Method and apparatus for preventing illegal copy or illegal installation of information of optical recording medium

What is claimed is:

1. An information reproducing system comprising means (17) for rotationally driving a disc-like optical recording medium (2) wherein information is recorded in a recording layer in the form of pits, an optical head (6) for reading out the recorded information from said optical recording medium, head-moving means (23) for making said optical head movable radially on said optical recording medium, and signal processing means for processing the information read out through said optical head, which system is characterized by including:

first physical information detecting means (743, 38, 665) for detecting, on the basis of information read out through one of said optical head and a magnetic head, first physical feature information (532) which is representative of at least one of information of a two-dimensional physical arrangement of a pit or low-reflection section and a configuration of said pit or low-reflection section of said recording layer on said optical recording medium and which is enciphered and recorded at manufacture of said optical recording medium;

decryption means (534) for decoding the first physical feature information into a plain text using disclosed key cipher system cipher function (695b, 698B, 735h);

means (17a, 6, 38, 703a) for measuring a physical feature of said optical recording medium to detect second physical feature information indicative of at least one of information of a physical arrangement of said pit or low-reflection section and a configuration of said pit or low-reflection section;

check means (535) for checking said second physical feature information with said first physical feature information already decoded into a plain text to make a decision as to whether or not both are in a specific relation to each other; and

control means (717, 665) for, when the check means decides that said second physical feature information is not in the specific relation to said first physical feature information, stopping one of an operation of a specific program read out from said optical recording medium, a subsequent reading-out of information from said optical recording medium, and a given process of information, read out from the optical recording medium, the given process being practiced by said signal processing means.

2. A system as defined in claim 1, characterized in that reproducing means detects, on the basis of an internal pressure of pits, a first low-reflection section (740) in which a reflected light quantity is small and a high-reflection section (741) in which a reflectance is higher than that of said first reflection section due to a portion with no pit, and in an apparatus for reproducing a first optical recording signal, second low-reflection section detecting means (586) detects a second low-reflection section (584) provided in an optical recording signal area (742) and having a reflectance lower than that of said first low-reflection section and providing a reflected light quantity smaller than that of said first low-reflection section, and said second physical feature information detecting means obtains said second physical feature information on the basis of a detection signal of said second low-reflection section detecting means.

3. A system as defined in claim 2, characterized in that said second low-reflection section detecting means detects said second low-reflection section by slicing said first optical recording signal at a first slice level of a first level slicer (386) of level slicers having two or more slice levels and by slicing a reproduced signal at a second slice level of a second level slicer (586) which corresponds to a light quantity smaller than a light quantity for said first slice level.

4. A system as defined in claim 3, characterized by further comprising second low-reflection section position detecting means (696) for detecting at least one of a position, circumferential length and circumferential interval of said second low-reflection section on the basis of a second low-reflection section detection signal of said second low-reflection section detecting means (586) and a first optical reproduced signal detected by reproducing means (590).

5. A system as defined in claim 4, characterized in that a time correction section (607) measures a time interval between a reference mark detection signal detected by a mark signal detecting means (593) and a reference second reflective section detection signal detected by said second low-reflection section detecting means (586) to obtain a reference correction time, and further said time correction section (607) corrects a time interval between a specific mark signal detection signal and a second reflective section detection signal on the basis of said reference correction time, before said second low-reflection section position detecting means (596) detects a position of said second reflective section detection signal.

6. A system as defined in claim 4, characterized in that, when a mark signal detecting section (593) detects a specific mark signal of said first optical reproduced signal, said second low-reflection section position detecting means (596) detects one of said position, said circumferential length and said circumferential interval of said second low-reflection section on the basis of a mark detection signal of said mark signal detecting section.

7. A system as defined in claim 6, characterized in that said mark signal detecting section (593) detects an address signal as said mark signal.

8. A system as defined in claim 7, characterized in that said second low-reflection section position detecting means (596) detects one of said position, said circumferential length and said circumferential interval of said second low-reflection section on the basis of said address signal and the number of reproduction clock signal counted by a counter (598).

9. A system as defined in claim 8, characterized in that said second low-reflection section position detecting means (596) detects said position of said second low-reflection section on the basis of said address signal, the number of frame synchronizing signals counted by said counter (598) and the number of said reproduction signals counted by said counter (598).

10. A system as defined in claim 7, characterized in that said second low-reflection section position detecting means (596) detects said position of said second low-reflection section on the basis of an address signal of said first optical reproduced signal and a frame synchronizing signal.

11. A system as defined in claim 7, characterized in that said second low-reflection section position detecting means (596) detects one of said position, said circumferential length and said circumferential interval of said second low-reflection section with the number of reproduced clocks of a synchronizing signal reproducing means (38a) which obtained from said first optical reproduced being counted by a counter (598).

12. A system as defined in claim 11, characterized in that said synchronizing signal reproducing means detects as a synchronizing signal a clock signal from a synchronizing clock reproducing means (38a) of an EFM demodulating means (592).

13. A system as defined in claim 6, characterized in that said mark signal detecting section (593) detects, as said mark signal, a specific signal of a sub-code signal of a CD.

14. A system as defined in claim 2, characterized in that said second low-reflection section detecting means (586) detects only said second low-reflection section longer than said first low-reflection section in a tracking direction.

15. A system as defined in claim 2, characterized in that said second physical feature information detecting means obtains said second physical feature information by detecting an angular position of said second low-reflection section on said recording medium on the basis of a first detection signal on said second low-reflection section detected by said second low-reflection section detecting means (586) and a second detection signal detected by an angle detecting means (355) of rotating means.

16. A system as defined in claim 2, characterized in that said second physical feature information detecting means obtains said second physical feature information by measuring start and end positions of said second low-reflection section on the basis of a second low-reflection section detection signal detected by said second low-reflection section detecting means (586) and at least one of a frame synchronizing signal and clock signal of a first optical reproduced signal detected by an optical reproducing means (590).

Description Submit all comments and votes

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Industrial Application Field

The present invention relates to prevention of illegal copies of disc-like optical recording media and prevention of illegal install of information into information processing systems or the like, and more particularly to a method and system for preventing recorded music on optical disks, as well as projected images and various sorts of programs, such as game softwares (softs) and computer softwares, from being illegally copied and utilized without permission of the copyrighters, and further relates to an optical recording medium incapable of copy.

2. Description of the Prior Art

In recent years, optical disks are widely being employed in a variety of fields. The optical disks are generally classified into record-possible RAM disks and record-impossible ROM disks, while the manufacturing cost of the RAM disks is from five times to ten times that of the ROM disks. Accordingly, the ROM disks tend to be chiefly used in applications that supply a large number of people with a large quantity of information, for example, an electronic publication application and a medium cost-limited application that supplies music softwares and projected image softwares. On the other hand, as obvious from CD-ROM game machines and CD-ROM contained personal computers, there is a need for a RAM function being incorporated into the ROM disks, as an extension is more being made to interactive use. Home-use systems seldom require a large RAM capacity, for which reason great interest is focused on the advent of a new medium concept capable of realizing the three conditions: a small capacity RAM function, a large capacity ROM function, and a low cost. In addition, illegal duplicates of ROM disks such as CDs are recently put in the market so that the copyrighters suffer serious damage. Thus, a countermeasure has been needed for the duplicate prevention. Moreover, a soft distribution method has come into wide spread use where a plurality of encrypted (enciphered) programs are incorporated into disks and decrypted (deciphered) through passwords, and for improving the security of the password there is a need for a different ID number being recorded in each ROM.

One possible way to realize this concept is that one magnetic recording layer is equipped on the rear surface of a ROM disk, in which case the formation cost of the recording layer is less than one-tenth that of the ROM disk itself, thus realizing a partial RAM disk without greatly raising the cost of the ROM disk. Actually, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 56-163536, 57-6446, 57-212642, 2-179951, in terms of ROM disks such as CD-ROM not having a cartridge, there have already been proposed approaches wherein an optical recording section is provided on a front surface of a CD-ROM and a magnetic recording section is added on the rear surface thereof. In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-70543 discloses an attempt to accomplish magnetic recording by means of a combination of a disk wherein, like optical disks of amorphous material, an optical recording section, made of a nonmagnetic material, is placed on its surface and a magnetic recording layer is located on its rear surface and a magnetic head which is equipped in a mechanical section facing the rear surface.

On the other hand, for the duplicate prevention, only means is known which is made to manufacture a special disk through a special process, such as intentionally making a cut or openwork on the disk, so that difficulty is encountered to manufacture it without a special manufacturing apparatus.

However, the aforesaid methods are merely based on a combination of a magnetic recording section and an optical recording section, while not containing the important requirements for definite realization of the equipment at all, such as the ways of avoiding the mutual interference between the optical recording section and magnetic recording section, permitting access to magnetic tracks with a simple arrangement, sharing a circuit, protecting magnetically recorded information on media from the external environment including magnetism and abrasion without the use of a cartridge, compressing information to be recorded in a RAM area, accelerating the access, and concretely making out a physical track format.

Furthermore, in the prior art examples, disclosure is hardly made in terms of the ways of realizing a home-use partial RAM disk in a concrete form, such as the method of mass-producing media at a low cost, which is important in realization of the media, and the method of making the media conformable with the CD standards. Therefore, there remains a problem which arises with the conventional examples in that difficulty is experienced in concrete realization of media and systems capable of home use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is for eliminating above-described problems, and it is therefore a first object of the present invention to provide a method, system and medium which can realize a ROM type partial RAM disk and system without the use of a cartridge like a CD-ROM.

A second object of this invention is to provide a duplicate-preventing disk and system capable of preventing illegal duplicate through a way such as changing the physical arrangement of addresses, but not through the special method proposed heretofore.

For achieving these purposes, according to this invention, when an optical disk enters in a manufacturing step, first physical feature information indicative of a physical feature including at least a two-dimensional pit arrangement or pit configuration is encrypted and optically or magnetically written in advance in such a manner as being distinguishable from the main information to be recorded in the optical disk, before, i.e., when being in reproduction, read out to be deciphered. At this reproduction, a physical feature of the optical disk is additionally measured to obtain second physical feature information. The second physical feature information is checked (collated) with the first physical feature information so as to make a decision as to whether or not a specific relationship is present therebetween. When the second physical feature information is not in the specific relation to the first physical feature information, the operation of a specific program read out from the optical disk is made to stop, the reading-out of the information is designed to stop afterwards, or a given process of the read information by a signal processing means is adapted to stop.

That is, according to this invention, there is provided an information reproducing system comprising means (17) for rotationally driving a disc-like optical recording medium (2) wherein information is recorded in the form of pits, an optical head (6) for reading out the recorded information from the optical recording medium, head-moving means (23) for making the optical head movable radially of the optical recording medium, and signal processing means for processing the information read out through the optical head, which system is characterised by including:

first physical information detecting means (743, 38, 665) for detecting on the basis of information read out through the optical head or a magnetic head first physical feature information (532) which is representative of a physical feature including at least a two-dimensional pit arrangement or pit configuration on the optical recording medium and which is encrypted and recorded at manufacturing of the optical recording medium;

decryption means (534) for decrypting the first physical feature information;

means (17a, 6, 38, 703a) for measuring a physical feature of the optical recording medium to obtain second physical feature information;

check means (535) for checking the second physical feature information with the first physical feature information to make a decision as to whether or not both are in a specific relation to each other; and

control means (717, 665) for, when the check means decides that the second physical feature information is not in the specific relation to the first physical feature information, stopping the operation of a specific program read out from the optical recording medium, for stopping the reading-out of information from the optical recording medium afterwards, or for stopping a given process of information, read out from the optical recording medium, the given process being practiced by the signal processing means.

Moreover, according to this invention, there is provided an information recording system which is characterised by comprising:

encryption means (537) for encrypting, using a one direction function, first physical feature information (532) indicative of a physical feature including at least a two-dimensional pit arrangement or pit configuration on a disc-like optical recording medium; and

recording means (37, 6, 23, 24, 17, 26, 10) for recording the encrypted first physical feature information on the optical recording medium or an original record therefor so that the encrypted first physical feature information is distinguishable from main information to be recorded on the optical recording medium.

In addition, according to this invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a disc-like optical recording medium, which comprises the steps of:

recognizing first physical feature information (532) representative of a physical feature at least including a two-dimensional pit arrangement or a pit configuration on the disc-like optical recording medium;

encrypting the first physical feature information by using a one direction function; and

recording the encrypted first physical feature information on the optical recording medium or an original record therefor so that the encrypted first physical feature information is distinguishable from main information to be recorded on the optical recording medium.

Furthermore, according to this invention, there is provided a disc-like optical recording medium which is manufactured through the steps of recognizing first physical feature information (532) representative of a physical feature at least including a two-dimensional pit arrangement or a pit configuration on the disc-like optical recording medium, encrypting the first physical feature information by using a one direction function; and recording the encrypted first physical feature information on the optical recording medium or an original record therefor so that the encrypted first physical feature information is distinguishable from main information to be recorded on the optical recording medium.

Still further, there is provided a method of preventing an illegal copy of a disc-like optical recording medium or of preventing an illegal install of information on the disc-like optical recording medium, which comprises the steps of detecting on the basis of information read out from the optical recording medium first physical feature information (532) which is representative of a physical feature including at least a two-dimensional pit arrangement or pit configuration on the optical recording medium and which is encrypted and recorded by using a one direction function at manufacturing of the optical recording medium;

decrypting the first physical feature information;

measuring a physical feature of the optical recording medium to obtain second physical feature information;

checking the second physical feature information with the first physical feature information to make a decision as to whether or not both are in a specific relation to each other; and

when the check step decides that the second physical feature information is not in the specific relation to the first physical feature information, stopping the operation of a specific program read out from the optical recording medium, stopping the reading-out of information from the optical recording medium afterwards, or stopping a given process of information, read out from the optical recording medium, the given process being practiced by signal processing means.

Moreover, there is provided a method of preventing an illegal copy of a disc-like optical recording medium or of preventing an illegal install of information on the disc-like optical recording medium, which comprises the steps of:

detecting first physical feature information (532) from the optical recording medium, the first physical feature information being indicative of a physical feature at least including a two-dimensional pit arrangement or a pit configuration on the optical recording medium, encrypted using a one direction function and recorded on the optical recording medium or an original record therefor so as to be distinguishable from main information to be recorded on the optical recording medium;

decrypting the first physical feature information;

measuring a physical feature of the optical recording medium to obtain a second physical feature information;

checking the second physical feature information with the first physical feature information to make a decision as to whether or not both are in a specific relation to each other; and

when the check step decides that the second physical feature information is not in the specific relation to the first physical feature information, stopping the operation of a specific program read out from the optical recording medium, stopping the reading-out of information from the optical recording medium afterwards, or stopping a given process of information, read out from the optical recording medium, the given process being practiced by signal processing means.

Contents of This Specification

This specification contains detailed descriptions of many embodiments, and a table of the brief contents thereof is herein appended as follows.

Summary of the Invention

Brief Description of the Drawings

Description of Reference Marks

Table of Contents of the Embodiments and Corresponding Drawings

First Embodiment

Second Embodiment

Third Embodiment

Fourth Embodiment

Fifth Embodiment

Sixth Embodiment

Seventh Embodiment

Eighth Embodiment

Ninth Embodiment

Tenth Embodiment

Eleventh Embodiment

Twelfth Embodiment

Thirteenth Embodiment

fourteenth Embodiment

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a mastering apparatus for a recording system according to a preferred second embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 2A is an illustration of variation of linear velocity with time at recording in the second embodiment;

FIG. 2B is an illustration of address locations on an optical disk at 1.2 m/s in the second embodiment;

FIG. 2C is an illustration of address locations on an optical disk at 1.2 m/s.fwdarw.1.4 m/s;

FIG. 3A is an illustration of a physical arrangement of addresses of a legal CD in the second embodiment;

FIG. 3B is an illustration of a physical arrangement of addresses of an illegally duplicated CD in the second embodiment;

FIG. 4 consists of FIG. 4(a) is an illustration of the relationship between rotational pulses for a disk and time in the second embodiment;

FIG. 4(b) is an illustration of the relationship between a physical position signal and time in the second embodiment;

FIG. 4(c) is an illustration of the relationship between address information and time;

FIG. 5 is an illustration for describing a duplicate preventing principle for a CD in the second embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a recording and reproducing system according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart for check of an illegally duplicated disk in the second embodiment;

FIG. 8A is a process illustration of a CD with an ID number recorded in a first embodiment;

FIG. 8B is an illustration of an process for a prior art CD;

FIG. 9A is a top view of a magnetizing device in the first embodiment;

FIG. 9B is a side elevational view showing a magnetizing device in the second embodiment;

FIG. 9C is an enlarged side elevational view showing the magnetizing device in the second embodiment;

FIG. 9D is a block diagram showing the magnetizing device in the second embodiment;

FIG. 10 is an illustration of the principle of ID number input in the first embodiment;

FIG. 11A is an illustration of the relationship between a linear velocity and time at a constant linear velocity in the second embodiment;

FIG. 11B is an illustration of the relationship between a linear velocity and time at variation of the linear velocity in the second embodiment;

FIG. 11C is an illustration of a physical arrangement of addresses at a constant linear velocity in the second embodiment;

FIG. 11D is an illustration of a physical arrangement of addresses at variation of the linear velocity in the second embodiment;

FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view of a legal original record in the second embodiment;

FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view showing a legally formed disk in the second embodiment;

FIG. 12C is a cross-sectional view showing an illegally duplicated original record in the second embodiment;

FIG. 12D is a cross-sectional view showing an illegally duplicated formed disk in the second embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a CD fabricating device and recording and reproducing system in the second embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a flow chart of the second embodiment;

FIG. 15 an illustration of an address arrangement on a disk original record in the second, fourth and seventh embodiments;

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a recording and reproducing system in the second embodiment;

FIG. 17A is a cross-sectional view showing an illegal disk in a third embodiment;

FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view showing a legal disk in the third embodiment;

FIG. 17C is an illustration of a waveform of an optical regenerative signal in the third embodiment;

FIG. 17D is an illustration of a digital signal in the third embodiment;

FIG. 17E is an illustration of an envelope waveform in the third embodiment;

FIG. 17F is an illustration of a digital waveform in the third embodiment;

FIG. 17G is an illustration of a waveform of a detection signal in the third embodiment;

FIG. 18 illustrates a disk physical arrangement table in the third embodiment;

FIG. 19A is an illustration of an address arrangement on an optical disk which is not in an eccentric condition, in the third embodiment;

FIG. 19B is an illustration of an address arrangement of an optical disk which is in an eccentric condition, in the third embodiment;

FIG. 20A is an illustration of tracking displacement of a legal disk in the third embodiment;

FIG. 20B is an illustration of tracking displacement of an illegally duplicated disk in the third embodiment;

FIG. 21A shows an address An in the third embodiment;

FIG. 21B illustrates an angle Zn in the third embodiment;

FIG. 21C shows an tracking displacement Tn in the third embodiment;

FIG. 21D illustrates a pit depth Dn in the third embodiment;

FIG. 22 is illustrative of a laser output, pit depth and regenerative signal in the third embodiment;

FIG. 23 is illustrative of a duplicate preventing effect relating to each original record fabricating apparatus in the second and third embodiments;

FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing an original record fabricating apparatus in the second and third embodiments;

FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing an original record fabricating apparatus in the second and third embodiments;

FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing an original record fabricating apparatus in the second and third embodiments;

FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing an original record fabricating apparatus in the second and third embodiments;

FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing an original record fabricating apparatus in the second and third embodiments;

FIG. 29 is a block diagram wholly showing an original record fabricating system in the second and third embodiments;

FIG. 30A is an illustration of a waveform of a laser output in the third embodiment;

FIG. 30B is an illustration of a waveform of a laser output in the third embodiment;

FIG. 30C is a cross-sectional view showing a substrate in the third embodiment;

FIG. 30D is a cross-sectional view showing a substrate in the third embodiment;

FIG. 30E is a cross-sectional view showing a formed disk in the third embodiment;

FIG. 31 is an illustration of the relationship between an laser recording output and regenerative signal in the third embodiment;

FIG. 32 is illustrative of a process for an original recording fabrication in the third embodiment;

FIG. 33A is a top view showing a fabricated original record in the third embodiment;

FIG. 33B is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a press die for an original record in the third embodiment;

FIG. 34 illustrates a process for an original record fabrication in the third embodiment;

FIG. 35A is a top view showing a fabricated original record in the third embodiment;

FIG. 35B is a transverse cross-sectional view showing an original record and press die in the third embodiment;

FIG. 36 is a flow chart showing a process for fabricating an original record and for manufacturing a recording medium in the third embodiment;

FIG. 37 is a flow chart showing a disk check method in the third embodiment;

FIG. 38 is a block diagram showing disk formation in the third embodiment;

FIG. 39 is a block diagram showing a low-reflection portion position detecting section in the third embodiment;

FIG. 40 is a block diagram showing a recording and reproducing system in the third embodiment;

FIG. 41A is a top view of a disk in a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 41B is a top view of a disk in the first embodiment;

FIG. 41C is a top view of a disk in the first embodiment;

FIG. 41D is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a disk in the first embodiment;

FIG. 41E is an illustration of a waveform of a regenerative signal in the first embodiment;

FIG. 42 illustrates a principle for position detection of an address and clock of a low-reflection portion in a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 43 is an illustration of comparison between low-reflection portion address tables of a legal disk and duplicated disk in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 44 is a flow chart showing a disk check using a one direction function in the second, third and fourth embodiments;

FIG. 45 is an illustration of coordinate positions of original records in the second embodiment;

FIG. 46 is a flow chart of a low-reflection position detection program in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 47 is a flow illustration of a manufacturing method of a low-reflection portion in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 48 is a flow illustration of a manufacturing method of a low-reflection portion in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 49 is a flow illustration of a manufacturing method of a low-reflection portion in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 50 is a flow illustration of a manufacturing method of a low-reflection portion in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 51 is a top view showing a disk in the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 52 shows a data structure of a master cipher in a six embodiment;

FIG. 53 is an illustration of physical formation in the six embodiment;

FIG. 54 is an illustration of a principle for duplicate detection by an error CP code in a fifth embodiment;

FIG. 55 is an illustration of a principle for duplicate detection by an EFM patent code in a fifth embodiment;

FIG. 56 is an illustration of a duplicate preventing EFM conversion table in the fifth embodiment;

FIG. 57 is a flow chart showing a selection method of a plurality of sub-cipher encoders in the sixth embodiment;

FIG. 58 is a flow chart showing an install allowing method in the sixth embodiment;

FIG. 59 is a principle illustration of a disk based on a duplicate preventing method using an optical mark in the first embodiment;

FIG. 60 shows a manufacturing process of a low-reflection portion of an optical disk in a seventh embodiment;

FIG. 61 illustrates a manufacturing process of first and second low-reflection portions in the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 62A is a block diagram showing a recording and reproducing system based on an off-track method in an eighth embodiment;

FIG. 62B is an illustration of tracking in an on-track condition according to an off-track method in the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 62C is an illustration of tracking in an off-track condition due to an off-track method in the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 63 is an principle illustration of a duplicate preventing method based on a combination of an arrangement angle detecting method and an off-track signal method in the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 64A is a top view showing a foreign material arrangement on a label surface of a CD in a ninth embodiment;

FIG. 64B shows a displaying state of a CD in a display section in the ninth embodiment;

FIG. 65 illustrates a displaying state state of an error message in a display section in the ninth embodiment;

FIG. 66 is a flow chart showing a cleaning display in the ninth embodiment;

FIG. 67 is an illustration of a manufacturing process of a bar code due to cutting in the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 68 is an illustration of a manufacturing process of first and second reflection films in the seventh embodiment;

FIG. 69 is a block diagram showing a magnetic recording system in an eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 70 is a flow chart showing an operation of the eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 71 is a flow chart showing an operation of the eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 72 is a flow chart showing an operation of the eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 73 is a flow chart showing an operation of the eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 74 is a flow chart showing an operation of the eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 75 is a flow chart showing an operation of the eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 76 is an illustration of a data hierarchical structure of a ROM section and RAM section of an optical disk in the eleventh embodiment;

FIG. 77 is a block diagram showing an image encoding section in an twelfth embodiment;

FIG. 78 is a block diagram showing an image compressing encoder in the twelfth embodiment;

FIG. 79 is a flow chart showing an operation of the twelfth embodiment;

FIG. 80 is a flow chart showing an install program in the first embodiment;

FIG. 81 is an illustration of display on a screen in the first embodiment;

FIG. 82 is a block diagram showing a recording and reproducing system according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 83 is a flow chart showing encryption in a thirteenth embodiment;

FIG. 84 is a flow chart showing a main cipher in the thirteenth embodiment;

FIG. 85 is a flow chart showing a reflecting film recording routine in the thirteenth embodiment;

FIG. 86 is a flow chart at disk reproduction in the thirteenth embodiment;

FIG. 87 is a flow chart showing a decryption in the thirteenth embodiment;

FIG. 88A is a block diagram showing a mastering apparatus in a fourteenth embodiment;

FIG. 88B is a block diagram showing a mastering apparatus in a fourteenth embodiment;

FIG. 89 is a flow chart showing formation of an original record in the fourteenth embodiment;

FIG. 90 is a block diagram showing an information processing unit in the fourteenth embodiment;

FIG. 91 is a flow chart at information reproduction in the fourteenth embodiment;

FIG. 92 shows a reproduction principle of an in-phase signal in the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 93A is illustrative of the principle of a two-point coincidence system in the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 93B is illustrative of the principle of a three-point coincidence system in the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 94 is illustrative of four-point coincidence system in the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 95 is a first flow chart in the thirteenth embodiment;

FIG. 96 is a second flow chart in the thirteenth embodiment; and

FIG. 97 is a top view showing a second low-reflection portion in the seventh embodiment.

Reference marks used in the drawings will be described hereinbelow for reference.

1 recording and reproducing system

2 recording medium

2M original record

3 magnetic recording layer

4 optical recording layer

5 optical transmission layer

6, 6M optical head

7 optical recording block

8 magnetic head

8a main magnetic pole

8b magnetic sub-pole

8c head cap

8e uniform magnetic field area

8m magnetic field modulation magnetic head

8s cancelling magnetic head

9 magnetic recording block

10M system control section

17, 17M motor

18 optical head

19 head base

23, 23M head moving actuator

23a traverse actuator

24a traverse movement circuit

24M tracking circuit

30 memory

34a memory (for system)

37 optical recording circuit

37a time base circuit

37b optical recording section

37c optical output section

37d combination section

38 frame synchronizing signal

38a clock reproduction circuit

40 coil

40a magnetic field modulation coil

40b magnetic recording coil

40c tap

40d tap

40e tap

41 slider

42 disk cassette

43 printing ground layer

44 printing area

45 printing

46 pit

47 substrate

48 optical reflective layer

49 printing ink

50 protective layer

51 arrow

52 optical recording signal

54 lens

57 light-emitting section

60 adhesive layer

61 magnetic recording signal

65 optical track

66 focal point

67 magnetic track

67a recording magnetic track

67b reproduction magnetic track

67s servo magnetic track

67f guard band

67g guard band

67x cleaning track

69 high .mu. magnetic layer

70 head gap

70a recording head gap

70b reproduction head gap

81 interference layer

84 reflective layer

85 modulated magnetic field

85a magnetic flux

85b magnetic flux

150 coupling section

201 decision step

202 reproduction step

203 reproduction copy step

204 reproduction dedicated step

205 recording copy step

206 recording step

207 copy step

210 demagnetizing area

210a demagnetizing area

210b demagnetizing area

301 shutter

302 head hole

303 liner hole

304 liner

305 liner supporting section

305a movable section

305b sub-liner supporting section

305c liner elevating section

307 channel

307a liner driving channel

310 liner pin

311 liner pin guide

312 pin driving lever

313 recognition hole

314 protective pin

315 liner driving section

316 pin shaft

317 spring

318 coupling portion

319 pin shutter

320 optical address

321a center

321b center

321c center

322 optical data train

323 address

324 data

325 guard band

326 track group

327 block

328 track data

328 synchronizing signal

329 address

330 parity

331 data

333 separation circuit

334 modulation circuit

335 disk circuit angle detecting section

336 eccentricity correction memory

337 signal-free area

338 traverse control section

339 table showing correspondence between optical address and magnetic address

340 head amplifier

341 demodulator

342 error check section

343 data separation section

344 AND circuit

345 recording data

346 light-free address area

347 optical address area

348 magnetic TOC area

349 track locus

350 head reproduction section

351 memory data

352 coating material barrel

353 coating material transfer roll

354 intaglio drum

355 etching section

356 scriber

357 soft transfer roll

358 coating section

360 magnetic shield

361 resin section

362 random magnetic field generator

363 traverse shaft

363b magnetic head traverse shaft

364 positional reference section

365 disk lock section

366 traverse coupling section

367 traverse gear

367c magnetic head traverse gear

368 reference table

369 synchronizing section

370 recording format

371 track number section

372 data section

373 CRC section

374 gap portion

375 guide section for coupling section

376 disk cleaning section

377 magnetic head cleaning section

378 noise canceller

380 coupling section for disk cleaning section

381 magnetic sensor

382 optical reduction clock signal

383 magnetic lock signal

384 magnetic recording signal

385 decision window time

386 optical sensor

387 optical mark

387a bar code

388 light-transmitting section

389 upper cover

390 cassette cover

391 magnetic plane shutter

392 shutter coupling section

393 cassette cover rotary shaft

394 insertion opening

395 tape

396 label section

397 buzzer

398 magnetic recording area

399 screen printer

400 bar code printer

401 high Hc section

402 magnetic section

402a space section

403 magnetic section