 |
Description  |
|
|
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to knitting and textile for underwear, socks and
stockings comprising fiber containing metal and the object of the present
invention is to provide knitting and textile for underwear, socks and
stockings comprising fiber containing metal which not only provides
flexibility, excellent smooth touch when they are put on, and agreeable
wear comfort while they are worn but which also emits electromagnetic
radiation liberated from metal oxides positioned near body of the wearer
to work effectively on contact as soon as they are put on, and to provide
small thermal conductivity while they are worn, so that an extremely good
heat-retaining effect is manifested and the blood flow rate tends to rise
where they contact the body.
1. Description of Prior Art
In general, cotton, nylon, polyester, acrylic, and urethane fiber are
popularly used as fiber materials forming men's underwear such as
long-sleeved shirts, shirts with half-length sleeves, and drawers; ladies'
underwear such as tee shirts, semi-long-sleeved shirts and panties; and
socks, and stockings, and these fiber materials are properly selected
according to wearing seasons and mixed-spun at an optional ratio to form
underwear, socks and stockings.
For example, underwear, socks and stockings for summer is formed with fiber
materials primarily comprising cotton in view of its permeability and
absorbency, while underwear, socks and stockings for winter, in addition
to said fiber materials, usually includes wool which is frequently
mixed-spun to improve the heat-retaining property of underwear, socks and
stockings.
Recently, in view of the heat-retaining property of far infrared radiation,
underwear, socks and stockings using fiber mixed with far infrared
irradiating ceramics as a component material have been provided.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,999,243, N. Maeda discloses a far infrared
radiant composite fiber having a structure that includes a core surrounded
by a sheath with a hollow space at the center. The core and the sheath are
not mixed with one another.
These known underwear, socks and stockings that uses fiber having far
infrared irradiating materials such as alumina, girconia, or magnesia,
contained in polyethylene-based and polyamide-based fiber materials which
show high permeability to far infrared radiation and the core fiber
materials containing this far infrared irradiating materials is covered
with a protective layer, as part of the component fiber, which is formed
to provide a heat-retaining effect.
Problems to be Solved by this Invention
However, knitting and textile for underwear, socks and stockings mixed-spun
with the wool manifest insufficient heat-retaining effect unless wool is
mixed-spun at high ratio, but mixed-spinning wool at high ratio to
increase the heat-retaining effect causes bulkiness of the underwear, the
socks and the stockings, producing wearer discomfort; this not only
reduces wearer comfort but also restricts movement of the wearer.
On the other hand, knitting and textile for underwear, socks and stockings
mixed with far infrared irradiating ceramics can eliminate the bulkiness
as compared with said underwear, said socks and said stockings mixed-spun
with wool but the intended warming effect is difficult to achieve unless a
large area is covered with the fiber material containing far infrared
irradiating substance.
Moreover, since in these knitting and textile for underwear, socks and
stockings, a covered layer is provided to protect the far infrared
irradiating layer but the covered layer absorbs far infrared radiation,
the far infrared radiation emitted by the ceramics is not effectively
used.
Consequently, these knitting and textile for underwear, socks and stockings
have limited effectiveness because the effect of the far infrared
radiation is unable to work most effectively on contact when they are put
on, provides less sufficient thermal conductivity while they are worn, and
fail to maintain skin temperature after they were worn, so that excellent
heat-retaining effects cannot be attained.
The composite fiber of U.S. Pat. No. 999,243 also has the problem on its
structure that the sheath reduces far infrared radiation emitted from the
core. The fiber further has serious problems in manufacturing. It is
difficult to shape ceramics in fiber because of the natural character of
ceramics that ceramics have no flexibility. In addition, single fiber is
too fine to form the complicated struction of U.S. Pat. No. 4,999,243,
comprising 2 portions, sheath portion and core portion. As a result, it is
impossible in practice to produce the fiber on a commercial basis.
Therefore, the industry has long required knitting and textile for
underwear, socks and stockings which provide superb wear comfort, which
feels good when they are put on, which provide good thermal conductivity,
and which exhibit excellent heat-retaining properties.
Means to Solve the Problems
All of the above-mentioned prior problems are solved by providing knitting
and textile for underwear, socks and stockings comprising fiber containing
metal which is characterized in comprising fiber materials mixed-spun with
polyurethane elastic fiber in the range of 2-50%, to which platinum and at
least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of alumina,
silica, and titania are mixed as essential components.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a spectral emissivity chart for the fiber obtained in Example 3.
FIG. 2 is a spectral emissivity chart for the fiber obtained in Example 2.
FIG. 3 is a spectral emissivity chart for the fiber obtained in Example 5.
FIG. 4 is a spectral emissivity chart for the fiber obtained in Example 6.
FIG. 5 is a spectral emissivity chart for the fiber obtained in Example 7.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The construction of knitting and textile for underwear, socks and stockings
comprising fiber containing metal relating to the present invention will
be described in detail hereinafter. The textile is used for underwear and
the knitting is used for socks and stockings. All percentages are by
weight.
In this invention, the fiber material mixed-spun with 2-50% polyurethane
elastic fiber is mixed with platinum and at least one metal oxide selected
from the group consisting of alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), silica
(SiO.sub.2), and titania (TiO.sub.2) as essential components and is
referred to hereinafter as the component fiber.
Alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), silica (SiO.sub.2), and titania (TiO.sub.2) in
powder form with grain size of 1 .mu. or smaller are preferred, but there
is no restriction.
Platinum (Pt) having a grain size as fine as 7-20 .ANG. and in a colloidal
form is preferably used.
This is based on the experimental knowledge of the inventor that the use of
colloidal-form platinum can yield a satisfactory heat-retaining property.
The mix ratio of these metal oxides and platinum is about 9-5% alumina
(Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), 50-80% silica (SiO.sub.2), 8-15% each titania
(TiO.sub.2) and/or platinum (Pt), but there is no restriction.
To these metal oxides, oxides of calcium, zinc, and copper may be mixed by
about 2-10%.
From the metal oxides comprised as above, electromagnetic radiation (far
infrared radiation) with a 5-12 micron wavelength range to be effective
for human bodies is stably and sufficiently emitted even at the
temperature range of around 30.degree. C., as is clear from the following
tests.
Polyurethane elastic fiber to which metal oxides and platinum are mixed is
not particularly specified but SPANDEX which comprises noncrystalline
segments including either polyester or polyether portions and crystalline
segments with urethane bonds as is popularly used in regular textile
products is favorably used.
A method for mixing metal oxides and platinum with said polyurethane
elastic fiber is not particularly specified but any of the known optional
methods can be adopted as required, such as the method for mixing the
polymerized fiber material solution dispersedly in the solution before dry
spinning or mixing into dry-spun yarns.
The blending ratio of metal oxides mixed in polyurethane elastic fiber is
not particularly specified but any blending ratio can be favorably adopted
if it is a blending ratio which emits electromagnetic radiation (far
infrared radiation) with a wavelength range of about 5-12 microns to be
effective for human bodies at the temperature around 30.degree. C., and
which provides thermal conductivity during wearing and which manifests a
satisfactory heat-retaining effect and which is within the range that
enables mixing or spinning and that does not impair wear comfort.
Furthermore, in the present invention, polyurethane elastic fiber is
particularly used because that mixed-spinning polyurethane elastic fiber
with generous expandability results in improved wear comfort of underwear,
socks and stockings, and at the same time mixing the above-mentioned metal
oxides and platinum to this polyurethane elastic fiber enables emission of
electromagnetic radiation (far infrared radiation) from the metal oxides
into the body with the underwear, the socks and the stockings closely in
contact with the body of the wearer, makes the best use of the effect of
emitted electromagnetic radiation (far infrared radiation), and allows the
electromagnetic radiation (far infrared radiation) to work effectively on
contact when they are put on and to provide good thermal conductivity, so
that temperature variation in the body increases after they are worn, and
the blood flow rate increases where they contact the wearer. As a result,
a superior heat-retaining effect can be manifested.
The polyurethane elastic fiber mixed with at least platinum and at least
one metal oxides selected from the above-mentioned group consisting of
alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), silica (SiO.sub.2) , and titania (TiO.sub.2)
as essential components is mixed-spun with other regular fiber materials
into knitting and textile for underwear, socks and stockings by a regular
method. In this embodiment, polyurethane elastic fiber including said
metal oxides and platinum must be mixed-spun in the range of 2-50%.
This is because where the mixed-spinning ratio of polyurethane elastic
fiber containing metal oxides is less than 2%, emission of electromagnetic
radiation from metal oxides using the expandability of the above-mentioned
polyurethane elastic fiber does not take place effectively and the
superior heat-retaining property is not manifested, while where it is
mixed-spun in amounts exceeding 50%, disagreeable touch is provided for
the wearer and certain people may develop allergic symptoms, indicating
that either of the alternatives is not desirable.
As other fiber materials to be mixed-spun with polyurethane elastic fiber,
ordinary natural and artificial fiber materials such as cotton, hemp,
wool, acrylic, polyester, and nylon are favorably used and these fiber
materials may be optimally mixed-spun to make knitting and textile for
underwear, socks and stockings at an optional ratio, and are not
particularly specified.
In particular, underwear made by mixed-spinning cotton fiber in such a
manner that the cotton fiber is located on the side in contact with the
human body is favorably worn in the wintertime due to the heat-retaining
property of the cotton fiber.
Or, underwear made by mixed-spinning the cotton fiber in such a manner that
this cotton fiber is located opposite the side in contact with the human
body is favorably worn in the summertime due to the heat dissipation
property of the cotton fiber.
Regular men's underwear such as undershirts, athletic shirts, briefs,
shorts, and drawers and regular ladies' underwear such as panties, tanks,
panty hoses, semi-long sleeved shirts and tee shirts are given as examples
of underwear included in the present invention, but the invention is not
limited to these examples. The invention includes use of the novel
material in all wearing apparel.
EXAMPLES
The effects of knitting and textile for underwear, socks and stockings
comprising fiber containing metal relating to the present invention will
become more apparent from the following examples.
Example 1
The 15% polyurethane elastic fiber mixed with metal oxides comprising
alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), silica (SiO.sub.2), titania (TiO.sub.2), and
platinum (Pt) in the ratio 10:82:3:5 was mixed-spun with 85% cotton and
made into ladies' tee shirts by an ordinary method.
Comparison 1
Ladies' tee shirts were made in the same manner of Example 1 except using
polyurethane elastic fiber not mixed with metal oxides.
Comparison 2
The 1.7% polyurethane elastic fiber mixed with metal oxides comprising
alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), silica (SiO.sub.2), titania (TiO.sub.2), and
platinum (Pt) in the ratio 10:82:3:5 was mixed-spun with 98.3% cotton and
made into ladies' tee shirts by an ordinary method.
Comparison 3
Ladies' tee shirts were made in the same manner of Comparison 2 except
using polyurethane elastic fiber not mixed with metal oxides.
Test 1
The ladies' underwear obtained in said Example 1 and Comparisons 1 through
3 were measured for various properties including density (g/m.sup.2),
thickness (cm), contact feeling (Q max), steady thermal conductivity (W/cm
.degree. C..times.10.sup.-4), and heat-retaining ratio (%) with THERMOLABO
2-KES7 (KATOHTEC: heat property measuring equipment).
Table 1 shows the results.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
[A] [B] [C] [D] [E]
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 1 154 0.065 0.091 4.906 28.6
COMPARISON 1 149 0.068 0.102 3.855 25.3
COMPARISON 2 235 0.137 0.073 8.913 26.3
COMPARISON 3 233 0.140 0.078 9.020 26.9
______________________________________
[A] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
DENSITY (g/m.sup.2)
[B] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
THICKNESS (cm)
[C] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
CONTACT FEELING (Q max) 1
[D] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
STEADY THERMAL CONDUCTIVETY
2
(W/cm .degree.C. .times. 10.sup.-4)
[E] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
HEAT-RETAINING RATIO (%) 3
______________________________________
1: The coldness felt by wearer in putting on;
The bigger value indicates increased coldness.
2: The facility of thermal conduction of cloth;
The bigger value indicates the increased thermal conduction.
3: The ability of heat-retaining of cloth;
The bigger value indicates the better ability.
Test 2
Using the ladies' underwear obtained in said Example 1 and Comparisons 1
through 3, tests were carried out on the living body.
First of all, for ladies' underwear of Example 1 and Comparison 1, skin
temperature (minimum, average, maximum) of the back of the same paneler
before and after putting on the underwear was measured.
The measurement was carried out on temperature retained by the underwear
about 1200 seconds after it was put on and skin temperature of the back
right after and about 66 seconds after the underwear was taken off.
The overall temperature variation in skin temperature at the back was
calculated.
Next, using the same paneler, the measurement was carried out on the
ladies' underwear of Comparisons 2 and 3 in the same manner.
The measured skin temperatures in this test were calculated from minimum,
average, and maximum values of the picture analysis temperature
distribution of a specific region of the thermogram obtained from thermo
analysis by thermograph (NEC San-Ei 6T/62 type (HgCdTe sensor, 8-13 .mu.
m): infrared radiation thermometer -50.degree.-2000.degree. C.).
Table 2 shows the results.
TABLE 2
______________________________________
[A] [B] [C] [D]
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 1
AVE. 34.25 34.63 (0.38) 34.38
0.13 .uparw.
MIN. 33.00 33.50 (0.50) 33.25
0.25 .uparw.
MAX. 35.13 35.63 (0.47) 35.38
0.25 .uparw.
COM- AVE. 34.13 33.88 (-0.25)
33.63
-0.50 .dwnarw.
PARISON 1
MIN. 32.88 32.50 (0.38) 32.25
-0.63 .dwnarw.
MAX. 35.13 35.00 (-0.13)
34.75
-0.38 .dwnarw.
COM- AVE. 34.01 34.11 (0.10) 33.94
-0.07 .dwnarw.
PARISON 2
MIN. 32.88 32.22 (0.01) 32.10
-0.11 .dwnarw.
MAX. 35.01 35.23 (0.22) 35.10
0.09 .uparw.
COM- AVE. 34.52 34.70 (0.18) 34.55
0.03 .uparw.
PARISON 3
MIN. 32.91 32.85 (-0.06)
32.84
-0.07 .dwnarw.
MAX. 35.21 35.51 (0.30) 35.30
0.09 .uparw.
______________________________________
[A] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
BEFORE PUTTING ON/HEAT-RETAINING
FOR 1,200 SEC.
[B] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
RIGHT AFTER TAKING OFF
[C] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
RADIATION OF HEAT/RADIATION FOR
66 SEC.
[D] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
OVERALL TEMPERATURE VARIATION
THE UPPER ROW: AVERAGE TEMPERATURE (.degree.C.)
THE MIDDLE ROW: MINIMUM TEMPERATURE (.degree.C.)
THE LOWER ROW: MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE (.degree.C.)
( ) indicates temperature of heat-retaining effect.
______________________________________
Test 3
The ladies' underwear of said Example 1 and comparison 1 were respectively
worn by two panelers, and the blood flow rate (ml/min/100 g) was measured
by the laser Doppler method (Journal of the Laser Medical Society of Japan
Vol. 12, No. 1, 7. 1988) using the laser Doppler rheometer (ADVANST:
ALF-21) where the underwear was worn for a specified period. Table 3 shows
the results.
TABLE 3
______________________________________
BLOOD FLOW OF FINGER
(ml/min/100 g)
PANELER A PANELER B
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 1 30 31
11:40.about.11:50
11:00.about.11:06
COMPARISON 1 22 14
10:40.about.10:50
11:50.about.12:00
______________________________________
THE LOWER ROW.cndot. .cndot. .cndot. TIME OF MEASUREMENT
As clear from TABLE 1, , where the mixed-spinning ratio of polyurethane
elastic fiber is 15%, comparing ladies' underwear mixed with metal oxide
(Example 1) with that not mixed with metal oxide (Comparison 1) shows that
small contact feeling results in small coldness when it is put on and
small steady thermal conductivity results in small temperature variation
due to the coldness of open-air, proving a high heat-retaining ratio.
Where polyurethane elastic fiber is mixed-spun as low as 1.7% (Comparison
2), the effect is similar to that of using polyurethane elastic fiber not
containing metal oxides (Comparison 3), showing that the heat-retaining
effect is not sufficiently manifested.
As clear from TABLE 2, where the mixed-spinning ratio of polyurethane
elastic fiber is 15%, in the balance of heat-retaining and heat-radiation
after putting on the underwear, the ladies' underwear containing metal
oxides (Example 1) provides an overall temperature variation difference of
0.6.degree. C. higher on average than that of ladies' underwear not
containing metal oxides (Comparison 1), showing higher heat-retaining
effect.
On the contrary, where the mixed-spinning ratio of polyurethane elastic
fiber is low (Comparisons 2 and 3), the heat-retaining effect by wearing
underwear is not manifested.
As clear from TABLE 3, the ladies' underwear of Example 1 tends to increase
the blood flow rate by heat-retaining as compared with the ladies'
underwear of Comparison 1.
Example 2
The 6.4% polyurethane elastic fiber mixed with metal oxides comprising
alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), silica (SiO.sub.2), titania (TiO.sub.2), and
platinum (Pt) in the ratio 10:82:3:5 was mixed-spun with 56% cotton, 24.1%
acrylic, and 13.5% nylon, and made into ladies' socks by an ordinary
method.
Comparison 2
Ladies' socks were made in the same manner of Example 1 except using
polyurethane elastic fiber not mixed with metal oxides.
Comparison 5
The 1.7% polyurethane elastic fiber mixed with metal oxides comprising
alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), silica (SiO.sub.2), titania (TiO.sub.2), and
platinum (Pt) in the ratio 10:82:3:5 was mixed-spun with 62.7% cotton,
27.6% acrylic, and 5.2% nylon, and made into men's socks by an ordinary
method.
Comparison 6
Men's socks were made in the same manner of Comparison 2 except using
polyurethane elastic fiber not mixed with metal oxides.
Test 4
The ladies' and men's socks obtained in said Example 2 and Comparisons 4
through 6 were measured for various properties including density
(g/m.sup.2), thickness (cm), contact feeling (Q max), steady thermal
conductivity (W/cm .degree. C..times.10.sup.-4), and heat-retaining ratio
(%) with THERMOLABO 2-KES7 (KATOHTEC: heat property measuring equipment).
Table 4 shows the results.
TABLE 4
______________________________________
[A] [B] [C] [D] [E]
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 2 286 0.102 0.083 3.525 42.3
COMPARISON 4 287 0.111 0.089 4.719 35.2
COMPARISON 5 438 0.221 0.064 8.495 39.7
COMPARISON 6 438 0.236 0.068 8.873 45.4
______________________________________
[A] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
DENSITY (g/m.sup.2)
[B] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
THICKNESS (cm)
[C] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
CONTACT FEELING (Q max) 1
[D] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
STEADY THERMAL CONDUCTIVETY
2
(W/cm .degree.C. .times. 10.sup.-4)
[E] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
HEAT-RETAINING RATIO (%) 3
1: The coldness felt by wearer in putting on;
The bigger value indicates increased coldness.
2: The facility of thermal conduction of cloth;
The bigger value indicates increased thermal
conductivity facility.
3: The ability of heat-retaining of cloth;
The bigger value indicates increased heat retention
ability.
Test 5
Using the ladies' and men's socks obtained in said Example 2 and
Comparisons 4 through 6, tests were carried out on the living body.
First of all, skin temperature of right and left soles of a paneler were
measured as the skin temperature before putting on socks, after adjusting
on the living body for a specified period to harmonize the skin
temperature of the right and left soles.
After the measurement, the sock of Example 2 was put on the left foot, the
sock of Comparison 4 was put on the right foot, and skin temperature
(average, maximum) of the soles was measured after for 900 seconds.
Then, the right and left socks were taken off, skin temperature (average,
maximum) of the right and left soles was measured immediately after and
about 61 seconds thereafter.
The overall temperature variation in skin temperature at the right and left
soles while wearing the socks was calculated.
Next, using the same paneler, skin temperature of right and left soles was
adjusted on the living body for a specified period in the same manner, the
sock of Comparison 5 was put on the left foot, the sock of Comparison 6
was put on the right foot, and skin temperature (average, maximum) of the
soles and the overall temperature variation in skin temperature were
measured in the same manner.
The measured skin temperatures in this test were calculated from average
and maximum values of the picture analysis temperature distribution of a
specific region of the thermogram obtained from thermo analysis by
thermograph (NEC San-Ei 6T/62 type (HgCdTe sensor, 8-13 .mu.m): infrared
radiation thermometer -50.degree.-2000.degree. C.).
Table 5 shows the results.
TABLE 5
______________________________________
[A] [B] [C] [C] [D]
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 2 29.3 29.1 31.1 (1.0)
31.1 1.8 .uparw.
31.5 31.5 33.8 (2.3)
33.8 2.3 .uparw.
COMPARISON 4 31.2 30.2 32.8 (0.5)
32.8 1.6 .uparw.
33.5 32.3 34.7 (1.2)
34.7 1.2 .uparw.
COMPARISON 5 32.6 32.1 33.1 (0.5)
32.8 0.2 .uparw.
34.3 34.0 35.2 (0.9)
34.6 0.3 .uparw.
COMPARISON 6 31.6 32.0 32.6 (1.0)
32.6 1.0 .uparw.
33.7 34.0 34.2 (0.5)
34.2 0.5 .uparw.
______________________________________
[A] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
BEFORE PUTTING ON
[B] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
WEARING AND HEAT-RETAINING
/HEAT-RETAINING FOR 900 SEC.
[C] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
RIGHT AFTER TAKING OFF
[D] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
RADIATION OF HEAT/RADIATION FOR
66 SEC.
[E] .cndot. .cndot. .cndot.
OVERALL TEMPARATURE VARIATION
THE UPPER ROW:
AVERAGE TEMPARATURE (.degree.C.)
THE LOWER ROW:
MAXIMUM TEMPARATURE (.degree.C.)
( ) indicates temperature of heat-retaining effect.
Test 6
The ladies' socks of said Example 2 and Comparison 4 were respectively worn
by the same paneler on the hand, and the blood flow rate (ml/min/100 g)
was measured by the laser Doppler method (Journal of the Laser Medical
Society of Japan Vol. 12, No. 1 , 7. 1988) using the laser Doppler
rheometer (ADVANST: ALF-21) in both of retaining heat and heating by
irradiation from a lamp.
Table 6 shows the results.
TABLE 6
______________________________________
BLOOD FLOW OF FINGER
(ml/min/100 g)
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 1 23.5
24.0
COMPARISON 1 22.0
24.0
______________________________________
THE LOWER ROW.cndot. .cndot. .cndot. HEATING BY IRRADIATION FROM LAMP
AS clear from TABLE 4, in case that mixed-spinning ratio of polyurethane
elastic fiber is 6.2%, comparing ladies' socks mixed with metal oxide
(Example 2) with that not mixed with metal oxide (Comparison 4) shows that
the density and thickness are small, however small contact feeling results
in small coldness when they are put on and small steady thermal
conductivity results in small temperature variation due to the coldness of
open-air, proving a high heat-retaining ratio.
Where polyurethane elastic fiber is mixed-spun as low as 1.7% (Comparison
5), the effect is similar to that using polyurethane elastic fiber not
containing metal oxides (Comparison 6), thereby showing that
heat-retaining effect is not sufficiently manifested.
As clear from TABLE 5, where the mixed-spinning ratio of polyurethane
elastic fiber is 6.4%, in the balance of heat-retaining and heat-radiation
after putting on the socks, the socks containing metal oxides (Example 2)
provide an overall temperature variation difference that is 0.2.degree. C.
higher on average and 1.1.degree. C. higher on maximum than that of socks
not containing metal oxides (Comparison 4), thereby showing higher
heat-retaining effect.
On the contrary, where the mixed-spinning ratio of polyurethane elastic
fiber is low (Comparisons 5 and 6), the heat-retaining effect by wearing
socks is not manifested.
As clear from TABLE 6, the socks of Example 2 tend to increase the blood
flow rate by heat-retaining as compared to the socks of Comparison 4.
Example 3
The 15% polyurethane elastic fiber containing metal oxides comprising
alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), silica (SiO.sub.2), titania (TiO.sub.2), and
platinum (Pt) in the ratio 10:82:3:5 is mixed-spun with 85% cotton to make
fiber.
Example 4
The 18% polyurethane elastic fiber same as said Example 3 are mixed-spun
with 82% cotton to make fiber.
Example 5
The 28% polyurethane elastic fiber same as said Example 3 are mixed-spun
with 72% cotton into fiber.
Example 6
The 50% polyurethane elastic fiber same as said Example 3 are mixed-spun
with 50% staple fiber to make fiber.
Example 7
The 17% polyurethane elastic fiber same as said Example 3 are mixed-spun
with 83% nylon to make fiber.
Test 7
For the fiber obtained by Examples 3 through 7, spectral emissivity was
measured.
Measuring conditions are the wavelength range: 4.5-20.0 .mu.m; resolution:
16 cm.sup.-1 ; detector: wide-range MCT; measuring temperature: 33.degree.
C. for surface temperature of texture; measuring position and time: four
times in total, each once at two different positions and twice at the same
position.
FIGS. 1 through 5 show the obtained relevant spectral emissivity.
As clear from the obtained spectral emissivity, in the fiber obtained in
Examples 3 through 7, electromagnetic radiation (far infrared radiation)
with wavelengths about 5-12 microns to be effective for human bodies are
emitted even at the comparatively low temperature range of 33.degree. C.
Effects of the Invention
As described above in detail, because the present invention relates to
knitting and textile for underwear, socks and stockings comprising fiber
containing metal, which is characterized in comprising fiber material
mixed-spun with 2-50% polyurethane elastic fiber, to which at least
platinum and one metal oxides selected from the group consisting of
alumina, silica, and titania are mixed as essential components, bulkiness
of the underwear, the socks and the stockings is nominal and agreeable
wear comfort such as flexibility and expandability is ensured when they
are put on, and at the same time because electromagnetic radiation (far
infrared radiation) by metal oxides is emitted in close contact with the
wearer by making use of the expandability of polyurethane elastic fiber,
as clear from the results of said tests, electromagnetic radiation (far
infrared radiation) is permitted to work effectively on contact when they
are put on and provides good thermal conductivity while it is worn,
enabling manifestation of an extremely excellent heat-retaining effect.
* * * * *
|
|
 |
|
 |
Description |
|
