A memory array architecture includes a plurality of memory cells formed into rows and columns. A plurality of bit lines is connected to the memory cells through select transistors. By disposing adjacent bit lines into different metal layers or alternatively interlocating adjacent bit lines, the coupling effect between bit lines can be effectively reduced, and thus can improve reading speed of memory while performing read operation.

A method and structure is capable of scanning through available programs on a display screen and selectively displaying the most recently scanned programs in a spiral formation on the display screen. The spiral formation conveys visual information to the viewer about when the programs were scanned by the arrangement and sizing of a number of positions of the spiral formation. Provided with the visual information of the recently scanned programs in the spiral formation, the viewer can readily determine which programs were recently scanned and when they were scanned.

A photomontage system which can select an appropriate document size of a picture to be sensed without requiring user's knowledge about the document sizes, and carry out effective image processing in accordance with the size. An image reader scans in a maximum size a printed photograph placed thereon, and supplies a main processor with the sensed image. The main processor applies the sensed image into service size frames in a display processor, and displays them as a selection picture. In response to the selection of a user who selects the picture (frame) that correctly displays the sensed image, a operation detector circuit detects its document size, and sends a command to a combiner processor. In accordance with the selected document size, the combiner processor clips an image from the sensed image and combines it with a prepared image. The composite image is supplied to a printer to be printed out.

As various objects, images, etc. are selectively enlarged or reduced in size on a screen using a zooming operation, at least three marks are displayed to provide a visual indication of the limits for zoom-in and zoom-out operations. The first and second marks indicate limits for enlarging and decreasing a picture, respectively, while the third mark indicates a position of the current screen display with respect to the displayed limits for the zoom-in and zoom-out operations.

A graphical user interface "touch screen" having an entire collection of icons displayed at a scale in which the individual function of each icon is recognizable, but too small to easily access features of the function, and wherein upon touching the screen area accommodating an area of the icon, the screen provides a zoomed in version of that area so that the user can select a desired feature.