A system for treating goods, in particular for coating optical substrates, under a vacuum, within a gas-tight sealable, evacuatable vacuum chamber (receiver) that can be provided with an inert gas atmosphere, includes a device for calibrating the gas pressure in the receiver for a respective operating cycle. The calibrating device has a calibration pressure vessel (2) having a volume (v) lower than the volume (V) of the receiver (1) and is connected in terms of flow with an inert gas source and the receiver (1) via actuatable valve fittings (3, 4), wherein the receiver (1) and calibration pressure vessel (2) are each linked via a pressure gage (5 or 6) with a computer (7), which controls the valve fittings (3, 4) for introducing the gas into the calibration pressure vessel (2) or receiver (1) by way of a downstream controller (8). The measures of the calibration device make it possible to calibrate the gas pressures in a gas-tight sealable, evacuatable vacuum chamber (receiver) that can be provided with an inert gas atmosphere, in such a way as to repeatedly ensure a preset, constant gas concentration in the receiver within an operating or treatment cycle.
A locomotive location system and method utilizes inertial measurement inputs, including orthogonal acceleration inputs and turn rate information, in combination with wheel-mounted tachometer information and GPS/DGPS position fixes to provide processed outputs indicative of track occupancy, position, direction of travel, velocity, etc. Various navigation solutions are combined together to provide the desired information outputs using an optimal estimator designed specifically for rail applications and subjected to motion constraints reflecting the physical motion limitations of a locomotive. The system utilizes geo-reconciliation to minimize errors and solutions that identify track occupancy when traveling through a turnout.
