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Description  |
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates, generally, to a system for downloading data via a
telecommunications network and, more particularly, to a system for the
non-disruptive, scheduled or event driven downloading of data using a
telemetry system.
It will be appreciated that a wide variety of information providers can be
accessed over the telecommunications network, the Internet, local area
networks or combinations thereof from a customer's computer site.
Typically, the customer's computer site is connected to an information
provider's data base allowing the customer to perform a search or
otherwise identify selected data. The customer, after identifying the
selected data, enters a data transfer request and the information provider
downloads the selected data from its data base to the customer's computer
in response to that request. One problem with such a system is that the
customer must wait while the data is downloaded where the wait can be
significant due to network congestion and/or low data speed connections.
Such an operation is inefficient in that the customer must be idle and
cannot perform further online functions until the downloading of data is
completed. Moreover, because most search requests are made during peak
hours, valuable network resources are tied up during the downloading of
the data that could be otherwise employed.
It is also known in the art to delay the downloading of data to an off-peak
time (i.e., in the middle of the night) to avoid the problems noted above.
In such arrangements the information provider establishes a connection to
the modem of the customer's computer and the network switching system
transmits a power ringing signal over the public switched telephone
network to the modem to "wake up" the modem for the data download. It will
be appreciated that the power ringing signal is disruptive to the
customer, especially for calls made during the middle of the night.
Moreover, a regular call with power ringing may be forwarded to another
termination (e.g. voice mail) or may be detected by an answering machine
or other customer device before the modem goes "off-hook." Both scenarios
are unacceptable for data connections. Moreover, these prior art systems
require that the modem and computer be fully powered to receive the
ringing signal.
An existing system for transferring data is known in the telemetry art
where a customer's utility meter is accessed over the telephone network by
the controlling utility such that a meter reading can be taken remotely.
One telemetry system transmits a suppressed ringing signal to the
customer's premise to create a connection without audible ringing and is
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,189,694 issued to Garland on Feb. 3, 1993;
U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,644 issued to Garland et al. on Sep. 7, 1993; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,394,461 issued to Garland on Feb. 28, 1995; and U.S. Pat. No.
5,327,488 issued to Garland on Jul. 5, 1994. Such connections are commonly
used by utilities to read utility meters or by other entities to transmit
and gather data to and from a remote site. These systems have not been
used for the non-disruptive, scheduled or event driven downloading of data
to a customer premise.
Thus, a system for the non-disruptive scheduled or event driven downloading
of data to a customer premise is desired.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The customer performs a search or otherwise defines or identifies selected
data maintained by an information provider. Once the selected data is
identified, the information provider maintains the requested data,
typically by maintaining pointers identifying the data, but delays
delivery of the requested data until the scheduled delivery time, such as
a particular day and time requested by the customer or as determined by
the information provider. When the information provider determines that
delivery is appropriate, it makes a request for a suppressed ringing
connection to a switching system. The switching system, following
appropriate security clearances, responds to the request for connection by
creating a suppressed ringing connection where a silent alert tone is
transmitted to the customer premise equipment. The modem receives one or
more alert tones from the switching system over the suppressed ringing
connection and becomes active. The modem, upon being activated, causes the
customer's computer (or intelligent peripheral such as an ADSI telephone
or other scaled down device having data storage and display capabilities)
or portions of the computer such as a particular memory to power-up such
that the computer can receive the data from the information provider.
Alternatively, a digital alert signal (rather than the analog alert tone)
can be transmitted to a digital interface (rather than the modem) for
activating the customer's computer. The digital connection can be ISDN,
T-1 or any other high speed digital connection. Once the downloading of
data is completed the information provider drops the carrier frequency or
sends a data message to deactivate the customer's modem and computer or
the switching system sends another signal to deactivate the modem and
computer and return to the pre-suppressed ringing state.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the system of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart describing the method of operation of the system of
the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The system of the invention is used in a public switched telecommunications
network such as is illustrated in FIG. 1 and consists of a plurality of
switching systems connected to one another in the public switched network
1 over inter-office trunks 3 as is well understood. Referring to switching
system 2, each switching system can consist of one of the family of
5ESS.RTM. switches manufactured and sold by Lucent Technologies Inc. and
described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,592,048 issued to Beckner et al. on May 27,
1986 and in AT&T Technical Journal, Vol. 64, No. 6, Part 2, pp. 1305-1524,
or any other similar switching system. Switching system 2 operates as is
well known in the art to switch voice and data through the network. The
architecture of such a switching system is shown and includes a
communication module 4 forming a hub and having a plurality of switch
modules (SM) 6, and an administration module (AM) 8 emanating therefrom.
Each switch module 6 is controlled by microprocessor 7 and provides call
processing, space division switching, and signaling for the lines and
trunks to which it is connected. Line units (LU) 10 provide interface to
the local loops 12 that connect to the customer premise equipment and
trunk units (TU) 13 provide interface to the trunks 3 that connect to
other switches in the network. The administration module 8 provides
functions that can be centralized such as maintenance control, craft
interface, text and data base management, call routing and time slot
allocation. The administration module 8 consists of a control unit such as
the Lucent Technologies Inc. 3B21D duplex processor and a main memory. In
some switching systems, the administration module is assisted by a
separate processor that performs some administrative functions. The
administration module 8 also includes an input/output processor providing
communication between the switching system 2 and central office peripheral
devices 16 such as terminals, printers and the like. Communication module
4 is the hub of the switching system and allows communication between the
administration module 8 and the switch modules 6. Communication module 4
consists of a message switch that provides the administration
module-to-switch module and switch module-to-switch module message
communication, and a time multiplexed switch providing the switch
module-to-switch module and switch module-to-administration module time
slot connection for voice and data communication and the clock
distribution. While the architecture of one particular switching system
has been shown and described, it will be understood that any similar
switching system can be used.
The local loops 12 typically consisting of a pair of copper wires, coaxial
cables, fiber or any similar transmission media defining local lines 11
that connect switch 2 to customer premise equipment (CPE) such as
telephones, utility meters, appliances, multimedia equipment, terminals or
the like. The local loops may also include digital loop carrier systems
(DLC) 15 such as the SLC.RTM. series of digital loop carriers manufactured
and sold by Lucent Technologies Inc. The customer premise equipment
includes a receiving system for receiving and storing the downloaded data.
One arrangement of the customer premise equipment is illustrated at 30
where transmission member 11 is terminated at a modem 35. Modem 35 and
computer 34, consisting of a processor 36 and memory 37, are arranged in
series as is known in the art. A power supply 38 for powering the customer
premise equipment and a display (monitor) 39 and customer interface
(keyboard) 40 are connected to the processor as is known in the art. Modem
35 can either be a stand alone unit or it can be integral to computer 34
or other terminal or intelligent peripheral. In either arrangement, the
modem is connected to the telephone line in parallel with all other
devices such as telephone 41. In the system of the invention, the modem 35
includes alert circuitry for receiving an analog tone alert from the
switching system rather than the power ringing alert circuitry of the
prior art modems. If a digital alert signal is used instead of the tone
alert, the modem 35 is replaced by a digital interface for receiving the
digital alert signal and activating the computer.
In an alternate embodiment of the customer premise equipment shown at 42,
the customer's computer is not continuously powered up. Rather, the modem
35 or digital interface is connected to power on/off circuitry 43. The
alert circuitry in the modem 35 or digital interface are continually
powered using a small amount of power from a bleed line from the power
supply, a battery or a charged capacitor. When the alert tone or digital
alert is received by the alert circuitry a signal lead, relay, or
electronic switch from the modem 35 or digital interface to the on/off
circuitry 43 is activated to allow power supply 38 to power up the
computer (or relevant portions of the computer).
After being activated, called modem 35 sends a unique signal (Reverse
Carrier Tone) to the calling modem. In some cases the tones are reversed
in that the calling modem initiates the modem identification tone. After
the identification tone, modem 35 follows a standard speed and sync
technique to establish the data communications as is known in the art.
After speed and sync are established, a data session is established.
An information provider's control unit 44 consisting of a processor 45,
modem 46 and memory 47 is provided. The information provider can consist
of any entity providing on line searching or data retrieval services or
any entity having stored information intended for dissemination such as
government agencies. Control unit 44 is connected to the switching system
2 over a dedicated or dial up line 48. Alternatively, control unit 40
could be connected to the switching system via the Internet. Control unit
40 may include an interface such as a keyboard and monitor 49 as will be
understood.
A central office service unit (COSU) 50 is connected to the switch 2 over
one or more utility telemetry trunks (UTT) 52 and by a dial up or
dedicated line 53. Moreover, COSU 50 could be integrated into one of the
switching systems in the network rather than being a stand alone unit. As
will be appreciated, line 53 can be connected to line 48 through the
switch fabric of switching system 2 in the same manner as voice and data
connections to allow control unit 44 to communicate with COSU 50. As
explained in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,189,694 issued to Garland on Feb.
23, 1993; U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,644 issued to Garland et al. on Sep. 7,
1993; U.S. Pat. No. 5,394,461 issued to Garland on Feb. 28, 1995; and U.S.
Pat. No. 5,327,488 issued to Garland on Jul. 5, 1994, COSU 50 and UTT 52
are used to make a suppressed ringing connection between a first entity
having access to the COSU and a second entity. The system of the invention
uses the suppressed ringing connection to allow the control unit 44 to
cause the switch network to silently alert modem 35 such that the control
unit 44 and computer 34 can communicate with one another without an
audible power ringing signal being heard at the customer premise. While
such a suppressed ringing connection has previously been used to allow a
utility to initiate a connection with an outbound telemetry interface
unit, it has not been used for silently alerting a modem thereby allowing
the non-disruptive downloading of data to be performed.
COSU 50 can be connected to more than one switching system as illustrated
in FIG. 1 where another UTT 54 connects the COSU 50 to additional
switching systems 56. Alternatively, a common channel signaling network
such as SS7 network 58 can be used to connect COSU 50 to a second
switching system 60 via the first switching system as is known in the art.
As a result, the control unit 44 can be connected to TIUs hosted by
different switching systems in the network. COSU 50, as is known, creates
a one to many connection in which line 48 (which is switch connected to
line 53 through the switch fabric) can be connected to a plurality of UTTs
52. In this manner, the COSU serves to multiplex and demultiplex the
signals as they are transmitted between line 53 and UTTs 52. UTTs 52 are,
in turn, connected to a multiplicity of local lines 11 via the switch
fabric.
Referring more particularly to FIG. 2, the operation of the system will be
described. The customer accesses the information provider's data base via
its computer and performs a search or otherwise defines selected data
maintained by the information provider as is known (block 201). In
addition to a customer initiated search, it is contemplated that the
selected data can be obtained automatically by the information provider
based on a stored customer profile or other customer defined parameter
(block 202). For example, the customer profile could direct that the
information provider compile data on a certain subject (i.e. select stock
prices, sporting scores or the like) on a periodic basis (i.e. weekly).
Moreover, the profile could be event driven in that the selected data is
transmitted whenever a customer specified event occurs. The specific
parameters defined in the customer profile are controllable at the
customer's request. For example, a news clipping service could search
available data bases and transmit selected data when a customer selected
topic is found such as by stock movements, advertising topics, news events
or the like. The customer profile can also combine parameters such that
the selected data is gathered based on the occurrence of an event and is
delivered based on the customer's requested delivery schedule. If the
information provider receives information from other sources, the customer
profile can be used as a filter to prevent delivery of unwanted
information. Finally, multiple profiles can be used for a single billing
customer such that individual family members can have separate profiles
under a single customer account.
Once the selected data is identified the scheduled delivery parameters are
determined (block 203) either from the customer's explicit request for a
delayed delivery (block 200), such as by specifying a time certain for the
data delivery to occur, or by reference to the parameters defined in the
customer profile and/or based on network resource availability.
Alternatively, the information provider could offer delayed delivery as
the default option such that the customer must request immediate delivery.
The information provider maintains a record of the requested data in
memory but delays delivery of the requested data until the scheduled
delivery time, such as the particular day and time requested by the
customer or a non-peak period as determined by the information provider
(block 204). When the information provider determines that delivery is
appropriate, it makes a request for a connection to switching system 2
(block 205). If the customer is connected to the information provider at
the determined delivery time, the information provider notifies the
customer and the customer may permit the download or request a further
delay. The request for the connection can be made manually or
automatically. For example, control unit 44 of the information provider
can be programmed to automatically initiate the call at the determined
time or the request can be made manually via interface 49 such as from a
customer service station. The request for a connection includes a unique
identifier that identifies the modem or intelligent peripheral being
called. The identifier could be the telephone number of the local loop
hosting the modem or it could be another identifier. If an identifier
other than a telephone number is used, a translation between the
identifier and the telephone number of the customer being called is made
in a data base that is accessible by the switching system.
The COSU 50 receives the request for connection from the controlling entity
via the switch fabric of switching system 2 and the COSU transmits the
request to the switching system. The switching system 2 responds to the
request for connection by creating a suppressed ringing connection where a
silent alert tone is transmitted to the customer premise equipment (block
206). In those architectures where the COSU functionality is integrated in
the switching system, the switching system alerts the CPE. Note, the
suppressed ringing connection could also include abbreviated ringing such
as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,644 and 5,452,343 issued to Garland et
al. to allow the tone to pass through concentrated digital loop carriers
15 such as the Mode II SLC.RTM. 96 manufactured and sold by Lucent
Technologies Inc. that are commonly found serving subscriber lines. The
modem receives one or more tone alerts or the digital interface receives a
digital alert signal from the switching system over the connection
established using suppressed ringing and becomes active without power
ringing in response to the tone or digital signal (block 207).
Specifically, the tone alert or digital signal alert would be transmitted
to the customer premise equipment after the suppressed ringing connection
is established. The tone alert could be of several forms including single
tones, dual tones, multifrequency or the like and the digital signal alert
could consist of any predetermined bit sequence. The tone alert causes the
modem to go off-hook electrically and become active. The digital alert
signal does not cause the digital interface to go off-hook, rather the
control unit 44 transmits a bit stream through the switching system to the
digital interface indicating the same functionality as "off-hook." In
addition to the several forms of alert tones, different alert tones or bit
sequences could cause different actions. For example, tone 1 or bit
sequence 1 could cause software routine1 to be activated or hardware
component1 to be utilized while tone 2 or bit sequence 2 could cause
software routine2 to be activated or hardware components2 to be utilized.
In the active state, the remainder of the computer equipment and software
(or a subset of equipment and/or software) are brought to a full power up
state through the arrangement described above (block 208). The data is
downloaded and the computer can accept and store the data, as well as
filter, analyze and act on the data, based on the received tones and local
software instructions (block 209). Once the downloading of data is
completed the information provider can drop the carrier tone to the
customer's modem, deliver a data message to the customer digital interface
to terminate the call or the switching system could send a signal in
response to which the modem or digital interface turns off computer 34
(block 210).
While the above-identified operation sequence describes "off-hook"
operation, it is to be understood that the suppressed ringing connection
can be established using an on-hook implementation as described in U.S.
Pat. No. 5,189,694 issued to Garland on Feb. 3, 1993. In such an
operation, if the customer goes off-hook (i.e. lift the receiver of a
telephone to make a voice call) while on-hook data transmission is
occurring, the switching system 2 detects the off-hook state directly,
ends the data transmission and provides dial tone to the customer.
The data tone alert could also be enhanced with the subaddress disclosed in
U.S. Pat. No. 5,509,054 issued to Garland. The subaddress could identify
the destination or component to receive the information. For example, the
subaddress, if used in a call setup situation, could identify destinations
on a home LAN. Further examples of call setup destination targets are a)
the modem itself (new program or diagnostics), b) the computer in general,
c) the hard disk, or d) the display. Alternatively, the subaddress could
be passed to the application software which would activate the addressed
component after call setup is complete.
Because allowing access to a customer's computer raises security concerns,
the customer, when making the initial request for the data transfer, can
provide a personal identification number (PIN), password, security code or
other security identifier to the information provider. The security
identifier could be for a single or multiple access. The information
provider retains the security identifier with the requested data and, upon
activating the receiving system, transmits the security identifier to the
modem. If the security identifier is not valid the modem or software
terminates the connection. The modem or software only allows access to the
memory and operating systems of computer 34 after checking the validity of
the security identifier. As further security protection, the security
identifiers could allow access only to particular areas of the computer.
For example, access could be allowed only to a particular text area of the
computer memory but not to executable areas or to particular customer
defined text areas. Limiting access to write and read areas also provides
additional virus protection. Access control is provided by software that
oversees protection of memory by temporarily assigning non-read/write
characteristics to the appropriate file area. Finally, the communications
protocol of the modem could be restricted to one way (incoming) data flow
when it is activated using the security identifier thereby preventing the
outflow of data from the customer's computer. The initial alert tone or
signal could also initiate a software subsystem such as virus scan
software or the like.
Information from the information provider could be downloaded as numbered
blocks of data or percent of file transferred to facilitate the resending
of data, if necessary. In this case, if a transmission error or
interruption occurs, it is necessary to resend only that portion of the
data that was not properly transmitted, as identified by the numbered
blocks. The transmission protocol could also include a time indicator,
defining the amount of time the download will take, to be displayed at the
customer equipment giving the customer an indicator of remaining time for
the download to be completed.
If the customer's line is busy when the suppressed ringing connection is
attempted, the information provider could invoke a call back routine or
the network could provide an auto call-back functionality. This auto
call-back functionality could either require that telephone network notify
the information provider when the customer line is available or that the
telephone network automatically establish a suppressed ringing connection
between the customer and the information provider when both lines are
idle. Further, if the customer line was busy for more than a predetermined
period of time, the network could provide an audible or visual facsimile,
message indicator, voice message indicator, computer data message
indicator, or a single message indicator at the customer premise. For
example, the FAX message indicator identifies that a particular
information provider has a FAX message for the customer. Alternatively,
the information provider could provide the message indicator in real time
over a second line. For example, during a telemetry call, a message is
displayed indicating that the telemetry call is in progress thereby
alerting the customer not to pick up the telephone handset and disturb the
call.
Because the data transfer occurs silently when the customer is presumably
not at the computer, it is beneficial to provide an indication to the
customer that a data set is waiting at the server to be delivered (message
waiting) or that the data download has occurred (message delivered). The
message can indicate the type of message delivered to the customer such as
text, computer program, fax or the like. To accomplish this, a message is
delivered that causes an indicator (visual or audible) to be activated at
the customer location. Where a separate stand alone modem is used, the
indicator can consist of a visual indicator such as lighting a lamp on the
modem. Alternatively, an icon can be employed that will appear on the
computer screen when the customer logs on or an intelligent peripheral
including a visual display can be used. It will also be understood that an
audible indicator can be given if, for example, the customer's computer
includes multimedia equipment.
Charges for the call from the information provider to the customer could be
reverse billed to the customer, if desired. For example, the information
provider could place a call to the customer where the first part of the
telemetry call was free of telecommunication charges (e.g. local or long
distance charges), and then when the call was accepted, via PIN or other
protection, the telecommunications charges for the remainder of the call
would be charged to the customer premise (reverse charging) or information
provider. A subaddress could be implemented where the subaddress accesses
a software program in the customer's computer. The software program
receives the charge back basis (content charge rate for the information)
and bases acceptance or rejection if the information based on the received
rate during the initial communications period per customer selections. If
the rate is over a customer determined limit, the connection is terminated
without the customer incurring charges. Alternatively, information may be
transmitted in priority order until the charges reach a customer defined
monetary limit at which time the connection is dropped by the customer
premise equipment.
It is also possible that the information provider may have many
destinations (i.e. different customers or different computers of the same
customer) requesting the same data at approximately the same time. In this
case, a broadcast data bridge may be constructed in the telephone network
where the information provider transmits the data to the network and the
bridge sends the data to the plural destinations. One such bridge could
consist of a modem connected to the information provider, this modem is
connected to parallel modems, each of which is connected to the multiple
customer's computers. A call to each of the customer's computers would be
set up and when they are all connected, one transmission from the
information provider would take place. Any broadcast service connection
that does not include a proper security identifier is dropped by the
customer premise equipment during initial communication.
It is to be understood that the above description is only of one preferred
embodiment of the invention. Numerous other arrangements may be devised by
one skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
The invention is thus limited only as defined in the accompanying claims.
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