A method for producing a homogeneous material with an extruder is provided. The extruder has at least two annular conical feed gaps situated between a rotatable rotor and a stator so that the material to be extruded is supplied between the rotor and the stator. Between the delivery point of the material to be extruded and the nozzle of the extruder in the direction of travel of the material the at least one rotor or stator of the extruder is provided with openings passing therethrough so that at least some of the material to be extruded is made to flow through the openings from one annular conical feed gap to another annular conical feed gap. The invention also relates to an extruder and to a multilayer plastic pipe.
The invention relates to a method and a an apparatus for processing various materials, the apparatus including at least two annular feed gaps placed one within the other. The beginning of each feed gap is provided with a grinding section (5), which is followed in the apparatus by a mixing section (10). The materials are processed in the grinding section (5), whereafter they are mixed in the mixing section (10), and the mixture is extruded into a product.
A capsule filling machine is provided which is characterized in that contents substance m is force fed into a body B accommodated and held in a body pocket 221 using a force feeding screw 33 to fill the contents substance m.
A method and an apparatus for treating waste material. The apparatus has a conical rotatable rotor (3) placed between stators (1, 2). At least the stators (1, 2) have recesses (9) from which the material in the apparatus can be discharged when the rotor (3) is rotating. The rotor (3) has several openings (8a, 8b) in the axial direction of the apparatus through which openings at least some of the waste material passes. The edges of the recesses (9) and the openings (8a, 8b) of the rotor (3) are sharp so that the waste material supplied to the apparatus is ground by means of the sharp edges when it passes through the openings (8a, 8b).
A method for manufacturing an extrudable product including the steps of (a) providing an apparatus including an extruder having at least one rotor with first grooves, at least one stator with second grooves and a clearance between the rotor and the stator, the first grooves, second grooves and clearance forming a processing cavity having a volume that is equal to the volumes of the first grooves, the second grooves and the clearance, the processing cavity having a cross-sectional area that decreases continuously along at least a part of an axis of the extruder, the extruder further having a supply for feeding a material to be extruded into the processing cavity; b) feeding the material to be extruded in a powder, pellet or granuate form into the processing cavity through the supply and causing rotation of the rotor relative to the stator such that the material is forced to proceed along an x-axis in a shear zone of the extruder where the material is subjected to a shear which causes a fictional heat that melts a part of the material and forms a bed of mainly unmelted particles and melt around the particles, the processing cavity being completely filled at a cross-sectional portion thereof that is a distance from the end of the extruder, the unmelted particles being present in the cross-sectional portion in an amount sufficient to increase a pressure in the extruder to a level that is higher than that needed for pushing the material further along the x-axis to a die.
An apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, the apparatus including at least one rotor and at least one stator defining a clearance having a feed gap between them, the rotor and stator collectively including a groove for moving material to be extruded from a feed zone of the apparatus to a shear zone of the apparatus upon rotation of the rotor and a countergroove for facilitating the extrusion of the material, the groove and countergroove being disposed on opposite sides of the feed gap, the countergroove having a thread that is opposite in direction to a thread of the groove, the groove having a cross-section that is substantially unchanging, the countergroove being disposed substantially along an entire length of the shear zone, the groove, countergroove and clearance forming a processing cavity having a volume that is the volumes of grooves, countergrooves and the clearance, the processing cavity having a cross-sectional area that decreases continuously along at least a part of an axis of the apparatus.
