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Claims  |
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We claim:
1. An electrically conductive element comprising a support and having
thereon in at least one region, an electrically conductive layer formed
from application of an electrically conductive coating composition, said
electrically conductive layer being present on said support at a dry
coverage of at least 150 mg/m.sup.2,
said electrically conductive coating composition comprising a solution of:
a) a complex of a polymeric polyaniline and a protonic acid that has a
counter-ion that imparts conductivity to said composition,
said complex being dissolved in a first solvent that has a Hansen polar
solubility parameter of from 13 to about 17 MPa.sup.1/2, and a Hansen
hydrogen bonding solubility parameter of from about 5 to about 14
MPa.sup.1/2, and
b) a film-forming binder dissolved in a second solvent, wherein said first
and second solvents are the same or different,
provided that the total solids in said composition is less than or equal to
about 10 weight % of the total composition, and the weight ratio of said
binder to said complex is at least about 2:1,
wherein said first solvent is dimethylsulfoxide, a g-butyrolactone/lower
alcohol blend, a propylene carbonate/lower alcohol blend, an ethylene
carbonate/lower alcohol blend, a propylene carbonate/ethylene
carbonate/lower alcohol blend, or a mixture thereof, wherein said lower
alcohol has up to 4 carbon atoms,
said second solvent is water, a chlorinated solvent, or a mixture of a
chlorinated solvent with a lower alcohol or acetone, wherein said lower
alcohol has up to 4 carbon atoms,
the weight ratio of said second solvent to said first solvent is from about
5:1 to about 19:1, and
said electrically conductive layer having a resistivity of less than or
equal to 10.9 log ohms/square.
2. The element of claim 1 wherein said support is a polymeric film support.
3. The element of claim 1 wherein said support is a resin-coated paper.
4. The element of claim 1 wherein said electrically conductive layer has
been applied directly to said support.
5. The element of claim 1 wherein one or more layers are applied over said
electrically conductive layer.
6. The element of claim 5 wherein at least one of said layers applied over
said electrically conductive layer is a magnetic recording layer.
7. The element of claim 1 wherein having one or more layers between said
support and said electrically conductive layer.
8. The element of claim 7 wherein at least one of said layers between said
support and said electrically conductive layer is a magnetic recording
layer.
9. The element of claim 1 wherein said electrically conductive layer is
also a magnetic recording layer comprising ferromagnetic particles.
10. The element of claim 1 further comprising one or more imaging layers on
the same side of said support as said electrically conductive layer.
11. The element of claim 1 further comprising one or more imaging layers on
the opposite side of said support as said electrically conductive layer.
12. The element of claim 1 wherein comprising one or more photographic
silver halide emulsion layers.
13. The element of claims wherein:
said film-forming binder is a methyl methacrylate polymer, an ethyl
methacrylate polymer, polyvinyl acetate, a styrene-olefin copolymer, a
polyurethane, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral, polycarbonate, a
cellulose ester, a cellulose ether, an acrylamide polymer, a fluorinated
vinyl ether polymer, a vinyl pyrrolidone polymer, an ionic polyester, an
ionic acrylonitrile-vinylidene chloride polymer, methylcellulose,
cellulose nitrate, gelatin, a gelatin derivative, or a polysaccharide,
said polyaniline having a number average molecular weight of at least about
1000 daltons, and is prepared by polymerizing an aniline having the
structure I:
##STR5##
wherein R is the same or different at each occurrence and is an alkyl
group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, a
cycloalkenyl group, an alkanoyl group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy
group, an alkylthioalkyl group, an alkylaryl group, an arylalkyl group, an
alkylsulfinyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an aryl
group, an arylthio group, an arylsulfinyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group,
an aryloxycarbonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, carboxy, halo or cyano,
or any two R groups, taken together, are an alkylene group or alkenylene
group completing a 3- to 7-membered aromatic or alicyclic ring fused to
the central ring of structure I, and having carbon, nitrogen, sulfur or
oxygen atoms or a sulfinyl group,
m is an integer of from 1 to 5, and
n is an integer of from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of m and n is 5, and
said protonic acid has any of the structures II:
A-R.sup.1
##STR6##
wherein A is sulfonic acid, R.sup.1 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group,
an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkanoyl
group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthioalkyl group, an
alkylaryl group, an arylalkyl group, an alkylsulfinyl group, an
alkoxyalkyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an aryl group, an arylthio
group, an arylsulfinyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl
group, an arylsulfonyl group, carboxy, halo or cyano, or a 3- to
7-membered heterocyclic ring having carbon, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen
atoms,
R' is an alkylene group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
R.sup.2 is the same or different at each occurrence and is an alkyl group,
an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl
group, an alkanoyl group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy group, an
alkylthioalkyl group, an alkylaryl group, an arylalkyl group, an
alkylsulfinyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an aryl
group, an arylthio group, an arylsulfinyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group,
an aryloxycarbonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, carboxy, halo, oxo or
cyano, or R.sup.2 is a divalent aliphatic group bonded to different,
non-adjacent carbon atoms of the central ring to form an aromatic or
alicyclic ring fused to the central ring of structure III or IV, and
having carbon, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms or a sulfinyl group,
p is an integer of from 1 to 5,
q is an integer of from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of m and n is 5, and
t is 0 or 1.
14. The element of claim 13 wherein said protonic acid is
10-camphorsulfonic acid, said first solvent is dimethylsulfoxide, said
second solvent is dichloromethane, and said film-forming binder is
polymethyl methacrylate.
15. An imaging element comprising a support having:
one or more imaging layers, and
on the same, opposite or both sides of said support, an electrically
conductive layer formed from application of an electrically conductive
coating composition, said electrically conductive layer being present on
said support in each instance at a dry coverage of at least 150
mg/m.sup.2,
said electrically conductive coating composition comprising a solution of:
a) a complex of a polymeric polyaniline and a protonic acid that has a
counter-ion that imparts conductivity to said composition,
said complex being dissolved in a first solvent that has a Hansen polar
solubility parameter of from 13 to about 17 MPa.sup.1/2, and a Hansen
hydrogen bonding solubility parameter of from about 5 to about 14
MPa.sup.1/2, and
b) a film-forming binder dissolved in a second solvent, wherein said first
and second solvents are the same or different,
provided that the total solids in said composition is less than or equal to
about 10 weight % of the total composition, and the weight ratio of said
binder to said complex is at least about 2:1.
16. The element of claim 15 wherein:
said one or more imaging layers are photographic silver halide emulsion
layers,
said support is a polymeric film support,
said polyaniline having a number average molecular weight of at least about
1000 daltons, and is prepared by polymerizing an aniline having the
structure I:
##STR7##
wherein R is the same or different at each occurrence and is an alkyl
group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, a
cycloalkenyl group, an alkanoyl group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy
group, an alkylthioalkyl group, an alkylaryl group, an arylalkyl group, an
alkylsulfinyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an aryl
group, an arylthio group, an arylsulfinyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group,
an aryloxycarbonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, carboxy, halo or cyano,
or any two R groups, taken together, are an alkylene group or alkenylene
group completing a 3- to 7-membered aromatic or alicyclic ring fused to
the central ring of structure I, and having carbon, nitrogen, sulfur or
oxygen atoms or a sulfinyl group,
m is an integer of from 1 to 5, and
n is an integer of from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of m and n is 5, and
said protonic acid has any of the structures II:
A-R.sup.1
##STR8##
wherein A is sulfonic acid, R.sup.1 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group,
an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkanoyl
group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthioalkyl group, an
alkylaryl group, an arylalkyl group, an alkylsulfinyl group, an
alkoxyalkyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an aryl group, an arylthio
group, an arylsulfinyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl
group, an arylsulfonyl group, carboxy, halo or cyano, or a 3- to
7-membered heterocyclic ring having carbon, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen
atoms,
R' is an alkylene group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
R.sup.2 is the same or different at each occurrence and is an alkyl group,
an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl
group, an alkanoyl group, an alkylthio group, an aryloxy group, an
alkylthioalkyl group, an alkylaryl group, an arylalkyl group, an
alkylsulfinyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an aryl
group, an arylthio group, an arylsulfinyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group,
an aryloxycarbonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, carboxy, halo, oxo or
cyano, or R.sup.2 is a divalent aliphatic group bonded to two different,
nonadjacent carbon atoms of the central ring to form an aromatic or
alicyclic ring fused to the central ring of structure III or IV, and
having carbon, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms or a sulfinyl group,
p is an integer of from 1 to 5,
q is an integer of from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of m and n is 5, and
t is 0 or 1.
17. The element of claim 16 wherein said protonic acid is hexanesulfonic
acid, octanesulfonic acid, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid,
10-camphorsulfonic acid, ethylbenzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic
acid, o-anisidine-5-sulfonic acid, p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid,
hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, trichlorobenzenesulfonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenonesulfonic acid, 4-nitrotoluene-2-sulfonic
acid, dinonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, or 4-morpholineethanesulfonic acid,
methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid,
C.sub.8 F.sub.17 -sulfonic acid, 3-hydroxypropane sulfonic acid,
dioctylsulfosuccinate, 3-pyridinesulfonic acid or p-polystyrenesulfonic
acid.
18. The element of claim 16 which is a color photographic film wherein said
support is composed of polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene
naphthalate, said protonic acid is 10-camphorsulfonic acid, said organic
solvent is dimethylsulfoxide, said second solvent is dichloromethane, said
film-forming binder is polymethyl methacrylate.
19. The element of claim 16 further comprising a transparent magnetic
recording layer on said support opposite the side having said photographic
silver halide emulsion layers, said magnetic recording layer comprising a
ferromagnetic iron oxide with or without cobalt or zinc in solid solution
or surface treated, or a chromium dioxide with or without metallic
elements or halogen atoms in solid solution.
20. The element of claim 19 wherein said magnetic recording layer comprises
cobalt doped .gamma.-iron oxide particles.
21. The element of claim 1 wherein the total solids in said electrically
conductive coating composition is from about 0.1 to about 6 weight % of
the total composition.
22. The element of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of said binder to said
complex is from about 10:1 to about 99:1.
23. The element of claim 1 wherein said first and second solvents are
different and the weight ratio of said second solvent to said first
solvent is from about 7:1 to about 19:1.
24. The element of claim 1 wherein said film-forming binder is a methyl
methacrylate polymer, an ethyl methacrylate polymer, polyvinyl acetate, a
styrene-olefin copolymer, a polyurethane, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl
butyral, polycarbonate, a cellulose ester, a cellulose ether, an
acrylamide polymer, a fluorinated vinyl ether polymer, a vinyl pyrrolidone
polymer, an ionic polyester, an ionic acrylonitrile-vinylidene chloride
polymer, methylcellulose, cellulose nitrate, gelatin, a gelatin
derivative, or a polysaccharide.
25. The element of claim 1 wherein said binder is present in an amount of
up to about 5 weight % of the total composition.
26. The element of claim 1 wherein said protonic acid is hexanesulfonic
acid, octanesulfonic acid, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid,
10-camphorsulfonic acid, ethylbenzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic
acid, o-anisidine-5-sulfonic acid, p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid,
hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, trichlorobenzenesulfonic acid,
2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenonesulfonic acid, 4-nitrotoluene-2-sulfonic
acid, dinonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-morpholineethanesulfonic acid,
methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid,
C.sub.8 F.sub.17 -sulfonic acid, 3-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid,
dioctylsulfosuccinate, 3-pyridinesulfonic acid or p-polystyrenesulfonic
acid. |
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Claims |
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