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| United States Patent | 5581681 |
| Link to this page | http://www.wikipatents.com/5581681.html |
| Inventor(s) | Tchao; Michael C. (Palo Alto, CA);
Capps; Stephen P. (San Carlos, CA) |
| Abstract | A computer system for manipulating notes on a screen of a computer display
is provided. Each note area may include graphical, text, and data objects.
An initial note area is provided with a header bar which includes the date
of creation, the note number, and/or other indicia. When a user desires to
make a new note, a division gesture is made on the computer display by
moving a stylus horizontally across the screen. Once a division gesture is
detected, the height of the preceding note is determined, and the height
of the new note is considered to be indefinite or infinite. Each new
division gesture creates a new header bar for the new note indicating the
date of creation, the note number, and/or other pertinent information. |
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Title Information  |
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Drawing from US Patent 5581681 |
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Pointing gesture based computer note pad paging and scrolling interface |
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| Publication Date |
December 3, 1996 |
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| Parent Case |
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/357,707 filed Dec. 14,
1994, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/868,013 filed
Apr. 13, 1992, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 5,398,310 on Mar. 14, 1995. |
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Title Information  |
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References  |
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| *references marked with an asterisk below are user-added references |
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U.S. References |
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| | Reference | Relevancy | Comments | Reference | Relevancy | Comments | 5493641 Brown 715/784 Feb,1996 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5371846 Bates 715/786 Dec,1994 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5339391 Wroblewski 345/607 Aug,1994 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5220649 Forcier
Jun,1993 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5200738 Fumoto 345/538 Apr,1993 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5142669 Inoue 715/784 Aug,1992 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5065438 Hirose
Nov,1991 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5049862 Dao 345/179 Sep,1991 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4912669 Iwamoto 715/531 Mar,1990 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4620295 Aiken, Jr. 715/531 Oct,1986 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | |
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| Market Size |
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Market Review  |
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Technical Review  |
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Claims  |
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What is claimed is:
1. A method for manipulating notes on the screen of a computer display
comprising:
generating an initial note area on a screen of a computer display;
dividing said initial note area into a plurality of note areas in response
to at least one division gesture implemented by moving a pointer across
the width of the screen such that a left edge of the division gesture is
within a first defined distance of a left side of said computer display
and a right edge of the division gesture is within a second defined
distance of a right side of said computer display, wherein the division
gesture is made in a horizontal motion having a slope of less than a
predefined slope value, and wherein each division gesture creates divider
indicia in the form of a header bar said screen which visually separates
an immediately preceding note-area and an immediately having a slope of
less than a predefined slope value, and wherein each division gesture
creates divider indicia in the form of a header bar on said screen which
visually separates an immediately preceding note area and an immediately
subsequent note area, the header bar being associated with the immediately
subsequent note area, the header bar including a sizing button, the sizing
button being operative to adjust a height of the immediately subsequent
note area without adjusting the immediately preceding note area;
modifying the size of a selected note area, the selected note area
including a specific header bar having an associated text heading and an
associated sizing button, the size modification performed in response to a
sizing gesture made to the associated sizing button;
in response to a down-scroll command received for a given note area having
an associated header bar, performing one of the following:
(a) when the given note area has a subsequent area that is not displayed on
the screen and the associated header bar is displayed but is not
positioned at an upper portion of the screen, scrolling down and
displaying the associated header bar at the upper portion of the screen
thereby displaying at least a portion of the subsequent area;
(b) when the given note area has the subsequent area that is not displayed
on the screen and the associated header bar is either displayed positioned
at the upper portion of the screen or not displayed, scrolling down and
displaying the subsequent area positioned beginning at the upper portion
of the screen; and
(c) when the given note area has no subsequent area not displayed and a
subsequent note is available for display, displaying the subsequent note
such that the subsequent note's header bar is located on the upper portion
of the screen; and
in response to an up-scroll command received for the given note area,
performing one of the following:
(d) when the given note area has a preceding area which is not displayed on
the screen and the preceding area's height is larger than a height of the
screen, displaying a bottom most portion of the preceding area;
(e) when the given note area has the preceding area which is not displayed
on the screen and the preceding area's height is less than or equal to a
height of the screen, displaying the given note area such that the
associated header bar is positioned at the upper portion of the screen:
and
(f) when the given note area has no preceding area not displayed and a
preceding note is available for display, displaying the preceding note
area such that the preceding note area's header bar is located on the
upper portion of the screen.
2. A computer readable medium containing computer program instructions for:
generating an initial note area on the screen of the computer display;
dividing said initial note area into a plurality of note areas in response
to at least one division gesture implemented by moving a pointer across
the width of the screen such that a left edge of the division gesture is
within a first defined distance of a left side of said computer display
and a right edge of the division gesture is within a second defined
distance of a right side of said computer display, wherein the division
gesture is made in a horizontal motion having a slope of less than a
predefined slope value, and wherein each division gesture creates divider
indicia in the form of a header bar on said screen which visually
separates an immediately preceding note area and an immediately subsequent
note area, the header bar being associated with the immediately subsequent
note area, the header bar including a sizing button, the sizing button
being operative to adjust a height of the immediately subsequent note area
without adjusting the immediately preceding note area;
in response to a down-scroll command received for a given note area,
performing one of the following:
(a) when the given note area has a subsequent area that is not displayed on
the screen and the associated header bar is displayed but is not
positioned at an upper portion of the screen, scrolling down and
displaying the associated header bar at the upper portion of the screen
thereby displaying at least a portion of the subsequent area;
(b) when the given note area has the subsequent area that is not displayed
on the screen and the associated header bar is either displayed positioned
at the upper portion of the screen or not displayed, Scrolling down and
displaying the subsequent area positioned beginning at the upper portion
of the screen; and
(c) when the given note area has no subsequent area not displayed and a
subsequent note is available for display, displaying the subsequent note
such that the subsequent note's header bar is located on the upper portion
of the screen; and
in response to an up-scroll command received for the given note area,
performing one of the following:
(d) when the given note area has a preceding area which is not displayed on
the screen and the preceding area's height is larger than a height of the
screen, displaying a bottom most portion of the preceding area;
(e) when the given note area has the preceding area which is not displayed
on the screen and the preceding area's height is less than or equal to a
height of the screen, displaying the given note area such that the
associated header bar is positioned at the upper portion of the screen;
and
(f) when the given note area has no preceding area not displayed and a
preceding note is available for display, displaying the preceding note
area such that the preceding note area's header bar is located on the
upper portion of the screen.
3. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 2 wherein said computer
program instruction for generating an initial note area on the computer
screen includes creating a first data structure including a note number
and a note height dimension.
4. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 2 wherein said computer
program instruction for dividing said initial note area comprises computer
program instructions for:
detecting a theoretical line drawn on said display by said pointer;
determining whether said theoretical line is a division gesture; and
generating a new header bar on said computer display for a new note area if
said theoretical line is determined to be a division gesture.
5. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 4 wherein said computer
program instruction or detecting a theoretical line comprises computer
program instructions for:
collecting a plurality of sample points corresponding to a movement of said
pointer across said display; and
forming said theoretical line from at least two of said plurality of sample
points.
6. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 4 wherein said computer
program instruction for determining whether said theoretical line is a
division gesture includes one or more of the following computer program
instructions for:
determining whether there is a sample point further from said theoretical
line than a predetermined maximum distance value;
determining whether the absolute value of a sum of the signed distances of
said plurality of sample points from said theoretical line is greater than
a predetermined maximum sum value;
determining whether the absolute value of a slope of said theoretical line
differs from a predetermined header bar slope by more than a predetermined
maximum slope value; and
determining whether either end of said theoretical line is separated from
an edge of said screen by more than a predetermined maximum margin value
wherein when one of the determining steps fails, said theoretical line is
not a division gesture.
7. A computer readable medium having a computer program executable to move
divider indicia in the form of a header bar displayed on a computer
display as a linear region which separates a first note area from an
adjacent second note area on a screen of the computer display, the header
bar being associated with the second note area and including a sizing
button, the computer program comprising the computer instructions for:
detecting the selection of the header bar by a pointer;
detecting a sizing gesture made with said pointer on said header bar, the
sizing gesture engaging the sizing button;
moving said header bar as indicated by said sizing gesture, the movement of
the header bar adjusting a height of the second note area without
adjusting the first note area;
in response to a down-scroll command received for a given note area,
performing one of the following:
(a) when the given note area has a subsequent area that is not displayed on
the screen and the associated header bar is displayed but is not
positioned at an upper portion of the screen, scrolling down and
displaying the associated header bar at the upper portion of the screen
thereby displaying at least a portion of the subsequent area;
(b) when the given note area has the subsequent area that is not displayed
on the screen and the associated header bar is either displayed positioned
at the upper portion of the screen or not displayed, scrolling down and
displaying the subsequent area positioned beginning at the upper portion
of the screen; and
(c) when the given note area has no subsequent area not displayed and a
subsequent note is available for display, displaying the subsequent note
such that the subsequent note's header bar is located on the upper portion
of the screen; and
in response to an up-scroll command received for the given note area,
performing one of the following:
(d) when the given note area has a preceding area which is not displayed on
the screen and the preceding area's height is larger than a height of the
screen displaying a bottom most portion of the preceding area;
(e) when the given note area has the preceding area which is not displayed
on the screen and the preceding area's height is less than or equal to a
height of the screen, displaying the given note area such that the
associated header bar is positioned at the upper portion of the screen;
and
(f) when the given note area has no preceding area not displayed and a
preceding note is available for display, displaying the preceding note
area such that the preceding note area's header bar is located on the
upper portion of the screen.
8. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 7 wherein said pointer
comprises stylus means contacting a screen of a pen-based computer system.
9. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 8 wherein said sizing
gesture detected by a computer instruction comprises contacting said
stylus with said screen over said header bar and moving said stylus
without lifting said stylus from said screen.
10. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 7 wherein said computer
program instruction for moving said header bar comprises:
changing a height dimension of a note associated with said divider bar; and
re-drawing at least said note on said screen.
11. A pointer-based computer system comprising:
a central processing unit;
a memory accessible by said central processing unit;
a computer display having a screen;
a pointer;
means for generating an initial note area on the screen of the computer
display;
means for dividing said initial note area into a plurality of note areas in
response to at least one division gesture implemented by moving the
pointer across the width of the screen such that a left edge of the
division gesture is within a first defined distance of a left side of said
computer display and a right edge of the division gesture is within a
second defined distance of a right side of said computer display, wherein
the division gesture is made in a horizontal motion having a slope of less
than a predefined slope value, and wherein each division gesture creates
divider indicia in the form of a header bar on said screen which visually
separates an immediately preceding note area and an immediately subsequent
note area, the header bar being associated with the immediately subsequent
note area, the header bar including a sizing button, the sizing button
being operative to adjust a height of the immediately subsequent note area
without adjusting the immediately preceding note area; and
a quantized scrolling mechanism operative to respond to a down-scroll
command received for a given note area by performing one of the following:
(a) when the given note area has a subsequent area that is not displayed on
the screen and the associated header bar is displayed but is not
positioned at an upper portion of the screen, scrolling down and
displaying the associated header bar at the upper portion of the screen
thereby displaying at least a portion of the subsequent area;
(b) when the given note area has the subsequent area that is not displayed
on the screen and the associated header bar is either displayed positioned
at the upper portion of the screen or not displayed, scrolling down and
displaying the subsequent area positioned beginning at the upper portion
of the screen; and
(c) when the given note area has no subsequent area not displayed and a
subsequent note is available for display, displaying the subsequent note
such that the subsequent note's header bar is located on the upper portion
of the screen,
the quantized scrolling mechanism further operative to respond to an
up-scroll command received for the given note area by performing one of
the following:
(d) when the given note area has a preceding area which is not displayed on
the screen and the preceding area's height is larger than a height of the
screen, displaying a bottom most portion of the preceding area;
(e) when the given note area has the preceding area which is not displayed
on the screen and the preceding area's height is less than or equal to a
height of the screen, displaying the given note area such that the
associated header bar is positioned at the upper portion of the screen;
and
(f) when the given note area has no preceding area not displayed and a
preceding note is available for display, displaying the preceding note
area such that the preceding note area's header bar is located on the
upper portion of the screen.
12. A pointer-based computer system as recited in claim 11 wherein said
means for generating an initial note area on the computer screen includes
means for creating a first data structure including a note number and a
note height dimension.
13. A pointer-based computer system as recited in claim 11 wherein said
means for dividing said initial note area comprises:
means for detecting a theoretical line drawn on said display by said
pointer;
means for determining whether said theoretical line is a division gesture;
and
means for generating a header bar on said computer display for a new note
area if said theoretical line is determined to be a division gesture.
14. A pointer-based computer system as recited in claim 13 wherein said
means for detecting a theoretical line comprises:
means for collecting a plurality of sample points corresponding to a
movement of said pointer across said display; and
means for forming said theoretical line from at least two of said plurality
of sample points.
15. A pointer-based computer system as recited in claim 14 wherein said
means for determining whether said theoretical line is a division gesture
includes one or more of the following:
means for determining whether there is a sample point further from said
theoretical line than a predetermined maximum distance value;
means for determining whether the absolute value of a sum of the signed
distances of said plurality of sample points from said theoretical line is
greater than a predetermined maximum sum value;
means for determining whether the absolute value of a slope of said
theoretical line differs from a predetermined header bar slope by more
than a predetermined maximum slope value; and
means for determining whether either end of said theoretical line is
separated from an edge of said screen by more than a predetermined maximum
margin value
wherein when one of the determining means fails, said theoretical line is
not a division gesture.
16. A computer readable medium having a computer program for manipulating
notes on the screen of a computer display, the computer program comprising
the computer instructions for:
generating an initial note area on a screen of a computer display;
dividing said initial note area into a plurality of note areas in response
to at least one division gesture implemented by moving a pointing means
across the width of the screen such that a left edge of the division
gesture is within a first defined distance of a left side of said computer
display and a right edge of the division gesture is within a second
defined distance of a right side of said computer display, wherein the
division gesture is made in a horizontal motion having a slope of less
than a predefined slope value, and wherein each division gesture creates
divider indicia in the form of a header bar on said screen which visually
separates two adjacent note areas, said header bar being displayed on said
computer display as a horizontal region having indicia pertaining to a
note including a creation date;
modifying the height of a selected note area in response to a gesture made
on said header bar associated with said selected note area; and
scrolling at least one note area in response to a scrolling command.
17. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 16 wherein said computer
instruction for generating an initial note area on a computer screen
includes creating a first data structure including a note number
designation and a note height dimension.
18. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 16 wherein said computer
program instruction for dividing said initial note area comprises:
detecting a theoretical line drawn on said display by said pointing means;
determining whether said theoretical line is a division gesture; and
generating a header bar on said computer display for a new note area if
said theoretical line is determined to be a division gesture.
19. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 18 wherein said computer
program instruction for detecting a theoretical line comprises:
collecting a plurality of sample points corresponding to a movement of said
pointing means across said display; and
forming said theoretical line from at least two of said plurality of sample
points.
20. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 18 wherein said computer
program instruction for determining whether said theoretical line is a
division gesture includes the following computer instructions for:
determining whether there is a sample point farther from said theoretical
line than a predetermined maximum distance value;
determining whether the absolute value of a sum of the signed distances of
said plurality of sample points from said theoretical line is greater than
a predetermined maximum sum value;
determining whether the absolute value of a slope of said theoretical line
differs from a predetermined header bar slope by more than a predetermined
maximum slope value; and
determining whether either end of said theoretical line is separated from
an edge of said screen by more than a predetermined maximum margin value;
wherein when one of the determining steps fails, said theoretical line is
not a division gesture.
21. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 16 wherein said computer
program instruction for modifying the size of a selected note area
comprises:
detecting said gesture; and
moving said divider indicia in response to said gesture.
22. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 16 wherein said computer
program instruction for scrolling at least one note area comprises:
detecting said scrolling command; and
scrolling said at least one note area in a direction indicated by said
scrolling command such that divider indicia on said screen move in
discrete jumps such that data input on said at least one note area appears
in approximately the same position at which it was originally input.
23. A computer readable medium storing a computer program for generating
divider indicia on a computer display, the computer program comprising
computer instructions for:
detecting a division gesture implemented by moving a pointing means across
the width of a screen such that a left edge of the division gesture is
within a first defined distance of a left side of said computer display
and a right edge of the division gesture is within a second defined
distance of a right side of said computer display, wherein the division
gesture is made in a horizontal motion having a slope of less than a
predefined slope value; and
generating divider indicia in the form of a header bar on said screen as
positioned by said division gesture said header bar being displayed on
said computer display as a horizontal region having indicia pertaining to
a note including a creation date.
24. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 23 wherein said computer
program instruction for detecting a division gesture comprises:
creating a theoretical line from a gesture made on said screen by said
pointing means;
comparing said theoretical line to predetermined criteria; and
recognizing a division gesture if said theoretical line meets said
predetermined criteria.
25. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 24 wherein said computer
program instruction for creating a theoretical line comprises:
collecting a plurality of sample points along a gesture path;
forming said theoretical line including at least two of said plurality of
sample points.
26. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 25 wherein said
theoretical line is created from two sample points selected at or near
opposing ends of said gesture path.
27. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 25 wherein said
theoretical line is created from three or more sample points.
28. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 27 wherein said
theoretical line is created from at least a majority of said sample points
by a least-mean-square (LMS) computer readable medium.
29. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 25 wherein said computer
program instruction for comparing said theoretical line to said
predetermined criteria comprises:
determining whether any sample point is further from said theoretical line
than a predetermined amount.
30. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 25 wherein said computer
program instruction for comparing said theoretical line to said
predetermined criteria comprises:
determining whether the absolute value of a sum of the signed distances of
said plurality of sample points from said theoretical line is greater than
a predetermined amount.
31. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 25 wherein said computer
program instruction for comparing said theoretical line to said
predetermined criteria comprises:
determining whether the absolute value of a slope of said theoretical line
differs from a predetermined slope by more than a predetermined amount.
32. A computer readable medium as recited in claim 25 wherein said computer
program instruction for comparing said theoretical line to said
predetermined criteria comprises:
determining whether either end of said theoretical line is separated from
an edge of said screen by more than a predetermined amount.
33. A pointer-based computer system comprising:
a central processing unit;
a memory accessible by said central processing unit;
a computer display having a screen;
a pointer;
means for generating an initial note area on the screen of the computer
display;
means for dividing said initial note area into a plurality of note areas in
response to at least one division gesture implemented by moving the
pointer across the width of the screen such that a left edge of the
division gesture is within a first defined distance of a left side of said
computer display and a right edge of the division gesture is within a
second defined distance of a right side of said computer display, wherein
the division gesture is made in a horizontal motion having a slope of less
than a predefined slope value, and wherein each division gesture creates
divider indicia in the form of a header bar on said screen which visually
separates two adjacent note areas; and
means for scrolling operable to scroll at least one note area in response
to a scrolling command.
34. A pointer-based computer system as recited in claim 32 wherein said
means for generating an initial note area on the computer screen includes
means for creating a first data structure including a note number and a
note height dimension.
35. A pointer-based computer system as recited in claim 33 wherein said
means for dividing said initial note area comprises:
means for detecting a theoretical line drawn on said display by said
pointer;
means for determining whether said theoretical line is a division gesture;
and
means for generating a header bar on said computer display for a new note
area if said theoretical line is determined to be a division gesture.
36. A pointer-based computer system as recited in claim 34 wherein said
means for detecting a theoretical line comprises:
means for collecting a plurality of sample points corresponding to a
movement of said pointer across said display; and
means for forming said theoretical line from at least two of said plurality
of sample points.
37. A pointer-based computer system as recited in claim 34 wherein said
means for determining whether said theoretical line is a division gesture
includes one or more of the following:
means for determining whether there is a sample point farther from said
theoretical line than a predetermined maximum distance value;
means for determining whether the absolute value of a sum of the signed
distances of said plurality of sample points from said theoretical line is
greater than a predetermined maximum sum value;
means for determining whether the absolute value of a slope of said
theoretical line differs from a predetermined header bar slope by more
than a predetermined maximum slope value; and
means for determining whether either end of said theoretical line is
separated from an edge of said screen by more than a predetermined maximum
margin value
wherein when one of the determining means fails, said theoretical line is
not a division gesture. |
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Claims  |
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Description  |
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to the manipulation of images on a
computer screen, and more particularly to methods for manipulating images
on the screen of a pen-based computer system.
A pen-based computer system is a small, often hand-held, computer system
where the primary method for inputting data includes a "pen" or stylus. A
typical pen-based computer system is housed in a generally rectangular
enclosure, and has a dual-function display assembly providing a viewing
screen along one of the planar sides of the enclosure. The dual-function
display assembly serves as both an input device and an output device. When
operating as an input device, the display assembly senses the position of
the tip of the stylus on the viewing screen and provides this positional
information to the computer's central processing unit (CPU). Some display
assemblies can also sense the pressure of the stylus on the screen to
provide further information to the CPU. When operating as an output
device, the display assembly presents computer-generated images on the
screen.
The dual-function display assemblies of pen-based computer systems permit
users to operate the computer as a computerized notepad. For example,
graphical images can be input into the pen-based computer by merely moving
the stylus on the surface of the screen. As the CPU senses the position
and movement of the stylus, it generates a corresponding image on the
screen to create the illusion that the stylus is drawing the image
directly upon the screen. With suitable recognition software, text and
numeric information can also be entered into the pen-based computer system
in a similar fashion.
Users often want to input more than one screen-full of information into
their computer systems. To accomplish this, computer systems of the prior
art have adopted two different input and display techniques. With a first
technique, the screen images are treated as "pages" of a notepad. Users
can then either sequentially access pages by "flipping" back or forth
through the notepad, or they can jump to a particular page by page number.
A second technique is to consider the screen of the display assembly to be
a "window" on a long, continuous scroll of paper. The "scroll" is moved
past the imaginary window (or the window is moved along the scroll) to
provide a partial display of the contents of the scroll on the computer
screen.
Both of these techniques have their advantages and disadvantages. The
paging technique has the disadvantage of having a fixed page size which is
usually equal to the size of the computer's screen. In consequence, if an
image is too big to fit on one page, it must be divided to fit on two or
more separate pages. While this is not particularly limiting for text, it
makes the handling of large graphical images difficult. On the positive
side, "paging" tends to be an intuitive way for users to access multiple
screens of information. Users are familiar with the use of conventional
books, notebooks, and notepads, all of which are essentially page based
artifacts. An example of the intuitive nature of paging involves visually
locating an image which was created on a particular page of memory. If,
for example, a user knows that he drew a particular image in the lower
right-hand corner of a page, he can quickly "flip" through the multiple
pages while fixing his eyes on the lower right-hand corner of the screen
to quickly spot the appropriate image.
The advantages and disadvantages of the scrolling technique are almost
precisely the reverse of the advantages and disadvantages of the paging
technique. An advantage of the scrolling technique is that images of
virtually any length can be created. A disadvantage of the scrolling
technique is that it is less intuitive than the paging technique. Using
the previous example, finding a particular image by scrolling tends to be
more difficult than finding the image by paging. This is due, in part, to
the fact that when scrolling through the images stored in the computer, a
particular desired image can be located at any vertical location on the
screen, requiring a user to visually search a much larger image area.
Also, with the scrolling technique it is more difficult for a user to know
his or her relative location in a document. For example, with the paging
technique a user might intuitively know that a desired image is about on
page twelve, or is about two thirds of the way through the document. This
type of intuitive knowledge is more difficult to achieve with the
scrolling technique.
A further disadvantage of the scrolling technique is that it is inherently
slow since images on the screen must not be moved so fast that they cannot
be viewed. This can make the viewing of large amounts of data by scrolling
techniques a time consuming process.
Yet another disadvantage of scrolling techniques is that there is no clear
division between adjacent but unrelated images. For example, if a user
first writes a letter and then makes a sketch, it would be desirable to
make a clear division between these two unrelated items. This disadvantage
also applies to a lesser extent to paging techniques when two or more
unrelated items are placed on a single page.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, images are grouped into note areas which form
part of a continuous scroll. These notes are manipulated by: (a)
generating an initial note area on the screen of a computer display; (b)
dividing the initial note area into a number of contiguous note areas in
response to one or more division gestures implemented by a pointing
device, where each division gesture creates a header bar on the screen
which visually separates two adjacent note areas; (c) modifying the size
of a selected note area in response to a sizing gesture made to a header
bar associated with the selected note area; and (d) scrolling within the
note areas in response to a scrolling command.
The initial note area is provided with a header bar which preferably
includes the date of creation, the note number, and other indicia. This
initial note area can be considered to be of indeterminate or infinite
height. Graphical, text, and data objects can be created within this
initial note area.
When a user desires to make a new note, a division gesture is made on the
computer display with a pointing device. For example, in a pen-based
computer system a stylus can be moved substantially horizontally across
the screen to indicate a division gesture. Once a division gesture is
detected, the height of the preceding note is determined, and the height
of the new note can be considered to be indefinite or infinite.
Preferably, the division gesture creates a new header bar for the new note
indicating the date of creation, the note number, and/or other pertinent
information.
Preferably, each header bar also includes a "sizing" button. By making a
sizing gesture to the sizing button, the height of the associated note can
be modified to make the note longer or shorter.
The notes on the display are preferably scrolled in a fashion which is a
hybrid between traditional paging and scrolling techniques. The scrolling
technique of the present invention can be considered to be a "quantized"
scroll where objects displayed on the screen tend to be located in the
same area of the screen in which they were created. This is accomplished
by scrolling in quantized jumps such that the header bar of a desired note
jumps either to the top of the screen or to about its original creation
location on the screen.
The note areas and quantized scroll of the present invention overcome many
of the aforementioned problems of the prior art. Related objects can be
grouped together in a single note, and notes longer than a screen length
can be easily generated. The height of individual notes can be modified by
the sizing gesture, and the quantized scrolling of the present invention
allows for the quick, intuitive scan of a large number of notes.
These and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent to
those skilled in the art upon a reading of the following specification of
the invention and a study of the several figures of the drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a pen-based computer system in accordance with
the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a pictorial representation of the screen of a computer display
assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates the screen of FIG. 2 after graphical, text and data
objects have been added, and after the screen has been divided into two
note areas;
FIG. 4 graphically illustrates a number of note areas arranged in a scroll
and a "window" representing the screen of the computer display;
FIGS. 5a-5f illustrate six views of the scroll as seen through the window
of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 illustrates the viewing of a note which has a height greater than
the height of the viewing window;
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for manipulating notes on a
computer display in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a method for detecting a division gesture on
the screen of a computer display assembly;
FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate two of many potential gestures which can be made
with a stylus, the first of which will be recognized as a division gesture
and the second of which will not be recognized as a division gesture;
FIG. 9 illustrates the data structure of a note in accordance with the
present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for processing the division
gesture detected by the method illustrated in FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for detecting a sizing
gesture of a selected note;
FIG. 12, is a flow diagram illustrating a method for processing the sizing
gesture detected by the | | |