A liquid crystal display (LCD) has a plurality of pixels, each having an aperture region. A LCD display element includes a shorting metal formed outside of the pixel aperture region for converting defective pixels into black defects. The shorting metal is formed from the same material used in, and during the same manufacturing step of, forming the TFT gate electrode. Therefore, the pixel aperture ratio is not reduced and subsequent steps to form the shorting metal are unnecessary.
Peripheries of a contact 26 for connecting a polycrystalline silicon layer 20 to a pixel electrode 28 are cut by a laser to form a cut area 50. By this cut area 50, the polycrystalline silicon layer 20 around the contact 26 is also cut. In consequence, a TFT 24 is separated from the pixel electrode 28 and a supplemental capacitor electrode 32 to reliably accomplish darkening.
A repairable integrated thin film transistor matrix substrate includes an insulated substrate, and a plurality of parallel gate bus lines and a plurality of accumulated capacitance bus lines formed on the insulated substrate. Each of the accumulated capacitance bus lines extend parallel to and between a pair of the gate bus lines, and has a plurality of auxiliary capacitance electrodes which extend from it. A first insulated film is provided on the gate and accumulated capacitance bus lines and the auxiliary capacitance electrodes. A plurality of operating films are formed on the first insulated film, and on each of the operating films, a corresponding thin film transistors are provided. At least two of the thin film transistors are electrically connected to each of the gate bus lines. Also included is a plurality of parallel drain bus lines which are provided substantially perpendicular to the gate and the accumulated capacitance bus lines on the first insulated film. Each drain bus line electrically connects at least two of the thin film transistors. In addition, a second insulated film having an opening over each of the thin film transistors is provided on the thin film transistors and the drain bus lines. Further, a plurality of pixel electrodes are provided on the second insulated film, which pixel electrodes being electrically connected to a corresponding one of the transistors via the opening. At least one first portion of at least one of the gate and the drain bus lines overlaps with at least one second portion of at least one of the auxiliary capacitance and the pixel electrodes. A method for repairing the matrix substrate generally includes electrically connecting a conductor to either sides of a defect to act as a bypass.
