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Echo canceller    
United States Patent5500892   
Link to this pagehttp://www.wikipatents.com/5500892.html
Inventor(s)Essig; Daniel L. (La Jolla, CA)
AbstractAnalog signals representing individual digital values (+3, +1, -1, -3) of data pass through a telephone line to a receiver. These signals may first be provided in a pseudo random sequence. A linear echo canceller and a first adder at the receiver simultaneously eliminate, to some extent, echo signals resulting from second analog signals transmitted through the telephone line by the receiver. A non-linear echo canceller and a second adder further significantly reduce the echo signals and specifically reduce non-linear components in the echo signals. Adjustable signal delays achieve optimal performance of the linear and non-linear echo cancellers. In one inventive embodiment, each echo canceller includes a memory which stores, for each terminal in such echo canceller, data representing (a) the pseudo random sequence and (b) coefficients for adjusting the signals in such sequence. Such data for each terminal in such echo canceller is recorded in the memory for introduction to the next terminal in the memory. For each terminal in such echo canceller, the signals representing the data for the coefficient and the output from the associated adder are processed to determine an adjusted value of such coefficient for storage in the memory and for use in the next cycle of processing. The adjusted coefficient value and the data stored in the memory for such terminal are processed to produce signals for introduction to the associated adder. The signals from the second adder are processed to restore the data transmitted through the telephone line to the receiver.
   














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Inventor     Essig; Daniel L. (La Jolla, CA)
Owner/Assignee     Brooktree Corporation (San Diego, CA)
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Publication Date     March 19, 1996
Application Number     08/195,267
PAIR File History     Application Data   Transaction History
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Litigation
Filing Date     February 14, 1994
US Classification     379/345 379/402 379/406.06
Int'l Classification     H04B 003/23
Examiner     Hofsass; Jeffery A.
Assistant Examiner     Saint-Surin; Jacques M.
Attorney/Law Firm     Roston; Ellsworth R. Schwartz; Charles H. ,
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Priority Data    
USPTO Field of Search     379/345 379/402 379/406 379/407 379/410 379/411 379/412
Patent Tags     echo canceller
   
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5371789
Hirano
379/406.08
Dec,1994

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5272695
Makino
370/291
Dec,1993

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5148427
Buttle
370/291
Sep,1992

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4782525
Sylvain
379/406.08
Nov,1988

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4771463
Beeman
380/46
Sep,1988

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4686703
Bruno
379/406.08
Aug,1987

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Ardalan
379/406.05
Jun,1987

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I claim:

1. Apparatus for use at a receiver for receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog levels and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter back to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random code different from the first pseudo random code, including,

first means at the receiver for converting the analog signals received in the first and second pseudo random codes from the transmitter to digital signals representing the analog signals,

second means at the receiver for providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

third means at the receiver, the third means being responsive to the digital signals from the second means and to the digital signals from the first means for eliminating from the digital signals from the first means the modulated digital signals reflected in the second pseudo random code from the transmitter back to the receiver,

the second means including an echo canceller having a plurality of successive terminals and providing for a shift of the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means to the successive terminals and having adjustable coefficients at the successive terminals for adjusting the digital signals in the second pseudo random code the third means including fourth means for comparing the digital signals from the first means and the adjusted digital signals at the successive terminals in the echo canceller to obtain digital signals representing the results of such comparison and for adjusting the digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients for the successive terminals in the echo canceller in accordance with the results of such comparison, the second means further including memory means for storing the adjusted digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients at the successive terminals in the echo canceller and for storing the digital signals from the second means.

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, including,

the fourth means operating upon the adjusted digital signals stored in the memory means and representing the adjustable coefficients at the successive terminals in the echo canceller and the digital signals stored in the memory means from the second means and the digital signals from the first means to obtain the adjusted digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients at the successive terminals in the echo canceller.

3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 2, including,

the second means including fifth means for using the adjusted digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients stored in the memory means for the successive terminals in the echo canceller to obtain the adjustments in the adjustable coefficients at such successive terminals in an next introduction to the third means of the digital signals from the first means.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, including,

sixth means for integrating the adjustments in the digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients in the successive comparisons by the fourth means to obtain the adjusted digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients in the echo canceller for an introduction to the fourth means in a next comparison by the fourth means.

5. Apparatus for use at a receiver for receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog levels and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter back to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random code different from the first pseudo random code, including,

first means at the receiver for providing digital signals representing the analog signals received in the first and second pseudo random codes from the transmitter,

second means at the receiver for providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

third means at the receiver, and including a plurality of terminals each providing adjustable digital signals representing an adjustable coefficient, for adjusting the modulated digital signals from the second means in accordance with such adjustable coefficients,

fourth means at the receiver for comparing the digital signals from the first means and the signals from the plurality of terminals at the third means and for producing digital signals in accordance with such comparison to obtain adjustments in the adjustable coefficients at the third means,

fifth means responsive to the digital signals from the fourth means for adjusting the digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients at the terminals in the third means, and

memory means for storing the adjusted digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients at the different terminals in the third means for use by the fourth means in producing the digital signals providing for an adjustment the adjustable coefficients at the third means.

6. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5, including,

sixth means for storing in the memory means the modulated digital signals from the second means for adjustment of such modulated digital signals in accordance with the adjusted digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients stored in the memory means.

7. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5, including,

the fourth means providing digital signals substantially eliminating reflections of the digital signals transmitted in the second pseudo random code from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected by the transmitter to the receiver, and

sixth means responsive at the receiver to the digital signals from the fourth means for reproducing the data represented by the digital signals transmitted in the first pseudo random code from the transmitter to the receiver.

8. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5, including,

the echo canceller constituting a first echo canceller,

sixth means at the receiver, and including a second echo canceller having a second plurality of terminals less than the first plurality with each of the second terminals providing adjustable digital signals representing an adjustable coefficient, for adjusting the digital signals from the fourth means in accordance with such adjustable coefficients,

seventh means at the receiver for comparing the digital digital signals from the fourth means and the signals from the second plurality of terminals at the sixth means and for producing digital signals in accordance with such comparison to obtain adjustments in the adjustable coefficients at the terminals in the sixth means, and

eighth means responsive to the digital signals from the seventh means for adjusting the digital signals representing the adjustable coefficients at the terminals in the sixth means,

the memory means being operative to store the adjustable coefficients for the different terminals in the sixth means for use in the comparison by the seventh means.

9. Apparatus as set forth in claim 8, including,

ninth means for storing in the memory means the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means for comparison with the digital signals from the first means,

tenth means for storing in the memory means the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means,

the seventh means providing digital signals in the first pseudo random code and substantially eliminating any reflection of the digital signals transmitted in the second pseudo random code from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected by the transmitter to the receiver, and

eleventh means responsive at the receiver to the digital signals in the first pseudo random code from the seventh means for reproducing the data represented by such digital signals.

10. Apparatus for use at a receiver for receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog levels and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter back to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random code different from the first pseudo random code, including,

first means at the receiver for providing digital signals representing the analog signals received in the first and second pseudo random codes from the transmitter,

second means at the receiver for providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

third means including an echo canceller for receiving from the second means the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code, the third means having a plurality of terminals each providing digital signals representing an individual coefficient,

memory means for storing the digital signals representing the individual coefficients at the different terminals in the third means,

fourth means for adjusting the modulated digital signals from the second means in accordance with the digital signals stored in the memory means for the individual coefficients at the different terminals in the third means,

fifth means for comparing the digital signals in the first pseudo random code from the first means and the adjusted modulated digital signals from the fourth means and for producing signals representing the differences in such comparison, and

sixth means responsive to the signals representing the differences in the comparison from the fifth means and the digital signals from the memory means in representation of the individual coefficients at the different terminals in the third means for providing digital signals representing adjusted values of the adjustable coefficients at the different terminals in the third means and for storing such digital signals in the memory means for introduction to the fifth means in the operation of the fifth means in producing the digital signals representing the differences in the comparison.

11. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10, including,

seventh means for storing in the memory means the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means and for introducing such stored signals to the fourth means for the adjustment of such modulated digital signals in accordance with the digital signals stored in the memory means for the individual coefficients at the different terminals in the third means.

12. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10, including,

seventh means responsive to the digital signals representing the differences from the fifth means for recovering the data represented by the digital signals in the first pseudo random code from the first means.

13. Apparatus as set forth in claim 12, including,

the memory means being operative to store the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means,

the sixth means including seventh means responsive to the digital signals in the memory means in representation of the modulations in the second pseudo random code and in representation of the adjustable coefficients at the terminals in the echo canceller and responsive to the digital signals representing the digital signals from the fifth means for providing,

the digital signals representing updated values of the individual coefficients at the different terminals in the third means.

14. Apparatus for use at a receiver for receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog levels and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter back to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random pattern different from the first pseudo random pattern, including,

first means for providing digital signals representing the analog signals received in the first and second pseudo random codes from the transmitter,

second means at the receiver for providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

third means including an echo canceller for receiving the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means, the third means having a plurality of terminals each providing digital signals representing an individual coefficient,

memory means for storing the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means,

fourth means for adjusting the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means in accordance with the digital signals at the terminals in the third means,

fifth means for combining the the digital signals from the fourth means and the digital signals modulated in the first and second pseudo random codes from the first means for producing digital signals representing updated values of the coefficients at the different terminals in the third means,

sixth means for storing the digital signals from the fifth means in the memory means, and

seventh means for combining the digital signals representing the updated values of the coefficients in the memory means and the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the memory means to produce updated digital signals representing the coefficients at the different terminals in the third means for introduction to the fourth means for combination with the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means.

15. Apparatus as set forth in claim 14, including,

the echo canceller in the third means constituting a first echo canceller having a first plurality of terminals each providing digital signals representing an individual coefficient,

eighth means including a second echo canceller for receiving the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means, the eighth means having a second plurality of terminals, less than the first plurality, each of the terminals in the eighth means providing digital signals representing an individual coefficient,

ninth means for adjusting the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo code from the second means in accordance with the digital signals from the terminals in the eighth means, and

tenth means for combining the adjusted digital signals from the ninth means and the digital signals from the fourth means to produce digital signals representing updated values of the individual coefficients at the different terminals in the eighth means, and

twelfth means for combining the digital signals from the tenth means and the digital signals stored in the memory means from the second means to produce digital signals representing

the ninth means being responsive to the digital signals stored in the memory means from the tenth means and the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means for providing adjustments in the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means.

16. Apparatus as set forth in claim 15, including,

thirteenth means responsive to the digital signals from the ninth means for operating upon such digital signals to provide digital signals representing the data transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver.

17. Apparatus as set forth in claim 14, including,

eighth means for processing the signals from the fourth means to provide digital signals representing the data transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver.

18. Apparatus for use at a receiver for receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog levels and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter back to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random code different from the first pseudo random code, including,

first means at the receiver for converting the analog signals received in the first and second pseudo random code from the transmitter to digital signals representing the analog signals,

second means at the receiver for providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

third means including an echo canceller for receiving the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means, the third means having a plurality of terminals each providing digital signals representing an individual coefficient, the third means being operative to adjust the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means in accordance with the digital signals representing the individual coefficients,

fourth means for processing the digital signals in the first and second pseudo random codes from the first means and the adjusted digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the third means to produce digital signals representing differences in the values of the digital signals being processed,

memory means for storing the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means upon each production of the digital signals in the first and second pseudo random codes from the first means and for storing digital signals representing the coefficients at the different terminals in the third means, and

fifth means responsive to the digital signals representing the differences from the fourth means and the stored digital signals representing the coefficients at the different terminals in the third means and the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means for producing digital signals representing updated values of the coefficients at the different terminals in the third means and for storing such produced digital signals in the memory means as the coefficients at the different terminals in the third means.

19. Apparatus as set forth in claim 18, including,

the echo canceller constituting a first echo canceller,

sixth means including a second echo canceller for receiving the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means, the sixth means having a plurality of terminals, less than the plurality of terminals in the third means, each of the terminals in the sixth means providing digital signals representing an individual coefficient, the sixth means being operative to adjust the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means in accordance with the digital signals representing the coefficients in the sixth means,

seventh means for processing the digital signals representing the differences from the fourth means and the adjusted digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the sixth means to produce digital signals representing differences in the values of the digital signals being processed,

the memory means for storing the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means upon each production of the digital signals from the fourth means and for storing digital signals representing the coefficients at the different terminals in the seventh means, and

eighth means responsive to the digital signals representing the differences from the seventh means and to the digital signals representing the coefficients from the second memory means and to the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means for producing digital signals representing updated values of the coefficients at the different terminals in the sixth means and for storing such produced digital signals in the second memory means as the coefficients at the different terminals in the sixth means.

20. Apparatus as set forth in claim 18, including,

the fifth means including sixth means for operating upon the digital signals stored in the memory means in the second pseudo random code from the second means and upon the digital signals produced in the fifth means in representation of the updated values at the different terminals in the third means and upon the digital signals representing the difference from the fourth means for providing first digital signals and including seventh means for operating upon the first digital signals and the digital signals stored in the memory means in the second pseudo random code from the second means to produce the digital signals representing the individual coefficients at the different terminals of the third means.

21. Apparatus as set forth in claim 19, including,

the fifth means including ninth means for operating upon the digital signals stored in the memory means in the second pseudo random code from the second means and the upon the digital signals produced in the fifth means in the representation of the updated values at the different terminals in the third means and upon the digital signals representing the difference from the fourth means for providing first digital signals and including tenth means for operating upon the first digital signals and the digital signals stored in the memory means in the second pseudo random code from the second means to produce the digital signals representing the updated values of the coefficients at the different terminals of the third means,

the eighth means including eleventh means for operating upon the digital signals stored in the memory means in the second pseudo random code from the second means and upon the digital signals produced in the eighth means in representation of the updated values at the different terminals in the sixth means and upon the digital signals representing the difference from the seventh means for providing second digital signals and including twelfth means for operating upon the second digital signals and the digital signals stored in the memory means in the second pseudo random code from the second means to produce the digital signals representing the individual coefficients at the different terminals of the sixth means.

22. Apparatus as recited in claim 18, including,

sixth means for operating upon the digital signals representing the differences from the fourth means for producing digital signals representing the data transmitted in the first pseudo random code from the transmitter to the receiver.

23. Apparatus as recited in claim 19, including,

ninth means for operating upon the digital signals representing the differences from the seventh means for producing digital signals representing the data transmitted in the first pseudo random code from the transmitter to the receiver.

24. Apparatus for use at a receiver for receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog levels and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter back to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random pattern different from the first pseudo random pattern, including,

first means for providing digital signals representing the analog signals received in the first and second pseudo random codes from the transmitter,

second means for providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

a first echo canceller responsive to the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means and having a first plurality of terminals with individual coefficients at such terminals for adjusting such digital signals in accordance with such individual coefficients,

third means responsive to the digital signals in the first and second random codes from the first means and the adjusted digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the first echo canceller for producing digital signals representing the difference in the digital signals from the first means and the first echo canceller,

the first echo canceller being operative to modify the digital signals representing the individual coefficients at the terminals in the first plurality in accordance with the digital signals from the third means,

a second echo canceller responsive to the digital signals in the second pseudo random code from the second means and having a second plurality of terminals, less than the first plurality, with individual coefficients at such terminals for adjusting such digital signals in accordance with such individual coefficients at the second plurality of terminals, and

fourth means responsive to the digital signals representing the difference from the third means and the adjusted digital signals from the second echo canceller for producing digital signals representing the difference in the digital signals from the third means and the second echo canceller,

the second echo canceller being operative to modify the digital signals representing the individual coefficients at the terminals in the second plurality in accordance with the digital signals from the fourth means.

25. Apparatus as set forth in claim 24 wherein

the third means combines in a first particular relationship the values represented by the digital signals in the first and second pseudo random codes from the first means and the adjusted digital signals from the first echo canceller to produce digital signals for modifying in the first echo canceler the digital signals representing the coefficients at the terminals in the first echo canceller and wherein

the fourth means combines in the second particular relationship the values represented by the digital signals from the third means and the adjusted digital signals from the second echo canceller to produce digital signals for modifying in the second echo canceler the digital signals representing the coefficients at the terminals in the second canceller.

26. Apparatus as set forth in claim 25 wherein

memory means are provided and wherein

the digital signals in the second pseudo random code are recorded in the memory means and are thereafter reproduced from the memory means for introduction to the first and second echo cancellers and wherein

the adjusted digital signals representing the individual coefficients in the first and second echo cancellers are recorded in the memory means and are thereafter reproduced from the memory means for respective introduction to the third means and the fourth means.

27. Apparatus as set forth in claim 26 wherein

the third means combines in a first particular relationship the values represented by the digital signals in the first and second pseudo random codes from the first means and the adjusted digital signals from the first echo canceller to produce digital signals for adjusting the digital signals representing the coefficients at the terminals in the first echo canceller and wherein

the fourth means combines in a second particular relationship the values represented by the digital signals from the third means and the adjusted digital signals from the second echo canceller to produce digital signals for adjusting the digital signals representing the coefficients at the terminals in the second canceller.

28. Apparatus for use at a receiver for receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog values and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter back to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random pattern different from the first pseudo random pattern, including,

first means for providing digital signals representing the analog signals received in the first and second pseudo random codes from the transmitter,

second means for providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

a memory,

third means for recording the digital signals from the second means in the memory,

an echo canceller having a plurality of terminals with individual coefficients at such terminals for modifying the digital signals in the memory in accordance with such individual coefficients,

fourth means responsive to the digital signals in the first and second pseudo random codes from the first means and the modified digital signals from the echo canceller for providing digital signals representing the difference between the digital signals from the first means and the modified digital signals from the echo canceller,

fifth means responsive to the digital signals from the fourth means and the digital signals representing the coefficients in the echo canceller for modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the echo canceller in accordance with the digital signals from the fourth means to obtain updated coefficients in the echo canceller, and

sixth means for recording in the memory the modified digital signals from the fifth means for use in the fourth means of such modified digital signals from the echo canceller in providing the digital signals representing the difference between the digital signals from the first means and the modified digital signals from the echo canceller.

29. An apparatus as set fourth in claim 28, including,

sixth means responsive to the digital signals from the fourth means for recovering the data represented by the analog signals transmitted in the first pseudo random code from the transmitter to the receiver.

30. An apparatus as set forth in claim 29 wherein

the digital signals from the transmitter are initially in a third pseudo random code with a limited number of analog values and wherein a scrambler-descrambler is initially operative at the receiver as a scrambler to synchronize the operation of the fourth means with the signals in the third pseudo random code and wherein

the digital signals from the transmitter are subsequently in the first pseudo random code and wherein the scrambler-descrambler is subsequently operative at the receiver as a descrambler to provide for the recovery of the data from the digital signals from the fourth means.

31. An apparatus as set forth in claim 29 including

the fifth means being operative to combine in a particular relationship the digital signals from the fourth means and the modified digital signals recorded in the memory to obtain the modified digital signals representing the updated coefficients in the echo canceller.

32. A method at a receiver of receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog values and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random pattern different from the first pseudo random pattern, including the steps of:

receiving from the transmitter the analog signals modulated in the first and second pseudo random codes,

converting such analog signals to corresponding digital signals,

providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

providing digital signals representing a plurality of coefficients in a first echo canceller,

modifying the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code in accordance with the digital signals representing the coefficients in the first echo canceller,

providing digital signals representing a first difference between the converted digital signals and the modified digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the first echo canceller in accordance with the digital signals representing such first difference,

providing digital signals representing a plurality of coefficients in a second echo canceller, the plurality of coefficients in the second echo canceller being less than the plurality of coefficients in the first echo canceller,

modifying the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code in accordance with the digital signals representing the coefficients in the second echo canceller,

providing digital signals representing a second difference, the second difference being between the digital signals modified in accordance with the coefficients in the second echo canceller and the digital signals representing the first difference, and

modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the second echo canceller in accordance with the digital signals representing the second difference.

33. A method as set forth in claim 32 including the step of:

recovering the data from the digital signals representing the second difference.

34. A method as set forth in claim 32 wherein

the digital signals representing the modified coefficients in the first canceller are recorded in a first memory and are subsequently read from the first memory for modifying the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code and wherein the digital signals representing the modified coefficients in the second echo canceller are recorded in a second memory and are subsequently read from the second memory for modifying the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code and wherein

the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code are recorded in the first and second memories and are subsequently read from the first and second memories for modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the first and second echo cancellers.

35. A method as set forth in claim 33 wherein

the digital signals from the transmitter are initially in a third pseudo random code with a limited number of analog values and wherein a scrambler-descrambler is initially operative at the receiver as a scrambler to synchronize the operation of the receiver with the digital signals in the third pseudo random code and wherein

the digital signals from the transmitter are subsequently in the first pseudo random code and wherein the scrambler-descrambler is subsequently operative at the receiver as a descrambler to provide for the recovery of the data from the digital signals representing the difference between the modified digital signals in the second echo canceller and the digital signals representing the difference.

36. Apparatus as set forth in claim 15,

thirteenth means for storing the digital signals from the tenth means in the memory means,

the ninth means being responsive to the digital signals stored in the memory means from the tenth means and the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code from the second means for providing adjusted digital signals in the second pseudo random code.

37. A method at a receiver of receiving through telephone lines from a transmitter analog signals corresponding to digital signals representing data in accordance with a plurality of analog values and modulated in a first pseudo random code involving the analog levels, the received signals including echoes of analog signals transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter and reflected from the transmitter to the receiver and modulated in a second pseudo random pattern different from the first pseudo random pattern, including the steps of:

receiving from the transmitter the analog signals modulated in the first and second pseudo random codes,

converting such analog signals to corresponding digital signals,

providing digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

providing digital signals representing a plurality of different coefficients in an echo canceller,

modifying the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code in accordance with the digital signals representing the coefficients in the echo canceller,

providing digital signals representing a difference between the converted digital signals and the modified digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code,

modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the echo canceller in accordance with the digital signals representing such difference,

recording in a memory the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code and the modified digital signals representing the coefficients in the echo canceller,

thereafter using the digital signals recorded in the memory to provide the digital signals representing the difference between the converted digital signals and the modified digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code.

38. A method as set forth in claim 37, including the step of:

recovering the data from the digital signals representing the difference between the converted digital signals and the modified digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code.

39. A method as set forth in claim 37, including the step of:

thereafter modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the echo canceller in accordance with the digital signals thereafter representing the difference, and

substituting in the memory the digital signals thereafter modified in representation of the coefficients in the echo canceller in place of the modified digital signals previously recorded in the memory.

40. A method as set forth in claim 37, including the steps of:

the echo canceller constituting a first echo canceller and the digital signals representing the difference actually being in representation of a first difference,

providing digital signals representing a plurality of different coefficients in a second echo canceller, the plurality of coefficients in the second echo canceller being less than the plurality of coefficients in the first echo canceller,

modifying the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code in accordance with the digital signals representing the coefficients in the second echo canceller,

providing digital signals representing a second difference, the second difference being between the digital signals modified in accordance with the coefficients in the second echo canceller and the digital signals representing the first difference,

modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the second echo canceller in accordance with the digital signals representing the second difference,

the memory being a first memory,

recording in a second memory the digital signals modulated in the second pseudo random code and the modified digital signals representing the coefficients in the second echo canceller, and

thereafter using the digital signal recorded in the second memory to provide the digital signals representing the second difference.

41. A method as set forth in claim 40, including the steps of:

thereafter modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the first echo canceller in accordance with the digital signals thereafter representing the first difference,

substituting in the first memory the digital signals thereafter modified in representation of the coefficients in the first echo canceller in place of the modified digital signals previously recorded in the first memory,

thereafter modifying the digital signals representing the coefficients in the second echo canceller in accordance with the digital signals thereafter representing the second difference, and

substituting in the second memory the digital signals thereafter modified in representation of the coefficients in the second echo canceller in place of the modified digital signals previously recorded in the second memory.

42. A method as set forth in claim 41, including the step of:

recovering the data from the digital signals representing the second difference.
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This invention relates to systems for, and methods of, passing digital data at high frequencies through copper telephone lines between a central station and subscribers serviced by the central station and recovering the data at the receiving end of the telephone lines. This invention further relates to systems for, and methods of, p