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Claims  |
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I claim:
1. A collapsible and expandable void filler comprising a casing and a core
mounted therein, said casing having opposed outer ends, a pair of side
walls positioned in facing relation to each other and extending between
said opposed outer ends of said casing, said core including multiple
elongate strips, each of said strips having remote ends and being
centrally folded to form adjacent panels joined at a vertex fold which
defines hinge means between said panels of each strip, each strip
extending between said side walls and having said remote ends thereof
secured to said side walls, said side walls being selectively movable
between an expanded position with said side walls remote from each other
and with each of said strips having the adjacent panels thereof diverging
at an angle relative to each other outward from the vertex fold
therebetween, and a collapsed position with said side walls adjacent each
other and with each of said strips having the adjacent panels thereof
folded in substantially parallel overlying orientation to each other
wherein said elongate strips comprise first and second inner strips
positioned inward of said opposed outer ends of said casing with said
vertex folds thereof oppositely directed and in facing relation to each
other, said vertex folds of said first and second strips, in said expanded
position being parallel and proximate, and in said collapsed position
being parallel and laterally offset, with the panels of said first strip
overlapping and substantially paralleling the panels of said second inner
strip to form overlapping portions.
2. The void filler of claim 1 wherein said elongate strips include first
and second outer strips positioned respectively outward of said first and
second inner strips between said inner strips and said outer ends of said
casing, each said outer strip having remote ends secured to said spaced
side walls and being centrally folded to form adjacent panels joined at a
vertex fold which defines a hinge between the panels, each said folded
outer strip having the vertex fold thereof commonly directed with the
vertex fold of the corresponding inner strip, each said outer strip, in
said expanded position, having the adjacent panels thereof diverging at an
angle relative to each other outward of the vertex fold therebetween, and
in said collapsed position have the panels thereof folded into
substantially parallel overlying orientation.
3. The void filler of claim 2 wherein, in said expanded position, the angle
at which the panels of each outer strip diverge is greater than the angle
at which the panels of the corresponding inner strip diverge.
4. The void filler of claim 3 wherein the panels of each outer strip are
shorter than the panels of the corresponding inner strip.
5. The void filler of claim 4 wherein, in said collapsed position, said
panels of each outer strip are received between the panels of the
corresponding inner strip.
6. The void filler of claim 5 wherein, in said collapsed position, the
vertex fold of each outer strip is positioned outward of the overlapping
portions of the first and second inner strips.
7. The void filler of claim 6 wherein said side walls and said elongate
strips are of equal width, each of said side walls having opposed full
height edges, each of said elongate strips having opposed full length
bearing edges adapted to bear a load directed thereagainst.
8. The void filler of claim 7 including a pair of face walls overlying the
opposed bearing edges of said strips, each face wall having opposed
vertical edges foldably joined to the corresponding edges of said side
walls along the vertical extent thereof, each of said face walls having a
vertical fold line centrally along the full height thereof and dividing
the face wall into two face panels, each face wall, in the expanded
position of said void filler, engaging against the corresponding bearing
edges of said strips with the face panels in coplanar relation, each of
said face walls, in said collapsed position, having the face panels
thereof folded inward in generally overlying relation to each other and
generally parallel to said side walls with said strips confined between
said side walls.
9. The void filler of claim 8 wherein said elongate strips, in said
collapsed position are entirely inward of said opposed outer ends of said
casing.
10. The void filler of claim 9 including at least one intermediate strip
positioned between each inner strip and the corresponding outer strip,
each said intermediate strip having remote ends secured to said spaced
side walls and being centrally folded to form adjacent panels joined at a
vertex fold which defines a hinge between the panels, the vertex fold of
each intermediate strip being commonly directed with the vertex folds of
the corresponding inner and outer strips.
11. The void filler of claim 10 wherein, in said expanded position, the
panels of each intermediate strip diverge at an angle relative to each
other outward of the vertex fold therebetween which is greater than the
angle at which the panels of the corresponding inner strip diverge.
12. The void filler of claim 2 wherein, in said collapsed position, said
panels of each outer strip are received between the panels of the
corresponding inner strip.
13. The void filler of claim 12 wherein, in said collapsed position, the
vertex fold of each outer strip is positioned outward of the overlapping
portion of the first and second inner strips.
14. The void filler of claim 2 wherein said side walls and said elongate
strips are of equal width, each of said side walls having opposed full
height edges, each of said elongate strips having opposed full length
bearing edges adapted to bear a load directed thereagainst.
15. The void filler of claim 14 including a pair of face walls overlying
the opposed bearing edges of said strips, each face wall having opposed
vertical edges foldably joined to the corresponding edges of said side
walls along the vertical extent thereof, each of said face walls having a
vertical fold line centrally along the full height thereof and dividing
the face wall into two face panels, each face wall, in the expanded
position of said void filler, engaging against the corresponding bearing
edges of said strips with the face panels in coplanar relation, each of
said face walls, in said collapsed position, having the face panels
thereof folded inward in generally overlying relation to each other and
generally parallel to said side walls with said strips confined between
said side walls.
16. The void filler of claim 2 including at least one intermediate strip
positioned between each inner strip and the corresponding outer strip,
each said intermediate strip having remote ends secured to said spaced
side walls and being centrally folded to form adjacent panels joined at a
vertex fold which defines a hinge between the panels, the vertex fold of
each intermediate strip being commonly directed with the vertex folds of
the corresponding inner and outer strips.
17. The void filler of claim 16 wherein, in said expanded position, the
panels of each intermediate strip diverge at an angle relative to each
other outward of the vertex fold therebetween which is greater than the
angle at which the panels of the corresponding inner strip diverge. |
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Claims |
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Description |
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention broadly relates to dunnage of the type utilized as spacers
and stabilizers for transport loads, as in railroad boxcars, trucks and
container ships.
Such dunnage basically comprises void fillers which are used to fill spaces
between articles, shipping containers, and the like, or between such
containers and one or more walls of the transport vehicle.
In recent years void fillers have conventionally been formed of corrugated
paperboard or cardboard utilizing a collapsible honeycomb structure
adapted to collapse for shipment and storage, and expanded for use.
Problems arise with void fillers of this type, including the necessity for
rather complex arrangements of the strips utilized to form the honeycomb
core in seeking the ability to compactly collapse, while at the same time
providing a stable structure without distortion when erected.
The various known structures, notwithstanding the desire for simplicity and
economy, must also utilize a substantial amount of material in repeated
patterns of cells which in turn provide an appreciable bulk when
collapsed. This bulk is clearly not desirable when the collapsed dunnage
or void formers are to be stored or shipped.
Problems have also been noted with regard to the tendency for the expanded
honeycomb to provide a distorted configuration to the erected void filler.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The void filler of the present invention, preferably formed of corrugated
paperboard, utilizes a distinctly different collapsible core assembly
which avoids the conventional multi-cell honeycomb construction and the
inherent bulk thereof, while at the same time providing all of the
strength normally required by this type of void filler or dunnage.
The core utilizes centrally folded strips arranged in facing groups with
the strips of each group defining a generally chevron pattern. Each of the
strips extends the full length of the erected void filler and has the
opposed ends thereof secured to opposed side walls of the casing. The
strips thus are structurally simple, easily formed and readily assembled
within the casing with substantial economies in both material and
manufacture.
Upon a collapsing of the filler, the side walls move inwardly toward each
other and the core strips centrally fold and are completely confined
therebetween.
The strips are so oriented relative to each other as to, in the erected or
expanded position, provide multiple areas of lateral support inwardly of
the side walls for substantially the entire height of the void filler.
In the collapsed position of the void filler, the core strips individually
fold with the panels of each strip positioned in adjacent overlying
parallel relation to each other and with each strip in turn minimally
overlapping the folded adjacent strips whereby minimal layering of
material occurs between the collapsed side walls.
The void filler is completed by a pair of opposed face walls, each
centrally folded on a vertical fold line and engaged with the
corresponding edges of the two side walls along similar fold lines which,
upon an inward collapsing of the side walls toward each other, provide for
a corresponding collapsing of the face walls into substantially parallel
relationship with the side walls.
When the void filler is expanded into its operative position, the face
walls seat directly on the opposed edges of the core strips, which are of
equal width with the side walls, and define opposed planar bearing
surfaces against which the loads can engage.
These together with additional features and advantages of the invention
will become apparent from the more detailed description of the
construction and manner of use of the invention as more fully hereinafter
set forth.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of erected or expanded void fillers in
operative use as a load separator and stabilizer;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a void filler taken
substantially on a plane along line 2--2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged transverse cross-sectional view taken substantially
on a plane passing along line 3--3 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the void filler, with the casing partially
removed, illustrating the manner of folding;
FIG. 5 is a view of the void filler slightly expanded from its completely
collapsed position and with the near face wall removed to illustrate
orientation of the collapsed strips;
FIG. 6 is an end elevation view of the completely collapsed void filler,
the thicknesses of the panels being exaggerated for purposes of
illustration;
FIG. 7 is a vertical view, with a face wall removed, of a second embodiment
of greater height and utilizing additional core strips; and
FIG. 8 is a view illustrating the filler of FIG. 7 with the near face wall
removed and the core expanded from its fully collapsed position only
sufficiently to illustrate the relationship of the collapsed strips to
each other and to the opposed side walls.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 illustrates the dunnage or void filler 10 operatively positioned
between spaced loads 12 as a protection and stabilizing means. As will be
appreciated, the void filler 10 is equally adapted for positioning between
a load and an adjacent wall of the transport vehicle.
The void filler is in its entirety preferably constructed of foldable
corrugated paperboard with the individual components adhesively joined for
folding adjustment between a flat storage and shipping position, and an
expanded and rigid in-use position.
The void filler 10 comprises a casing 14 and a core 16. The casing 14,
considering the erected position of the filler 10, includes a pair of
vertically elongate opposed panel-formed side walls 18 of a width
determined by the void to be filled.
The side walls are interconnected by equal height panel-formed face walls
20. The opposed vertical edges of each face wall are foldably joined to
the corresponding vertical edges of the side walls with the opposed side
walls 18 and opposed face walls 20 defining, in the erected position, a
rectangular configuration having open upper and lower outer ends.
Each of the face walls 20 is provided with a central full length vertical
fold line 22. So formed, when collapsing from the erected box like
rectangular erected position of FIG. 1, the opposed face walls 20 fold
outwardly relative to each other, that is with the respective fold lines
22 moving outward to define the opposed outer edges of the collapsed
filler 10 as in FIG. 6. At the same time, the opposed side walls 18 move
inwardly, folding about the respective vertical edges thereof, into
overlying relation to each other.
As illustrated, and depending upon the actual size of the void filler 10,
it is preferred the casing 14 be formed from two folded sheets of
appropriate corrugated paperboard or cardboard with the free edges thereof
overlapped and adhesively bonded as suggested at 24.
The core 16, in the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, is formed of a pair of inner
strips 26 and a corresponding pair of outer strips 28. Each of the strips
26, 28 extends across the full length of the erected casing 14 between the
opposed parallel side walls 18, and is of a width substantially equal to
that of the side walls whereby the opposed longitudinal edges of the
strips define bearing surfaces for the opposed face walls 20.
The first and second inner strips 26 are each formed with a central vertex
fold 30 with strip panels 32 defined to the opposite sides thereof and
terminating in outer strip ends 34.
With continued reference to the erected void filler 10, the inner strips
26, and the vertex folds 30 thereof, are oppositely directed with the
vertex folds 30 in adjacent parallel facing relation to each other at
approximately the central point of the casing 14. The two panels 32 of
each strip 26 diverge at an angle from each other from the vertex fold
therebetween and terminate with the outer ends 34 thereof adjacent one
vertical end of the opposite casing side walls 18. In light of the
opposite orientation of the first and second inner strips 26, it will be
appreciated that the opposed ends of one strip 26 are located at the
respective upper ends of the side walls, while the opposed ends of the
second strip 26 are located at the respective lower ends of the side walls
18.
Each of the strip ends is laterally turned relative to the adjacent panel
32 along a fold line 36 and is bonded to the inner face of the
corresponding casing side wall 18.
In the erected position, the oppositely directed vertex folds 30 are in
adjacent parallel relation with each other and may either actually contact
each other as illustrated or be minimally offset from each other. Upon a
folding of the void filler 10, by movement of the side walls inwardly
toward each other and outwardly collapsing the face walls 20 about fold
lines 22, the two strips 26 fold upon themselves with the vertex folds 30
bypassing each other while maintaining the parallel relationship, and with
the panels 32 of one inner strip 26 partially overlapping the panels 32 of
the second inner strip 26 and defining, in the area of overlap, a multiple
layering of only four panels or plies between the opposed collapsed side
walls 18.
The outer strips 28 comprise first and second strips which are located
vertically outward respectively of the first and second inner strips 26
and are similarly formed with oppositely directed central vertex folds 38
and diverging panels 40 which terminate in ends 42 folded or turned about
fold lines 44 and adhesively bonded to the inner faces of the side walls
or turned ends 34 of the inner strips 26.
The strips 28 are relatively shorter than the strips 26. The panels 40 of
each strip 28 diverge outwardly from the vertex fold 38 therebetween at a
greater angle than the angle of divergence of the panels 32 in the erected
position, and thus define opposed bearing edges which extend across the
length of the void filler intermediate of the bearing edges of the inner
strips 26 and the vertical upper and lower outer ends of the casing.
The orientation of the outer strips 28 relative to the inner strips 26 is
such as to provide maximum support along the length of the void filler 10
between the opposed side walls 18.
With reference to FIG. 5, as the void filler 10 is collapsed, with the side
walls 18 moved inward toward each other, the first and second outer strips
28 fold inwardly toward each other and between the panels 32 of the
corresponding inner strips 26. The length of the panels 40 of the outer
strips 28 are such as to, in the completely collapsed position, terminate
outward of not only the vertex fold of the corresponding inner strip 26,
but also outward of the vertex fold of the opposed inner strip. In other
words, the vertex fold 38 of the collapsed upper outer strip 28 terminates
above the vertex fold 30 of the lower inner strip 26. In this manner there
is no overlap between the panels 40 of each outer strip 28 and the panels
32 of the opposed inner strip 26. Thus, in the collapsed void filler 10,
an inner thickness between the collapsed side walls 18 of only four plies
or panels is maintained, as above described with regard to the collapsed
inner strips 26. This in turn results in an extremely flat collapsed void
filler as suggested in FIG. 6 wherein the thickness of the panels, for
purposes of illustration, has actually been exaggerated. It will also be
recognized that the core 16, or more particularly the strips thereof, all
collapse inward relative to the side walls and are completely confined
therebetween, in contrast to a conventional honeycomb core which will tend
to, upon collapse, extend outward beyond the casing walls, and define a
substantially greater number of plies between the collapsed wall and an
appreciably greater bulk than that of the present invention.
In order to space each outer strip 28 from the corresponding inner strip 26
toward the opposed ends thereof, and allow for the unencumbered folding
and expanding thereof, it will be noted that each fold line 36 adjacent
each turned end 34 of the inner strips 26 is spaced vertically inward of
the corresponding fold line 44 of the corresponding turned end 42 of the
adjacent outer strip 28.
In the erected carton, the vertex folds 30, 38 of all of the strips are in
substantial vertical alignment along the vertical center line of the void
filler 10, and thereby provide for a maximum degree of stability at this
critical area. It will also be noted the side walls 18 provide for a
rigidification and bracing of the void filler 10 along the full vertical
height of the opposed edges. Bracing between the vertical edges and the
vertical center line is effectively provided by the angularly oriented
panels of the inner and outer strips.
As will be appreciated, utilizing single, centrally folded strips which
span the entire length of the casing, and which are oriented in what might
be considered opposed facing or inwardly directed chevron patterns,
uniquely provides for a highly stable erected structure with minimal
material and with the components so arranged as to provide for maximum
compaction to a stored or shipping position wherein the void filler
comprises basically two overlying planar panels with a core of a minimum
number of plies, four in the illustrated example, sandwiched centrally
therebetween and providing, as a practical matter, minimal impact on the
planar nature of the collapsed casing, particularly as compared to
conventional honeycomb structures.
FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate a second embodiment of void filler 50 wherein the
vertical height to transverse length ratio is such as to make it practical
to incorporate one or more intermediate strips 52 in each chevron pattern
of strips between the respective inner strips 54 and outer strips 56.
With reference to the expanded void filler of FIG. 7, the vertex folds 58
of the first and second inner strips 54, similar to the vertex folds 30 of
the inner strips 26 of the first embodiment, are positioned in adjacent
parallel relation to each other along the vertical center line of the
casing 60 between the opposed side walls 62. The intermediate strips 52
and outer strips 56 are progressively shorter than the corresponding inner
strips 54 with the respective panels thereof oriented at progressively
greater angles. That is the angle of the panels of an intermediate strip
52 is greater than the vertex angle between the panels of the
corresponding inner strip 54 and less than that of the vertex angle of the
panels of the corresponding outer strip 56.
The outer ends of each of the strips are turned or folded to parallel the
inner faces of the opposed side walls 62 and are bonded thereto or to each
other with the formed folds both at the ends and defining the vertex folds
providing for the necessary hinged action to allow for the folding and
expanding of the core strips. It will also be noted that the corresponding
fold lines at the ends of each group of strips are vertically spaced to
provide for a vertical spacing of the panels of the strips adjacent these
ends for maximum rigidification of the casing in the expanded position.
Also as with the first embodiment, the vertex folds of all of the strips
vertically aligned along the vertical center line of the void filler 50,
the strips are of equal width with the casing side walls 62, and the
opposed longitudinal edges of the strips define bearing edges for the
opposed casing face walls 64. The face walls 64 are in turn each provided
with a vertical fold line 66 centrally thereacross for an outward
collapsing of the face walls upon each other as the side walls are moved
inwardly and the core strips collapsed therebetween.
Noting FIG. 8, with the use of one or more intermediate strips, it is
possible the stacking of the strip panels within the collapsed void filler
will define more than four plies as opposed to the preferred situation
wherein only four plies or layers are defined by the collapsed core.
Nevertheless, the internal layering of the collapsed core strips on each
other, for the number of strips involved, is kept at a minimum in that
each strip, extending the full length of the void filler, defines only two
panels or plies when collapsed. Further, regardless of the number of
intermediate strips utilized, the core in its entirety collapses inward
relative to the opposed upper and lower outer ends of the casing 60. The
void filler 50 thus provides all of the advantages of the void filler 10
including the utilization of minimal material while providing an expanded
filler of high strength and stability, and provision for the collapse of
the filler into a compact substantially planar position for easy storage
and shipment with the strip-formed core completely contained within the
collapsed casing.
As previously noted, all of the components of both forms of void filler are
preferably of corrugated paperboard or cardboard, consisting of a
corrugated sheet between two planar face sheets for maximum rigidity,
reduced weight and low expense. The corrugations in the side walls and
core strips, also for maximum rigidity, will align across the width of the
respective components between the opposed face walls which directly
receive the loads thereagainst.
The foregoing is illustrative of the features of the invention. Other
embodiments incorporating such features may occur to those skilled in the
art, and should be considered as within the scope of the invention as
claimed.
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Description |
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