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Description  |
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TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to a device for electromagnetically blocking the
closing cylinder of a lock, comprising at least one movable tumbler
engaging in a recess provided on the circumference of the closing
cylinder.
BACKGROUND
In respect of closing cylinders, there have already become known electronic
closing cylinders in which a movable tumbler is placed into a locking
position or is disengaged from such locking position by an electromagnetic
drive. In a particularly simple manner, an electromagnetic drive in that
case may be designed as a lifting drive, such a design yet having the
disadvantage of being relatively largely prone to failures. Whenever a
movable tumbler is to be actuated by magnetic forces, sufficient
movability of the movable tumbler is to be safeguarded and there is the
risk of the locking position of such a movable tumbler being released
under mechanical influences, for instance by striking at the cylinder,
safety thus being no longer ensured.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention aims at providing a device of the initially defined kind, in
which safe blocking may be effected by means of an extremely small
electromagnetic drive and cannot be readily undone again even under the
influence of shocks or other mechanical or electromagnetic actions on the
locking cylinder. To solve this object, the device according to the
invention essentially consists in that the movable tumbler cooperates with
an electromagnetic rotary drive and in its closing position is secured
against disengagement from the recess. By providing an electromagnetic
rotary drive structurally similar to a conventional small-design motor and
by using this rotary drive for preventing the movable tumbler from
disengagement from its blocking position in a predetermined rotary
position, a high degree of safety is ensured even at slight actuation
forces. For, the actuation forces of the rotary drive merely need be
adequate to place a support in its operating position, against which the
movable tumbler can no longer be moved out. On the other hand, the
actuation forces required for unblocking are limited to rotating the
rotary drive in a manner that the movable tumbler may re-emerge from a
recess into which is has been inserted in its closing position. Thus, the
electromagnetic drive causes only the adjustment of a stop shoulder or
supporting surface provided for the movable tumbler and, therefore, an
extremely small-design and simple rotary drive applying only slight forces
will do, but which nevertheless ensures a high degree of safety against
mechanical influences. To enable unblocking and the disengagement of the
movable tumbler, the configuration advantageously is devised such that the
rotary drive enables the disengagement of the movable tumbler from the
recess of the closing cylinder in a defined rotary position.
Particularly simple blocking and safe supporting of the movable tumbler may
be realized in that the movable tumbler, about its circumference,
comprises cantilevering projections or wings or the like and is
resiliently pressed into the recess of the blocking cylinder, and that the
end face of the rotary drive facing the movable tumbler in a defined
rotary position of the rotary drive comprises recesses for receiving said
projections or wings. Such a configuration allows for the use of a
particularly compact rotary drive, said configuration advantageously being
devised such that the rotary drive comprises a stator constituted by a
coil spooled on the generated surface of a cylinder in the direction z,
and a rotor magnetized in the direction x, in particular a tube- or
sleeve-shaped rotor. The tube- or sleeve-shaped design of the rotor allows
for the arrangement of a spring for resiliently pressing the movable
tumbler and, furthermore, allows said movable tumbler to be pressed into
the central cavity of the rotor unless the projections or wings are
prevented from immersing into the rotor by an appropriate stop surface.
In order to make the movable tumbler readily evade upon release of the
stroke or course of the movable tumbler against the force of a spring, the
configuration advantageously is devised such that the recess comprises
oblique surfaces on the circumference of the closing cylinder, via which
the movable tumbler is slidingly guided radially outwards as the closing
cylinder is rotated upon enabling of the disengagement movement by the
rotary drive. Such a configuration causes the movable tumbler to be
slidingly pressed outwards via the oblique surfaces with the movable
tumbler being able to immerse into the interior of the sleeve- or
tube-shaped rotor and the wings or projections being able to immerse into
respective recesses provided on the end side of the rotor.
In order to offer, with such a configuration, the additional advantage of
automatically assuming a defined starting position as the device gets
currentless again, the configuration advantageously is devised such that
at least one stationarily arranged element magnetic in the longitudinal
direction, e.g., a ferrite, is provided in addition, setting the
magnetized rotor in a defined rotary position in the absence of current at
the coil. Such a configuration, upon resilient readjustment of the movable
tumbler into its blocked position, allows for the automatic rotation of
the rotor into a defined starting position, in which the stop surfaces
again enter into effect with a view to supporting the projections or wings
of the movable tumbler, thus preventing further rotation of the closing
cylinder, since from then on the movable tumbler cannot evade any more.
As already mentioned, the configuration in an advantageous manner is
devised such that the end face of the rotor includes recesses in the form
of slots for receiving the projections or wings of the movable tumbler,
wherein such recesses may, for instance, be designed in the manner of
screw driver grooves matching in contour with corresponding plug wings in
order to enable the evasion of the plug in the respective rotary position
of the rotor. As further pointed out in the beginning, it is feasible, in
particular due to the tube- or sleeve-shaped design of the rotor, to
arrange a spring in the interior of the rotor coaxial therewith such that,
on the whole, a particularly compact and simple construction is provided,
which may readily be installed in a conventional lock of usual contour.
Thus, blocking is effected by a rotary drive causing two or four
connections. With two connections, rotation by 90.degree. from the resting
position is provided in consideration of the given field lines, wherein
the rotor will orient itself in accordance with a rigidly arranged
magnetic part, e.g., ferrite, as the coil is no longer passed by current.
When using more than one ferrite, also a bistable state may be obtained,
in which one of two possible end positions may be assumed facultatively,
which end position renders feasible either the release or the blocking of
the movement of the locking plug. When using a coil having four poles
offset by 90.degree., with opposite poles each belonging together, the
field of the ferrite need not be overcome for rotary movement. However, in
that case constant current is required since there will be no stable
resting position at a power breakdown.
A particular advantage of the configuration according to the invention
consists in that external influence or manipulation appears to be hardly
possible on account of the rotary movement demanded from the supporting
surfaces. Moreover, hardly moved parts cause little wear of the structural
components, each of which structural components, due to the particularly
slight number of structural components, even may be realized accordingly
more sturdy.
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by way of
exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lock comprising the electromagnetic
blocking device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a detail of FIG. 1 viewed in the direction of arrow II;
FIG. 3 is an illustration analogous to FIG. 1 with the rotor rotated by
90.degree.;
FIG. 4 is a partial view according to arrow IV of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 depict variants of the configuration using a
ferrite for automatically assuming a defined starting position in the
absence of current at the coil.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
From FIG. 1 a lock 1 is apparent, whose closing cylinder 2 on its
circumference has a recess 3 for receiving a movable tumbler 4. The
movable tumbler 4 is inserted in the recess 3 by the force of the spring
5. The recess 3 has oblique surfaces 6 cooperating with the movable
tumbler 4. If the rotor 7 of the electromotor 8 is in the position
represented in FIG. 1, evasion of the movable tumbler 4 into the hollow
space 9 of the rotor 7 is impeded, since the lateral projections or wings
10 of the movable tumbler 4 collide with the end face 11 of the rotor 7.
The coil of the electromotor 8 is indicated by 12, the windings of the
coil being effected in the direction of the axis z. The rotor 7 is
magnetized in the direction of the axis x, rotation of the rotor upon
current feed thus taking place in the sense of arrow 13.
From the illustration according to FIG. 2, it is apparent that the end face
11 of the rotor 7 has recesses 14 in which the wings or lateral
projections 10 of the movable tumbler 4 may engage upon appropriate
rotation of the rotor 7 in the direction of arrow 13. In FIGS. 1 and 2, a
stationary ferrite 15 is additionally visible, which causes the rotor 7 to
rotate into a defined starting position in the absence of current at the
coil 12.
In the illustrations according to FIGS. 3 and 4, a position rotated by
90.degree. is each visible, which position will be assumed if current is
flowing through the coil 12. As is apparent, in particular, from FIG. 3,
the lateral projections 10 of the movable tumbler 4 are able to immerse
into the recesses 14 of the rotor 7 in that rotary position with the force
of the spring 5 having to be overcome. When turning the blocking cylinder
in the direction of double arrow 16, the oblique surfaces 6 will act on
the movable tumbler 4 in the sense of an axial displacement in the
direction of double arrow 17 so as to enable the engagement of the movable
tumbler 4 in the central axial hollow space 9 of the rotor. The respective
side view according to arrow IV, on the coil and rotor again is
represented in FIG. 4.
From the illustrations according to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, different
arrangements of ferrites 15 can each be taken. The magnetizing direction
of the rotor in those cases corresponds to one of the arrows 18, depending
on whether the coil 12 is currentless or not. In the representation
according to FIG. 7, bistable blocking is feasible, one of the two
positions indicated by arrows 18 being assumed in the absence of current.
The end points of the ferrites each lie beyond the poles of the coils.
With the configuration according to FIG. 7, the coil merely is used for
switching over from one stable position into the other, whereby a
particularly low current consumption is achieved, since constant current
feed is no longer necessary. With the configurations according to FIGS. 5
and 6, a suitable constant current is each required for blocking or
unblocking.
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