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| United States Patent | 6253442 |
| Link to this page | http://www.wikipatents.com/6253442.html |
| Inventor(s) | Benson; Gerald M. (Woodbury, MN), Smith; Kenneth L. (White Bear Lake, MN) |
| Abstract | A method is disclosed for manufacturing a plurality of laminae for use in a
mold suitable for use in forming retroreflective cube corner articles.
Each lamina has opposing first and second major surfaces defining
therebetween a first reference plane. Each lamina further includes a
working surface connecting the first and second major surfaces. The
working surface defines a second reference plane substantially parallel to
the working surface and perpendicular to the first reference plane and a
third reference plane perpendicular to the first reference plane and the
second reference plane. The method includes orienting a plurality of
laminae to have their respective first reference planes parallel to each
other and disposed at a first angle relative to a fixed reference axis. At
least two groove sets are formed in the working surface. Each groove set
includes at least two parallel adjacent V-shaped grooves in the working
surface of the laminae. The at least two groove sets form first, second
and third groove surfaces that intersect substantially orthogonally to
form a plurality of cube corner elements. Each of the plurality of cube
corner elements is preferably located on essentially one of the plurality
of lamina. The plurality of laminae can be oriented at a second angle
relative to the fixed reference axis prior to forming at least one of the
groove sets. A mold according to the present invention and a
retroreflective article made therefrom are also disclosed. |
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Title Information  |
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Drawing from US Patent 6253442 |
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Retroreflective cube corner sheeting mold and method for making the same |
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| Publication Date |
July 3, 2001 |
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Title Information  |
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References  |
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| *references marked with an asterisk below are user-added references |
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U.S. References |
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| | Reference | Relevancy | Comments | Reference | Relevancy | Comments | 6015214 Heenan et al.
Jan,2000 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5600484 Benson et al.
Feb,1997 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5585164 Smith et al.
Dec,1996 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5564870 Benson et al.
Oct,1996 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5557836 Smith et al.
Sep,1996 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5450235 Smith et al.
Sep,1995 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5300263 Hoopman et al.
Apr,1994 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5156863 Pricone et al.
Oct,1992 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 5066098 Kult et al.
Nov,1991 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4775219 Appeldorn et al.
Oct,1988 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4601861 Pricone et al.
Jul,1986 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4588258 Hoopman
May,1986 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4095773 Lindner
Jun,1978 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4066236 Lindner
Jan,1978 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4066331 Lindner
Jan,1978 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | Re29396 Heenan
Sep,1977 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 4025159 McGrath
May,1977 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3926402 Heenan
Dec,1975 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3924928 Trimble
Dec,1975 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3922065 Schultz
Nov,1975 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3873184 Heenan
Mar,1975 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3712706 Stamm
Jan,1973 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3684348 Rowland
Aug,1972 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3632695 Howell
Jan,1972 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3541606 Heenan et al.
Nov,1970 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3417959 Schultz
Dec,1968 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 3190178 McKenzie
Jun,1965 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 1591572 Stimson
Jul,1926 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 835648 Straubel
Nov,1906 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | | | | |
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U.S. References |
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Foreign References |
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| | Reference | Relevancy | Comments | Reference | Relevancy | Comments | | 1917292Apr., 1969DE |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 92 17 179 UJun., 1993DE |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | | 42 40 680 A1Jun., 1994DE |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 42 36 799 A1Sep., 1994DE |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | | 44 10 994 C2Jan., 1996DE |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 44 29 683 C1Mar., 1996DE |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | | 297 01 903 U1May., 1997DE |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | 1289029Mar., 1962FR |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | | 8-309851Nov., 1996JP |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | WO 94/18581Aug., 1994WO |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | | WO 97/04939Feb., 1997WO |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | WO 97/04940Feb., 1997WO |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | | WO 97/27035Jul., 1997WO |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | WO 97/45255Dec., 1997WO |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | |
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Foreign References |
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Other References |
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| | Reference | Relevancy | Comments | Cooke, "Optical Activities In Industry," Applied Optics, vol. 20, No. 8, Apr. 15, 1981.
. Jul,2007 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | Eckhardt, H.D., "Simple Model of Corner Reflector Phenomena," Applied Optics, Jul., 1971, vol. 10, No. 7.. Jul,2007 |      Your vote accepted [0 after 0 votes] | | |
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| Market Size |
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| Reasonable Royalty |
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Market Review  |
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Technical Review  |
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Claims  |
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What is claimed is:
1. A method of manufacturing a plurality of laminae for use in a mold suitable for use in forming retroreflective cube corner articles, each lamina having opposing first and
second major surfaces defining therebetween a first reference plane, each lamina further including a working surface connecting the first and second major surfaces, the working surface defining a second reference plane substantially parallel to the
working surface and perpendicular to the first reference plane and a third reference plane perpendicular to the first reference plane and the second reference plane, the working surfaces of the plurality of laminae collectively referred to as a
collective working surface, the method comprising:
orienting a plurality of laminae to have their respective first reference planes parallel to each other and disposed at a first angle relative to a fixed reference axis; and
forming at least two groove sets, each groove set including at least two parallel grooves in the collective working surface, the at least two groove sets forming first, second and third groove surfaces that intersect substantially orthogonally to
form a plurality of cube corner elements located on the plurality of laminae, each of the cube corner elements being located essentially on one of the plurality of laminae;
wherein the step of orienting the plurality of laminae to have their respective first reference planes parallel to each other and disposed at a first angle relative to a fixed reference axis comprises assembling the plurality of lamina in a
fixture defining a base plane; and
wherein the step of forming the groove sets comprises forming at least one of the groove sets at an acute angle relative to the base plane.
2. A method of manufacturing a plurality of laminae for use in a mold suitable for use in forming retroreflective cube corner articles, each lamina having opposing first and second major surfaces defining therebetween a first reference plane,
each lamina further including a working surface connecting the first and second major surfaces, the working surface defining a second reference plane substantially parallel to the working surface and perpendicular to the first reference plane and a third
reference plane perpendicular to the first reference plane and the second reference plane, the working surfaces of the plurality of laminae collectively referred to as a collective working surface, the method comprising:
orienting a plurality of laminae to have their respective first reference planes parallel to each other and disposed at a first angle relative to a fixed reference axis; and
forming at least two groove sets, each groove set including at least two parallel grooves in the collective working surface, the at least two groove sets forming first, second and third groove surfaces that intersect substantially orthogonally to
form a plurality of cube corner elements located on the plurality of laminae, each of the cube corner elements being located essentially on one of the plurality of laminae;
wherein the step of forming the groove sets comprises varying the distance between adjacent grooves at different depths in the collective working surface.
3. A method of manufacturing a plurality of laminae for use in a mold suitable for use in forming retroreflective cube corner articles, each lamina having opposing first and second major surfaces defining therebetween a first reference plane,
each lamina further including a working surface connecting the first and second major surfaces, the working surface defining a second reference plane substantially parallel to the working surface and perpendicular to the first reference plane and a third
reference plane perpendicular to the first reference plane and the second reference plane, the working surfaces of the plurality of laminae collectively referred to as a collective working surface, the method comprising:
orienting a plurality of laminae to have their respective first reference planes parallel to each other and disposed at a first angle relative to a fixed reference axis; and
forming at least two groove sets, each groove set including at least two parallel grooves in the collective working surface, the at least two groove sets forming first, second and third groove surfaces that intersect substantially orthogonally to
form a plurality of cube corner elements located on the plurality of laminae, each of the cube corner elements being located essentially on one of the plurality of laminae;
wherein the step of forming at least two groove sets comprises forming a first groove set including at least two parallel adjacent V-shaped grooves in the working surface of each of the laminae to define the first and second groove surfaces so as
to form a first reference edge on each of the respective laminae; and forming a second groove set including at least two grooves in the collective working surface, each groove in the second groove set defining the third groove surfaces;
wherein the plurality of lamina are oriented to have their respective first reference planes parallel to each other and disposed at a second angle relative to the fixed reference axis prior to forming the second groove set; and
wherein the step of orienting the plurality of laminae to have their respective first reference planes parallel to each other and disposed at a second angle relative to the fixed reference axis comprises rotating a plurality of the laminae
180.degree. about an axis perpendicular to the second reference plane. |
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Claims  |
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Description  |
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FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to molds suitable for use in forming cube corner retroreflective sheeting, to methods for making the same, and to retroreflective sheeting formed from such molds. In particular, the invention relates to
molds formed from a plurality of thin laminae and to methods for making the same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Retroreflective materials are characterized by the ability to redirect light incident on the material back toward the originating light source. This property has led to the wide-spread use of retroreflective sheeting in a variety of conspicuity
applications. Retroreflective sheeting is frequently applied to flat, rigid articles such as, for example, road signs and barricades; however, it is also used on irregular or flexible surfaces. For example, retroreflective sheeting can be adhered to
the side of a truck trailer, which requires the sheeting to pass over corrugations and protruding rivets, or the sheeting can be adhered to a flexible body portion such as a road worker's safety vest or other such safety garment. In situations where the
underlying surface is irregular or flexible, the retroreflective sheeting desirably possesses the ability to conform to the underlying surface without sacrificing retroreflective performance. Additionally, retroreflective sheeting is frequently packaged
and shipped in roll form, thus requiring the sheeting to be sufficiently flexible to be rolled around a core.
Two known types of retroreflective sheeting are microsphere-based sheeting and cube corner sheeting. Microsphere-based sheeting sometimes referred to as "beaded" sheeting, employs a multitude of microspheres typically at least partially embedded
in a binder layer and having associated specular or diffuse reflecting materials (e.g., pigment particles, metal flakes or vapor coats, etc.) to retroreflect incident light. Illustrative examples are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,190,178 (McKenzie),
4,025,159 (McGrath), and 5,066,098 (Kult). Advantageously, microsphere-based sheeting can generally be adhered to corrugated or flexible surfaces. Also, due to the symmetry of beaded retroreflectors, microsphere based sheeting exhibits a relatively
orientationally uniform total light return when rotated about an axis normal to the surface of the sheeting. Thus, such microsphere-based sheeting has a relatively low sensitivity to the orientation at which the sheeting is placed on a surface. In
general, however, such sheeting has a lower retroreflective efficiency than cube corner sheeting.
Cube corner retroreflective sheeting comprises a body portion typically having a substantially planar base surface and a structured surface comprising a plurality of cube corner elements opposite the base surface. Each cube-corner element
comprises three mutually substantially perpendicular optical faces that intersect at a single reference point, or apex. The base of the cube corner element acts as an aperture through which light is transmitted into the cube corner element. In use,
light incident on the base surface of the sheeting is refracted at the base surface of the sheeting, transmitted through the bases of the cube corner elements disposed on the sheeting, reflected from each of the three perpendicular cube-corner optical
faces, and redirected toward the light source. The symmetry axis, also called the optical axis, of a cube corner element is the axis that extends through the cube corner apex and forms an equal angle with the three optical faces | | |