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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(1) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a printed
circuit board, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a
printed circuit board having electrodes on an end face of a substrate.
(2) Description of the Related Art
As a conventional method for manufacturing a printed circuit board, a
technology well known (hereinafter referred to as a first prior art) is
one in which a substrate having through-holes formed therein is cut at a
plane passing through the through-holes by means of metal press or router
cutting processes whereby the end face through-holes are formed with each
of the internal portions of the through-holes being exposed in a
semi-circular form at an outer end face of the printed circuit board.
Another technology (hereinafter referred to as a second prior art) which is
an improvement of the first prior art has been disclosed in Japanese
Patent Application Kokai Publication Hei 3-187292. FIGS. 1A and 1B are
diagrams for use in explaining the method disclosed in that publication.
FIG. 1A is a sectional view taken along a line 1A--1A in FIG. 1B. As shown
therein, first, a substrate 5 prepared by a known method is copper plated
6 and resin 8 is filled in a through-hole 7 therein. Then, as seen in
FIGS. 2A and 2B (FIG. 2A being a sectional view taken along a line 2A--2A
in FIG. 2B), the substrate 5 is cut into two halves in a plane passing
through the through-hole 7 by using such means as metal press or router
processes. Thereafter, as seen in FIGS. 3A and 3B (FIG. 3A being a
sectional view taken along a line 3A-3A in FIG. 8B), the resin 8 present
in the end face through-hole 7 is removed using chemicals. According to
this method, since the resin 8 exists in the through-hole 7 during the
cutting process, it is possible to prevent the plated layer 6 from being
damaged or peeled off.
However, the conventional methods for manufacturing the printed circuit
board explained above suffer from the problems as follows:
(1) During the cutting process with the first prior art technology where
use is made of the metal press, the plated layer on the inner wall of the
through-hole is pulled down vertically along the through-hole so that the
plated layer develops burrs pointing downward from the bottom of the end
face through-hole and also there are possibilities for the land in the
direction underneath the press to be damaged and for the plated layer to
be peeled off.
(2) Also, during the cutting process with the first prior art technology
where use is made of the router process, the plated layer on an inner wall
of the through-hole is pulled laterally along the through-hole so that the
plated layer develops burrs from the side of the end face through-hole and
also there are possibilities for the plated layer to be peeled off from
the inner well of the through-hole.
(3) In the method for manufacturing a printed circuit board disclosed in
Japanese Patent Application Kokai Publication No. Hei 3-187292, phenomena
such as the damaging of or the peeling-off from the through-hole do not
occur because the cutting process is carried out with the inside of the
through-hole being filled with the resin. However, as seen in FIGS. 2A and
2B, because the end portion of the end face through-hole is subjected to
the cutting process, the burrs do develop in the same way as in the first
prior art technology. FIG. 4 shows the state in which the burrs 10 develop
when the metal press is used for the cutting.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is, therefore, to overcome the problems
existing in the prior art and to provide an improved method for
manufacturing a printed circuit board which is free from the development
of burrs in a conductive layer or peeling off thereof.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for
manufacturing a printed circuit board having an electrode on an end
surface of a substrate, the method comprising the steps of:
forming a hole at a predetermined position of a laminate board whose two
surfaces are copper plated;
filling in the hole with copper paste;
forming a circuit pattern such that a copper foil portion remains only in
one half of the hole; and
etching away an exposed region of the substrate.
The method may further comprise a step of copper plating the copper foil
portion and the copper paste portion so that these portions are
integrated.
In the method for manufacturing a printed circuit board according to the
invention, the end face of the end face through-hole is formed by an
etching process so that it is possible to obtain an end face through-hole
which is free from the development of burrs in and the peeling off of a
conductor. Also, since the copper foil portion and the copper paste
portion are integrated by copper plating, it is possible to enhance the
adhering property of the copper paste.
The method for manufacturing a printed circuit board according to the
invention produces the following advantageous effects:
(1) Because no mechanical process is used in the formation of the end face
through-hole, it is possible to obtain the end face through-hole which is
free from the development of burrs in or peeling off of a conductive
layer.
(2) Because the conductor (formed as a thick conductive layer) formed in a
cylindrical shape is present at the end face unlike in the conventional
configuration of the through-hole in which the inside of the hole is
exposed in a semi-cylindrical shape at the end face of the printed circuit
board, it is possible to obtain the side face electrodes in which the
reliability is ensured.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present
invention will be apparent from the following description of preferred
embodiments of the invention explained with reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining a conventional method for manufacturing the printed circuit
board, FIG. 1A being a sectional view taken along a line 1A in FIG. 1B,
and FIG. 1B being a plan view thereof;
FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining a conventional method for manufacturing the printed circuit
board, FIG. 2A being a sectional view taken along a line 2A--2A in FIG.
2B, end FIG. 2B being a plan view thereof;
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining a conventional method for manufacturing the printed circuit
board, FIG. 3A being a sectional view taken along a line 3A--3A in FIG. 3B
and FIG. 3B being a plan view thereof;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional printed circuit board;
FIGS. 5A end 5B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining a first embodiment of a method for manufacturing the
printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG. 5A being a plan
view thereof and FIG. 5B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the first embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG.
6A being a plan view thereof and FIG. 6B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the first embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG.
7A being a plan view thereof end FIG. 7B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the first embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG.
8A being a plan view thereof and FIG. 8B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the first embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG.
9A being a plan view thereof end FIG. 9B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining a second embodiment of a method for manufacturing the
printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG. 10A being a plan
view thereof and FIG. 10B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the second embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG.
11A being a plan view thereof and FIG. 11B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 12A and 12B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the second embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG.
12A being a plan view thereof and FIG. 12B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 13A and 13B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the second embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG.
13A being a plan view thereof and FIG. 13B being a sectional view thereof;
FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the second embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention, FIG.
14A being a plan view thereof and FIG. 14B being a sectional view thereof;
and
FIGS. 15A and 15B are diagrams of a portion of a printed circuit board used
for explaining further the second embodiment of the method for
manufacturing the printed circuit board according to the invention. FIG.
15A being a plan view thereof and FIG. 15B being a sectional view thereof.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Now, preferred embodiments of the invention are explained with reference to
the drawings.
FIGS. 5A and 5B-FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams used for explaining a first
embodiment of the method for manufacturing a printed circuit board
according to the invention, all of Figures A being plan views thereof and
all of Figures B being sectional views thereof.
As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a hole 2 is made at a predetermined location,
by using a tool such as a drill, in a laminate 1 whose two surfaces are
copper plated. The copper plated laminate 1 is not limited to being only
of this form, and it may also be a multi-layer laminate board. Also, the
substrate material is not limited to any particular material as it may
employ an epoxy material (resin having an epoxy radical impregnated into
glass cloth), a polyimide material (polymerized resin having a polyimide
radical impregnated into glass cloth), etc. In this embodiment, where the
epoxy material is used, the thickness of the board is 0.8 mm and the
diameter of the drill is 0.50 mm. However, there are no limitations to the
substrate material, the thickness of the board and the diameter of the
drill.
Next, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the hole 2 is filled with the copper
paste 3 by using a filling device, etc.
Then, as seen FIGS. 7A end 7B, by a method such as a tenting method using a
dry film, the copper foil which exists on both surfaces of the copper
plated laminate 1 of the substrate portion 5 that is removed at a later
process step is removed at a position dividing the hole into two halves
(i.e. the position where the metal resist 4 does not exist in FIG. 7A). In
the other half of the hole (where the metal resist 4 exists in FIG. 7A),
there remains the copper foil where circuits (circuit patterns) are
formed. The portion of the copper foil that remains in place serves as the
metal resist 4 for the etching of the substrate during the process step to
follow.
Then, as shown in FIGS. 8A end 8B, the substrate portion 5 that was exposed
by the circuit formation step of the process is etched out. In this
embodiment, where en epoxy material is used as the substrate material, the
etching is carried out by repeating the dipping thereof into permanganic
acid solution.fwdarw.hydrofluoric acid solution .fwdarw.permanganic acid
solution whereby the substrate portion 5 exposed by the circuit formation
step (FIG. 7A) is etched away. The permanganic acid solution used here
dissolves the resin portion of the substrate material. The concentration
of the permanganic acid solution differs depending on kinds of the
materials, but in this embodiment it was set to 80 g/l and 10 minutes for
each dip at 75.degree. C. The hydrofluoric acid solution dissolves a glass
cloth portion of the substrate material. The concentration thereof differs
depending on the amount of the cloth, but in this embodiment it was set to
45 volume % and 5 minutes for each dip at 50.degree. C.
Further, where a polyimide material is used as the substrate material, the
substrate portion is dissolved by caustic soda and the glass cloth portion
is dissolved by hydrofluoric acid solution.
Then, as seen in FIGS. 9A and 9B, circuit patterns are formed using an
electrostatic deposition (ED) process, etc. whereby the printed circuit
board according to the invention is obtained.
In the method according to this embodiment, no mechanical process is used
for the formation of the end face through-hole, it is possible to obtain a
printed circuit board which is free from the burrs to develop at side
surfaces or from the conductive layer to be peeled off inside the
through-hole.
FIGS. 10A and 10B-FIGS. 15A and 15B are diagrams used for explaining a
second embodiment of the method for manufacturing a printed circuit board
according to the invention, all of Figures A being plan views thereof and
all of Figures B being sectional views thereof.
As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, a hole 2 is made at a predetermined
location, by using a tool such as a drill, in a laminate 1 whose two
surfaces are copper plated. The copper plated laminate 1 is not limited to
being only of this form, and it may be a multi-layer laminate board. Also,
the substrate material is not limited to any particular material as it may
employ an epoxy material, a polyimide material, etc. In this embodiment,
where the epoxy material is used, the thickness of the board is 0.8 mm and
the diameter of the drill is 0.50 mm. However, there are no limitations to
the substrate material, the thickness of the board end the diameter of the
drill.
Next, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the hole 2 is filled with the copper
paste 3 by using a filling device, etc.
Then, as seen FIGS. 12A and 12B, by a method such as a tenting method using
a dry film, the copper foil which exists on both surfaces of the copper
plated laminate 1 of the substrate portion 5 that is removed at a later
process step is removed at a position dividing the hole into two halves.
The copper foil remaining is used for forming circuit patterns and used as
the metal resist 4 for the etching of the substrate during the process
step to follow.
Then, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the substrate portion 5 that was
exposed by the circuit formation step of the process is etched out. In
this embodiment, since en epoxy material is used as the substrate
material, the etching is carried out by repeating the dipping thereof into
permanganic acid solution.fwdarw.hydrofluoric acid solution
.fwdarw.permanganic acid solution whereby the substrate portion 5 exposed
during the circuit formation step (FIG. 12A) is etched away. The
permanganic acid solution used here dissolves the resin portion of the
substrate material. The concentration of the permanganic acid solution
differs depending on kinds of the materials, but in this embodiment it was
set to 80 g/l and 10 minutes for each dip at 75.degree. C. The
hydrofluoric acid solution dissolves a glass cloth portion of the
substrate material. The concentration thereof differs depending on the
amount of the cloth, but in this embodiment it was set to 45 volume % and
5 minutes for each dip at 50.degree. C. Further, where a polyimide
material is used as the substrate material, the substrate portion is
dissolved by caustic soda and the glass cloth portion is dissolved by
hydrofluoric acid solution.
Then, as shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the thick electro-plated copper layer
is provided on the exposed surface. The thickness of the copper layer is
not limited to any particular value, but in this embodiment the thickness
was set to 20 .mu.m.
Next, as seen in FIGS. 15A and 15B, circuits are formed using an
electrostatic deposition (ED) process, etc. whereby the printed circuit
board according to the invention is obtained.
In this embodiment, the advantage is, in addition to the advantage achieved
in the first embodiment, that the adhering property at the copper paste
portion is enhanced because the copper foil portion and the copper paste
portion are integrated by the copper layer.
While the invention has been described in its preferred embodiments, it is
to be understood that the words which have been used are words of
description rather than limitation and that changes within the purview of
the appended claims may be made without departing from the true scope and
spirit of the invention in its broader aspects.
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