An abrasive is produced by crushing a cured product of a phenol resin composition into particles, and washing with water and drying the particles. The phenol resin composition may comprise as principal constituents a phenol resin and an organic filler, or a phenol resin, an organic filler and an inorganic filler.
A composition for chemical-mechanical polishing, comprising an aqueous solution and an abrasive that comprises polymer particles, is described. The polymer particles carry an electrical charge, such that nearby particles repel one another. Accordingly, aggregation of polymer particles may be reduced, minimized or eliminated. The composition may additionally comprise an oxidizing agent. A method of using the composition to polish a substrate surface, such as a substrate surface having a metal surface feature or layer, is also described. A substrate so polished may exhibit good surface characteristics, such as a relatively smooth surface or a reduced number of, or a lack of, microscratches on the surface of the substrate.
A friction material for a liquid medium, according to the invention, consists of a fibre mat impregnated with a thermosetting resin, the fibres having a length of at least 12 mm. The method of producing such a material includes the following steps: a) a mixture of fibres of the same nature or of different natures is produced in a mixer; b) the mixture is carded to form a card web; c) the card web is lapped; d) the lap thus formed is needled; e) the needled mat is impregnated with a thermosetting resin.
A method for in-frame repairing of a thermal barrier coating (12) on a gas turbine component includes cleaning a desired surface portion (10) of the component without removing the component from the gas turbine. The method also includes roughening the surface portion in-frame, applying a bond coat (68) to the surface portion in-frame, and applying a ceramic topcoat (70) to the bond coat, in-frame. A system (28) for cleaning the surface portion in-frame includes an abrasive media (34) having a state change characteristic occurring at a temperature lower than an operating temperature of the gas turbine so that the abrasive media changes from a solid state to another state allowing the media to exit the gas turbine during operation. The system also includes an abrasive media sprayer (36) to direct a spray of the abrasive media at the desired surface portion.
