Recording and reproducing apparatus - Patent Review 5473584

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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to an apparatus for recording and reproducing information on and from a recording medium.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Japanese published unexamined patent applications 56-163536, 57-6446, 57-212642, and 60-70543 disclose a recording medium having both a magnetic recording portion and an optical recording portion.

Japanese published unexamined patent application 2-179951 discloses a recording medium which has an optical recording portion and a magnetic recording portion at opposite sides thereof respectively. Japanese patent application 2-179951 also discloses an apparatus which includes an optical head facing the optical recording portion of the recording medium for reading out information from the optical recording portion, a magnetic head facing the magnetic recording portion of the recording medium for recording and reproducing information into and from the magnetic recording portion, and a mechanism for moving at least one of the optical head and the magnetic head in accordance with rotation of the recording medium. In the apparatus of Japanese patent application 2-179951, during the processing of the information read out from the magnetic recording portion, a decision is made as to whether or not the information recorded on the optical recording portion is necessary, and a step of reading out the information from the optical recording portion is executed when the information on the optical recording portion is decided to be necessary.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved recording and reproducing apparatus.

A first aspect of this invention provides a recording and reproducing apparatus for use with a disk-shaped recording medium which includes a transparent substrate and an optical recording layer formed on the transparent substrate, the apparatus comprising a light source for emitting light; an optical head for applying the light to the optical recording layer from the light source via the transparent substrate, for focusing the light on the optical recording layer, and for reproducing information from the optical recording layer; a position detecting means for detecting at least one of a pit depth and a physical position of information which has a first given relation with a specified address and which is recorded on the recording medium, and for generating first positional information representing at least said one of the pit depth and the physical position; a reproducing means for reproducing a previously-recorded secret code from the recording medium, the secret code representing second positional information, and for decoding the secret code into the second positional information, the second positional information representing at least one of a predetermined reference pit depth and a predetermined reference physical position; a collating means for collating the first positional information and the second positional information, and for checking whether or not the first positional information and the second positional information are in a second given relation; and a stopping means for, in cases where the first positional information and the second positional information are not in the second given relation, stopping at least one of outputting of a reproduced signal of the recording medium, operation of a program stored in the recording medium, and decoding of the secret code.

A second aspect of this invention provides a recording and reproducing apparatus for use with a disk-shaped recording medium which includes a transparent substrate, and an optical recording layer and a magnetic recording layer formed on the transparent substrate, the apparatus comprising a light source for emitting light; an optical head for applying the light to the optical recording layer from the light source via the transparent substrate, for focusing the light on the optical recording layer, and for reproducing information from the optical recording layer; a magnetic head for recording a signal on the magnetic recording layer or reproducing a signal from the magnetic recording layer; a position detecting means for detecting a position of an address information recorded on the recording medium, and for generating first positional information representing said detected position of the address information; a reproducing means for reproducing a previously-recorded secret code from the recording medium, the secret code representing second positional information, and for decoding the secret code into the second positional information, the second positional information representing a predetermined reference position; a collating means for collating the first positional information and the second positional information, and for checking whether or not the first positional information and the second positional information are in a given relation; and a stopping means for, in cases where the first positional information and the second positional information are not in the given relation, stopping at least one of outputting of a reproduced signal of the recording medium, operation, and decoding of the secret code.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a first embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an optical recording head portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a head portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a head portion in the first embodiment as viewed in a tracking direction.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a magnetic head portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a timing chart of magnetic recording in the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a recording medium in the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a recording medium in the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a recording medium in the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a recording portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a recording portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a recording portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a recording portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a recording portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a cassette in the first embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the first embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a game machine in the first embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a second embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of a magnetic head portion in the second embodiment.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of a magnetic head portion in the second embodiment.

FIG. 22 is an enlarged view of a magnetic head portion in the second embodiment.

FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of a recording portion in a third embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 24 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 25 is an enlarged view of a magnetic recording portion in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 26 is an enlarged view of a magneto-optical recording portion in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a sectional view of a recording portion in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 28 is a flowchart of a program in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a flowchart of a program in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 30(a) is a sectional view of conditions where a magneto-optical disk is placed in an operable position in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 30(b) is a sectional view of conditions where a CD is placed in an operable position in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 31 is an enlarged view of a magneto-optical recording portion in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 32 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 33 is an enlarged view of a magnetic recording portion in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 34 is an enlarged view of a magneto-optical recording portion in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 35 is an enlarged view of a magneto-optical recording portion in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 36 is an enlarged view of a magnetic recording portion in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 37 is an enlarged view of a magneto-optical recording portion in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 38 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 39 is a block diagram of a magnetic recording portion in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 40 is an enlarged view of a magnetic field modulating portion in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 41 is a top view of a magnetic recording portion in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 42 is a top view of a magnetic recording portion in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 43 is an enlarged view of a magnetic recording portion in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 44 is an enlarged view of a magnetic field modulating portion in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 45(a) is a top view of a disk cassette in a seventh embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 45(b) is a top view of a disk cassette in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 46(a) is a top view of a disk cassette in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 46(b) is a top view of a disk cassette in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 47(a) is a top view of a disk cassette in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 47(b) is a top view of a disk cassette in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 48(a) is a top view of a disk cassette in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 48(b) is a top view of a disk cassette in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 49(a) is a top view of a liner and a portion around the liner in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 49(b) is a top view of a liner and a portion around the liner in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 49(c) is a top view of a liner and a portion around the liner in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 50(a) is a top view of a liner and a portion around the liner in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 50(b) is a top view of a liner and a portion around the liner in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 50(c) is a transversely sectional view of a liner portion in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 50(d) is a transversely sectional view of a disk cassette in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 51 is a transversely sectional view of conditions where liner pin insertion is off in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 52 is a transversely sectional view of conditions where liner pin insertion is on in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 53(a) is a transversely sectional view of conditions where liner pin insertion is off in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 53(b) is a transversely sectional view of conditions where liner pin insertion is on in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 54(a) is a transversely sectional view of conditions where magnetic head mounting is off in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 54(b) is a transversely sectional view of conditions where head mounting is on in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 55(a) is a transversely sectional view of conditions where magnetic head mounting is off in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 55(b) is a transversely sectional view of conditions where magnetic head mounting is on in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 56 is a top view of a recording medium in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 57(a) is a transversely sectional view of conditions where liner pin insertion is off in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 57(b) is a transversely sectional view of conditions where liner pin insertion is on in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 58 is a sectional view of a liner pin front portion which assumes an off state in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 59 is a sectional view of a liner pin front portion which assumes an on state in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 60 is a transversely sectional view of a liner pin which assumes an off state in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 61 is a transversely sectional view of a liner pin which assumes an on state in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 62 is a sectional view of a front portion in the case where a liner pin is off in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 63 is a sectional view of a front portion in the case where a liner pin is on in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 64 is a sectional view of a front portion in the case where a liner pin is off in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 65 is a sectional view of a front portion in the case where a liner pin is on in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 66 is a sectional view of a front portion in the case where a liner pin is off in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 67 is a sectional view of a front portion in the case where a liner pin is off and is inactive in the seventh embodiment.

FIG. 68(a) is a top view of a disk cassette in an eighth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 68(b) is a top view of a disk cassette in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 69(a) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is off in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 69(b) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is on in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 70(a) is a top view of a disk cassette in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 70(b) is a top view of a disk cassette in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 70(c) is a top view of a disk cassette in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 71 is a transversely sectional view of a liner pin and a disk cassette in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 72(a) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 72(b) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where a conventional cassette is placed in an operable position in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 73(a) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is off in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 73(b) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is on in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 74(a) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is off in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 74(b) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is on in the eighth embodiment.

FIG. 75 is a top view of a disk cassette in a ninth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 76 is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is off in the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 77 is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is on in the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 78(a) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is off in the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 78(b) is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a liner pin in the case where liner pin insertion is on in the ninth embodiment.

FIG. 79(a) is an illustration of a tracking principle which occurs in the absence of correction in a tenth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 79(b) is an illustration of a tracking principle which occurs in the absence of correction in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 80(a) is a view of tracking conditions of an optical head in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 80(b) is a view of tracking conditions of an optical head in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 81(a) is an illustration of an offset mount of an optical track on a disk in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 81(b) is an illustration of an offset mount of an optical track on a disk in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 81(c) is an illustration of a tracking error signal in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 82(a) is a view of tracking conditions of an optical head which occur in the absence of correction in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 82(b) is a view of tracking conditions of an optical head which occur in the presence of correction in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 83 is an illustration of a reference track in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 84(a) is a side view of a slider in the case of an ON state in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 84(b) is a side view of a slider in the case of an OFF state in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 85(a) is a side view of a slider portion in the case where magnetic recording is OFF in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 85(b) is a side view of a slider portion in the case where magnetic recording is ON in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 86 is an illustration of the correspondence relation between an address and a position on a disk in the tenth embodiment.

FIG. 87 is a block diagram of a magnetic recording portion in an eleventh embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 88(a) is a transversely sectional view of a magnetic head in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 88(b) is a bottom view of a magnetic head in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 88(c) is a bottom view of another magnetic head in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 89 is an illustration of a spiral-shaped recording format in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 90 is an illustration of a recording format of a guard band in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 91 is an illustration of a data structure in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 92(a) is a timing chart of recording in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 92(b) is a timing chart of simultaneous recording by two heads in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 93 is a block diagram of a reproducing portion in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 94 is an illustration of a data arrangement in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 95 is a flowchart of traverse control in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 96 is an illustration of a cylindrical recording format in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 97 is an illustration of the relation between a traverse gear rotation number and a radius in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 98 is an illustration of an optical recording surface format in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 99 is an illustration of a recording format in the presence of compatibility with a lower level apparatus in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 100 is an illustration of the correspondence relation between an optical recording surface and a magnetic recording surface in the eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 101 is a perspective view of a recording medium in a twelfth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 102 is a perspective view of a recording medium in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 103 is a transversely sectional view of a recording medium which occurs at film forming and printing steps in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 104 is a transversely sectional view of a recording medium which occurs at film forming and printing steps in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 105 is a perspective view of a manufacturing system in a state corresponding to an application step in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 106 is a transversely sectional view of a recording medium at application and transfer steps in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 107 is an illustration of steps of manufacturing a recording medium in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 108 is a transversely sectional view of a recording medium at application and transfer steps in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 109 is a perspective view of a manufacturing system in a state corresponding to an application step in the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 110 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a thirteenth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 111 is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 112 is an illustration of the relation between a head gap length and an attenuation amount (dB) in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 113 is a top view of a magnetic track in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 114 is a transversely sectional view of a portion around a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 115 is a transversely sectional view of conditions where a recording medium is placed in an operable position.

FIG. 116 is an illustration of the relation between a relative noise amount and a distance between an optical head and a magnetic head in the twelfth and thirteenth embodiments.

FIG. 117 is a transverse sectional view of a head traverse portion in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 118 is a top view of a head traverse portion in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 119 is a transversely sectional view of another head traverse portion in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 120 is a transversely sectional view of another head traverse portion in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 121 is an illustration of the intensities of magnetic fields generated by various home-use appliances.

FIG. 122 is an illustration of a recording format on a recording medium in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 123 is an illustration of a recording format on a recording medium in a normal mode in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 124 is an illustration of a recording format on a recording medium in a variable track pitch mode in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 125 is an illustration of compressing magnetic recorded information by using a reference table of optical recorded information in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 126 is a transversely sectional view of a head traverse portion in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 127 is a flowchart of a recording and reproducing program in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 128 is a flowchart of a recording and reproducing program in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 129(a) is an illustration of a noise detecting head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 129(b) is an illustration of a noise detecting head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 129(c) is an illustration of a noise detecting head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 130 is an illustration of a magnetic sensor in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 131 is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a fourteenth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 132 is a time-domain diagram of various signals in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 133 is a perspective view of a cartridge for an optical recording medium in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 134 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 135 is a time-domain diagram of various signals in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 136 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a fifteenth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 137(a) is a perspective view of the fifteenth embodiment in which a cartridge is inserted into the apparatus.

FIG. 137(b) is a perspective view of the fifteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is fixed.

FIG. 137(c) is a perspective view of the fifteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is ejected from the apparatus.

FIG. 138(a) is a perspective view of the fifteenth embodiment in which a cartridge is inserted into the apparatus.

FIG. 138(b) is a perspective view of the fifteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is fixed.

FIG. 138(c) is a perspective view of the fifteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is ejected from the apparatus.

FIG. 139(a) is a sectional view of the fifteenth embodiment in which a cartridge is inserted into the apparatus.

FIG. 139(b) is a sectional view of the fifteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is fixed.

FIG. 139(c) is a sectional view of the fifteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is ejected from the apparatus.

FIG. 140 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus according to a sixteenth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 141(a) is a perspective view of the sixteenth embodiment in which a cartridge is inserted into the apparatus.

FIG. 141(b) is a perspective view of the sixteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is fixed.

FIG. 141(c) is a perspective view of the sixteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is ejected from the apparatus.

FIG. 142(a) is a perspective view of the sixteenth embodiment in which a cartridge is inserted into the apparatus.

FIG. 142(b) is a perspective view of the sixteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is fixed.

FIG. 142(c) is a perspective view of the sixteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is ejected from the apparatus.

FIG. 143(a) is a sectional view of the sixteenth embodiment in which a cartridge is inserted into the apparatus.

FIG. 143(b) is a sectional view of the sixteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is fixed.

FIG. 143(c) is a sectional view of the sixteenth embodiment in which the cartridge is ejected from the apparatus.

FIG. 144(a) is a diagram of a part of an apparatus for making a recording medium in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 144(b) is a diagram of a part of an apparatus for making a recording medium in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 145(a) is a top view of a recording medium in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 145(b) is a top view of a recording medium in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 145(c) is a top view of a recording medium in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 146(a) is a sectional view of a recording medium in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 146(b) is a sectional view of a recording medium in the fourteenth embodiment.

FIG. 147 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to a seventeenth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 148 is a flowchart of a program in the seventeenth embodiment.

FIG. 149 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an eighteenth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 150 is a flowchart of a program in the eighteenth embodiment.

FIG. 151 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to a nineteenth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 152 is a diagram of an optical address table and a magnetic address table in a recording medium in the nineteenth embodiment.

FIG. 153 is a block diagram of an apparatus in the nineteenth embodiment.

FIG. 154(a) is a diagram of an address table of an optical file and a magnetic file in the nineteenth embodiment.

FIG. 154(b) is a diagram of an address link table between two files in the nineteenth embodiment.

FIG. 155 is a sectional view of an optical recording medium in the nineteenth embodiment.

FIG. 156 is a flowchart of operation of starting up an optical disk in the nineteenth embodiment.

FIG. 157(a) is a flowchart of a program in a twentieth embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 157(b) is a diagram of an address data table of a magnetic file and an optical file in the twentieth embodiment.

FIG. 157(c) is a block diagram of a bug correcting portion in the twentieth embodiment.

FIG. 158(a) is a flowchart of a program in a twenty-first embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 158(b) is a diagram of a data correction table in the twenty-first embodiment.

FIG. 158(c) is a block diagram of a bug correcting portion in the twenty-first embodiment.

FIG. 159 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to a twenty-second embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 160 is a diagram of a file structure in a computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 161 is a flowchart of a program in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 162 is a flowchart of a program in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 163 is a flowchart of a program in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 164(a) is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 164(b) is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 164(c) is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 164(d) is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 165 is an illustration of a display screen of a computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 166(a) is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 166(b) is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 166(c) is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 166(d) is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 167(a) is an illustration of a display screen of a sub computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 167(b) is an illustration of a display screen of a sub computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 168 is a diagram of a network in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 169 is an illustration of a display screen of a main computer in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 170 is an illustration of a display screen of a computer in the seventeenth embodiment.

FIG. 171 is a diagram of a recording medium in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 172(a) is a perspective view of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 172(b) is a sectional view of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 172(c) is a sectional view Of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 173(a) is a perspective view of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 173(b) is a sectional view of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 174(a) is a perspective view of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 174(b) is a sectional view of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 175(a) is a perspective view of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 175(b) is a sectional view of a magnetic head in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 176(a) is a perspective view of a noise detection coil in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 176(b) is a sectional view of a noise detection coil in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 177(a) is a perspective view of a noise detection coil in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 177(b) is a block diagram of a noise detection system in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 178(a) is a perspective view of a noise detection coil in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 178(b) is a block diagram of a noise detection system in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 179 is a diagram of frequency spectrums of reproduced signals which occur before and after noise cancel in the thirteenth embodiment.

FIG. 180 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-second embodiment.

FIG. 181 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus acceding to a twenty-third embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 182(a) is a top view of the recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 182(b) is a top view of the recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 183(a) is a sectional view of the recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 183(b) is a sectional view of the recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 183(c) is a sectional view of the recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 183(d) is a sectional view of the recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 183(e) is a sectional view of the recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 184(a) is a diagram of a data structure in a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 184(b) is a diagram of a data structure in a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 184(c) is a diagram of a data structure in a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 185(a) is a top view of a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 185(b) is a sectional view of a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 185(c) is a sectional view of a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 185(d) is a sectional view of a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 185(e) is a sectional view of a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 186(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 186(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 186(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 186(d) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 186(e) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 187(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 187(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 187(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 187(d) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 187(e) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 188(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 188(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 188(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 188(d) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 188(e) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 188(fi is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 189(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 189(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 189(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 189(d) is a diagram of mathematical relations for calculating a track pitch in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 190 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 191(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 191(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 191(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 191(d) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 191(e) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 192(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 192(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 192(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 192(d) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 192(e) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 193(a) is a top view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 193(b) is a top view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 194(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 194(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 194(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 194(d) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 194(e) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 195 is a diagram of the relation between a distance from a magnetic head and the intensity of a dc magnetic field.

FIG. 196(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 196(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 196(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 197 is a top view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 198(a) is a sectional view of a magnetic head in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 198(b) is a top view of a magnetic head in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 198(c) is a sectional view of a magnetic head in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 198(d) is a top view of a magnetic head in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 199(a) is a top view of a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 199(b) is a top view of a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 199(c) is a sectional view of a recording medium in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 200 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 201(a) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 201(b) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 201(c) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 201(d) is a sectional view of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the twenty-third embodiment.

FIG. 202 is a block diagram of a recording and reproducing apparatus in the first embodiment.

FIG. 203(a) is a diagram of the distribution of the frequencies of occurrence of periods T, 1.5T, and 2T in the first embodiment.

FIG. 203(b) is a diagram of the distribution of the frequencies of occurrence of periods T, 1.5T, and 2T in the first embodiment.

FIG. 204 is a diagram of the relation between the maximum burst correctio