A pneumatic reinforcement system (14) ("system") for a body structure (12) of a vehicle (10) includes an air bladder (28), an inflator device (30), a sensor (32), and one or more mounting members (34a, 34b, 34c). The sensor (32) detects a crash condition and actuates the inflator device (30) to inflate the air bladder (28). The air bladder (28) is attached to the body structure (12) by mounting members (34a, 34b, 34c), with the inflated air bladder (28) and mounting member (34a, 34b, 34c) strengthening the body structure (12) during a crash condition.

A shock-absorbing safety apparatus for a vehicle, such as a truck or tanker. The apparatus includes inflatable containers attached to the exterior sides of the vehicle, a plurality of overturning sensors, a controller, and inflation sources corresponding to each inflatable container. The overturning sensors provide a signal indicating an incipient overturning condition to the controller which, upon determination that an overturn is incipient, induces the inflation sources to inflate at least those inflatable Containers disposed on the downward side of the vehicle. The overturning sensors can include pressure sensors detecting pressure between wheels of the vehicle and the road surface as well as tilt or angle sensors detecting the angular orientation of the vehicle with resect to the road. The inflation sources provide gas, which may be a fire-retardant gas. The containers preferably are made of a strong, abrasion resistant material and present a relatively high coefficient of friction.

A vehicle body assembly has an outer skin panel defining an exterior surface for a vehicle. An inner skin panel is spaced from the outer skin panel. One or more energy absorbing bodies are located between the inner skin panel and the outer skin panel such that the one or more energy absorbing bodies will be aligned with one or more hard points of the vehicle. The energy absorbing body may be a foam block or a hollow body such as a fluid reservoir.

In order to protect pedestrians in the event of a collision with a motor vehicle, a bodyshell element forming a hood or trunk lid has at least one edge area with an outer part isolated from a support structure, in such a way that the outer part creates an energy-absorbing zone in front of the support structure part as a means of protection in a collision.

An active material hood impact mitigation mechanism is activated in response to a signal generated from an impact sensor or pre-impact sensor or manually. The mitigation mechanism is capable of changing either reversibly or irreversibly the stiffness, shape, location, orientation, or displacement force of the hood either globally or locally, before an impact against the hood. The active material mitigation mechanism is held in a device designed to be installed in operative communication with the hood surface. The active material is characterized by a first shape or stiffness and is operative to change to a second shape or stiffness in response to the activation signal. Such active materials include shape memory alloys, electroactive polymers, shape memory polymers, magnetic shape memory alloys, magnetorheological fluids, magnetorheological elastomers, electrorheological fluids, and piezoelectric materials.