groups contains data "one"
only, extends over a predetermined width and over a predetermined length
in the X-direction or the Y-direction; and
character string region determining means for projecting said image data in
the direction of the character strings in a region of the image data
corresponding to said successive data "one" region, and for determining a
part of the image data corresponding to the projected image as the
character string region when the width of the projected image is equal to
or less than a predetermined width.
6. A character recognition apparatus according to claim 5,
wherein said at least one of magnification and reduction operations of the
image data by said characteristic quantity magnification/reduction means
includes the use of one or more parameters corresponding to the at least
one of magnification and reduction operations,
wherein said comparison by said character search means is carried out by
obtaining a plurality of values quantitatively indicating degrees of
similarity between the characteristic quantity which is extracted from
said image data, and the characteristic quantities which are memorized in
said dictionary,
wherein said determination of the character by said character search means
is carried out by obtaining a character among the characters in the
dictionary which has the highest similarity to the characters included
within the image data based on said plurality of values,
wherein a recognition reliability is determined for the character based on
the determined similarity,
wherein said characteristic quantities are each expressed by a vector
quantity comprised of a plurality of components,
wherein each of said plurality of values quantitatively indicating
similarities are each a function of absolute values of differences between
corresponding ones of the plurality of components of the vector quantities
of said characteristic quantity extracted from the image data an the
characteristic quantities memorized in the dictionary,
said character recognition apparatus further comprising:
optimum parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum parameter of a
modification by carrying out a modification of a characteristic quantity
which is extracted from a known image data, where said modification
corresponds to the at least one of magnification and reduction operations
of said known image data using each of a predetermined number of
parameters, and then comparing the modified characteristic quantity with a
characteristic quantity which is memorized in the dictionary and which
corresponds to said known image data;
optimum parameter determination starting means for obtaining an optimum
parameter by restarting said optimum parameter determining means when the
recognition reliability of the determined character is equal to or below a
first threshold value;
small difference determining means for determining whether each of said
absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones of
the plurality of components, is equal to or below a second threshold value
in said comparison; and
error accumulation preventing means for replacing each absolute value among
said absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones
of the plurality of components with zero before said operation of
obtaining said plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity,
when the absolute value is equal to or below said second threshold value.
7. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within the image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary;
character image modification means for carrying out a modification of said
image data in said character region, where said modification includes at
least one of thickening and thinning operations of the character included
within the image data, and where said modification includes the use of one
or more parameters;
characteristic quantity modification means, preceding in the next stage of
said characteristic quantity extracting means, for carrying out a
modification of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said
image data, where said modification corresponds to at least one of
magnification and reduction operations which includes the use of one or
more parameters;
optimum modification parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum
parameter of a modification by carrying out a modification of a
characteristic quantity which is extracted from a known image data using
each of a predetermined number of parameters, and then comparing the
modified characteristic quantity with a characteristic quantity which is
memorized in the dictionary and which corresponds to said known image
data,
said comparison by said character search means being carried out by
obtaining a plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity
between said characteristic quantity extracted from said image data and
respective characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary,
said determination of the character by said character search means being
carried out by obtaining a character among the characters in the
dictionary which has the highest similarity to the character included
within the image data based on said plurality of values,
said character search means further determining a recognition reliability
based on the similarity of the determined character,
said character recognition apparatus further comprising:
low recognition reliability determining means for determining whether a
recognition reliability of a determined character is equal to or below a
first threshold value; and
optimum parameter determination starting means for obtaining an optimum
parameter by restarting said optimum parameter determining means when the
recognition reliability of the determined character is equal to or below
said first threshold value.
8. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within the image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary;
character image modification means for carrying out a modification of said
image data in said character region, where said modification includes at
least one of thickening and thinning operations of the character included
within the image data, and where said modification includes the use of one
or more parameters;
characteristic quantity modification means, preceding in the next stage of
said characteristic quantity extracting means, for carrying out a
modification of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said
image data, where said modification corresponds to at least one of
magnification and reduction operations which includes the use of one or
more parameters;
optimum modification parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum
parameter of a modification by carrying out a modification of a
characteristic quantity which is extracted from a known image data using
each of a predetermined number of parameters, and then comparing the
modified characteristic quantity with a characteristic quantity which is
memorized in the dictionary and which corresponds to said known image
data,
said characteristic quantities each being expressed by a vector quantity
comprised of a plurality of components,
each of said plurality of values which quantitatively indicate degrees of
similarity being a function of absolute values of differences between
respective corresponding ones of the plurality of components of the vector
quantities of said characteristic quantity extracted from said image data
and the characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary, said
character recognition apparatus further comprising:
small difference determining means for determining whether each of said
absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones of
the plurality of components is equal to or below a second threshold value
in said comparison; and
error accumulation preventing means for replacing each absolute value among
said absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones
of the plurality of components with zero before said operation of
obtaining said plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity,
when the absolute value is equal to or below said second threshold value,
the second threshold value being a value commonly used for the comparisons
with absolute values corresponding to all the vector components.
9. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within the image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary;
character image modification means for carrying out a modification of said
image data in said character region, where said modification includes at
least one of thickening and thinning operations of the character included
within the image data, and where said modification includes the use of one
or more parameters;
characteristic quantity modification means, preceding in the next stage of
said characteristic quantity extracting means, for carrying out a
modification of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said
image data, where said modification corresponds to at least one of
magnification and reduction operations which includes the use of one or
more parameters;
optimum modification parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum
parameter of a modification by carrying out a modification of a
characteristic quantity which is extracted from a known image data using
each of a predetermined number of parameters, and then comparing the
modified characteristic quantity with a characteristic quantity which is
memorized in the dictionary and which corresponds to said known image
data,
said comparison by said character search means being carried out by
obtaining a plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity
between said characteristic quantity extracted from said image data and
respective characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary,
said determination of the character by said character search means being
carried out by obtaining a character among the characters in the
dictionary which has the highest similarity to the character included
within the image data based on said plurality of values,
said character search means further determining a recognition reliability
based on the similarity of the determined character,
said character recognition apparatus further comprising:
low recognition reliability determining means for determining whether a
recognition reliability of a determined character is equal to or below a
first threshold value; and
optimum parameter determination starting means for obtaining an optimum
parameter by restarting said optimum parameter determining means when the
recognition reliability of the determined character is equal to or below
said first threshold value,
said characteristic quantities being each expressed by a vector quantity
comprised of a plurality of components,
each of said plurality of values which quantitatively indicate degrees of
similarity being a function of absolute values of differences between
respective corresponding ones of the plurality of components of the vector
quantities of said characteristic quantity extracted from said image data
and the characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary, said
character recognition apparatus further comprising:
small difference determining means for determining whether each of said
absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones of
the plurality of components is equal to or below a second threshold value
in said comparison; and
error accumulation preventing means for replacing each absolute value among
said absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones
of the plurality of components with zero before said operation ob
obtaining said plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity,
when the absolute value is equal to or below said second threshold value,
the second threshold value being a value commonly used for the comparisons
with absolute values corresponding to all the vector components.
10. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
image input means for inputting an image of a document comprised of a
plurality of character regions, as the image data;
character region recognizing means for recognizing one of the plurality of
character regions indicating an individual character included within said
image data;
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
character image modification means for carrying out a modification of said
image data in said character region, where said modification includes at
least one of thickening and thinning operations of the character included
within the image data, and said at least one of thickening and thinning
operations is characterized by one or more parameters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within said modified image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary;
characteristic quantity modification means, for carrying out a modification
of said characteristic quantity which is extracted from said image data,
before said comparison, where said modification correspond to at least one
of magnification and reduction operations which includes the use of one or
more parameters;
text displaying means including a display apparatus which includes a
plurality of coordinates, for displaying said determined characters on the
display apparatus in the order that the corresponding ones of the
plurality of character regions is located in said image of the document;
optimum modification parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum
parameter of a modification by carrying out a modification of a
characteristic quantity which is extracted from a known image data using
each of a predetermined number of parameters, and then comparing the
modified characteristic quantity with a characteristic quantity which is
memorized in the dictionary and which corresponds to said known image
data; and
text image coordinate corresponding memorizing means for memorizing
coordinates for displaying said predetermined character on said display
apparatus by said text displaying means with a correspondence to the order
that the corresponding character regions are located in said image of the
document.
11. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
successive character strings region recognizing means for recognizing a
successive character strings region including a plurality of successive
character strings which include a plurality of character regions, said
successive character strings region being included within the image data
and said plurality of character strings being printed at intervals in the
character strings region, and a continuous image region;
character string region recognizing mans for recognizing each of the
plurality of successive character strings in said successive character
strings region;
character region recognizing means for recognizing each of the plurality of
character regions indicating an individual character, from said image
data;
character image modification means for carrying out a modification of said
image data in each of said character regions, where said modification
includes at least one of magnification and reduction operations of the
scale of a character and at least one of thickening and thinning
operations on a character, where said at least one of magnification and
reduction operations and said at least one of thickening and thinning
operations include the use of one or more parameters;
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within the image data; and
character search means for determining the character included within said
image data, by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary, said character recognition apparatus
further comprising:
optimum modification parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum
parameter of a modification by carrying out a modification of a
characteristic quantity which is extracted from a known image data using
each of a predetermined number of parameters, and then comparing the
modified characteristic quantity with a characteristic quantity which is
memorized in the dictionary and which corresponds to said known image
data,
wherein said successive character strings region recognizing means
comprises:
X-direction /Y-direction space string region extracting means for
extracting a string region consisting of successive spaces (0 data)
extending over a predetermined width and over a redetermined length, in
each of the X and Y directions, to provide an X-direction space string
region and a Y-direction space string region;
intermediate image composing means for composing a logical multiplication
of an X-direction intermediate image and a Y-direction intermediate image
to provide an intermediate image, each X-direction intermediate image and
Y-direction intermediate image being included within the image data, where
all data in said X-direction space string region is "zero" and all other
data is "one" in said X-direction intermediate image, and all data in said
Y-direction space string region is "zero" and all other data is "one" in
said Y-direction intermediate image;
successive data "one" region recognizing means for recognizing a successive
data "one" region in the intermediate image which is obtained by said
composing operation, in a manner that a label is assigned to each of
successive linear regions in the intermediate image obtained by said
composing operation, where each linear region contains data "one" only,
extends over a predetermined width and over a predetermined length in the
X-direction or the Y-direction; and
character string region determining means for projecting said image data in
the direction of the character strings in a region of the image data
corresponding to said successive data "one" region, and for determining a
part of the image data corresponding to the projected image as the
character string region when the width of the projected image is equal to
or less than a predetermined width.
12. A character recognition apparatus according to claim 11,
wherein said comparison by said character search means is carried out by
obtaining a plurality of values quantitatively indicating degrees of
similarity between the characteristic quantity which is extracted from
said image data, and the characteristic quantities which are memorized in
said dictionary,
wherein said determination by said character among the characters in the
dictionary which has the highest similarity to the character included
within the image data, and
wherein said character search means further determines a recognition
reliability based on the similarity of the determined character,
wherein said characteristic quantities are each expressed by a vector
quantity comprised of a plurality of components,
wherein each of said plurality of values which quantitatively indicate
degrees of similarity is a function of absolute values of differences
between respective corresponding ones of the plurality of components of
the vector quantities of said characteristic quantity extracted from the
image data and the characteristic quantities memorized in the dictionary,
said character recognition apparatus further comprising:
optimum parameter determination starting means for obtaining an optimum
parameter by restarting said optimum parameter determining means when the
recognition reliability of the determined character is equal to or below a
first threshold value; .
13. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
character image modification means for carrying out a modification of said
image data in each of said character regions, where said modification
includes at least one of magnification and reduction operations of the
scale of a character and at least one of thickening and thinning
operations on a character, where said at least one of magnification and
reduction operations include the use of one or more parameters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within said modified image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data, by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary; and
optimum modification parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum
parameter of a modification by carrying out a modification of a
characteristic quantity which is extracted from a known image data using
each of a predetermined number of parameters, and then comparing the
modified characteristic quantity with a characteristic quantity which is
memorized in the dictionary and which corresponds to said known image
data,
said comparison by said character search means being carried out by
obtaining a plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity
between said characteristic quantity extracted from said image data and
respective characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary,
said determination of the character by said character search means being
carried out by obtaining a character among the characters in the
dictionary which has the highest similarity to the character included
within the image data based on said plurality of values,
said character search means further determining a recognition reliability
based on the similarity of the determined character,
said character recognition apparatus further comprising:
low recognition reliability determining means for determining whether a
recognition reliability of a determined character is equal to or below a
first threshold value; and
optimum parameter determination starting means for obtaining an optimum
parameter by restarting said optimum parameter determining means when the
recognition reliability of the determined character is equal to or below
the first threshold value.
14. A character recognition apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said
characteristic quantities are each expressed by a vector quantity
comprised of a plurality of components,
wherein each of said plurality of values which quantitatively indicate
degrees of similarity is a function of absolute values of differences
between respective corresponding ones of the plurality of components of
the vector quantities of said characteristic quantity extracted from said
image data and the characteristic quantities memorized in said dictionary,
said character recognition apparatus further comprising:
small difference determining means for determining whether each of said
absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones of
the plurality of components, is equal to or below a second threshold value
in said comparison; and
error accumulation preventing means for replacing each absolute value among
said absolute values of differences between respective corresponding ones
of the plurality of components with zero before said operation of
obtaining said plurality of values which indicate degrees of similarity,
when the absolute value is equal to or below said second threshold value,
the second threshold value being a value commonly used for the comparisons
with absolute values corresponding to all the vector components.
15. A character recognition apparatus supplied with image data, comprising:
a dictionary for memorizing characteristic quantities of characters;
character image modification means for carrying out a modification of said
image data in each of said character regions, where said modification
includes at least one of magnification and reduction operations of the
scale of a character and at least one of thickening and thinning
operations on a character, where said at least one of magnification and
reduction operations include the use of one or more parameters;
characteristic quantity extracting means for extracting a characteristic
quantity of a character included within said modified image data;
character search means for determining the character included within the
image data, by comparing the characteristic quantity which is extracted
from the image data with the characteristic quantities of characters which
are memorized in the dictionary; and
optimum modification parameter determining means for obtaining an optimum
parameter of a modification by carrying out a modification of a
characteristic quantity which is extracted from a known image data using
each of a predetermined number of parameters, and then comparing the
modified characteristic quantity with a | | |
