An apparatus for generating electromagnetic waveforms to stimulate a subject includes an electromagnetic waveform signal generator to generate analog signals representing desired electromagnetic waveforms. A selector responsive to channel select input applies the analog signals to selected output channels of the selector. Electromagnetic devices are coupled to the output channels of the selector to convert analog signals into electromagnetic waveforms. The electromagnetic devices coupled to the selected output channels are driven by the analog signals to expose a subject wearing the electromagnetic devices to the desired electromagnetic waveforms.

An apparatus for generating electromagnetic waveforms to stimulate a subject includes a computing device generating digital waveform data. A digital-to-analog converter receives the digital waveform data from the computing device and generates a corresponding analog waveform signal. A channel selector having output channels is operable to apply the analog waveform signal to the output channels when the output channels are actuated. A sequencer independent of the computing device selects and actuates the output channels of the channel selector. An electromagnetic field generator is coupled to each output channel of the channel selector. The electromagnetic field generator coupled to each actuated output channel converts the analog waveform signal into an electromagnetic waveform thereby to expose a subject wearing the electromagnetic field generators to the electromagnetic waveform.

The Invention relates to the use of pulsating electromagnetic signals for stimulating chondrogenesis. The invention especially relates to the use of FGF (Fibroblast Growth Factor) in combination with pulsating electromagnetic signals for stimulating cartilage and chondrogenesis.

A method for repairing a defect in cartilage, comprising the provision of apertures in the cartilage by drilling holes at the base of the cartilage defect, which holes may enter the mesenchymal depot, introducing a porous scaffold material containing a plurality of magnetic particles into the apertures, and subsequently and sequentially injecting magnetically-tagged cartilage growth promoting materials such as various growth factors or chondrocytes into the area of the defect. The magnetically tagged growth promoting material is then drawn into the apertures by magnetic attraction of the magnetic particles contained in the porous scaffold material, either by virtue of the particles being permanently magnetic, or by the imposition of an external magnetic field. The present application claims the biodegradable porous scaffold material containing the plurality of magnetic particles.

The present invention is a magnetic therapeutic device which subjects a treatment area such as an anatomical area or plant to a dynamic magnetic field having an amplitude of at least a half waveform. To subject the treatment area to such a dynamic magnetic field, the magnetic source may be rotated, oscillated, moved through a particular pattern, or otherwise moved relative to the treatment area. Each embodiment of the present invention includes at least one permanent magnet contained within a housing having an application surface which is adapted to engage a treatment area such as an anatomical area of a user's body. The application surface is positioned relative to the magnet so that the magnetic field extends around and/or through the application surface to the anatomical area to be treated. Each magnet has a north and south magnetic pole and a pole width equal to the width of the magnet at the poles. Means for moving the permanent magnet are provided in each embodiment, and are preferably positioned within the housing.